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Copper Mining In The Democratic Republic Of The Congo
Copper mining in the Democratic Republic of the Congo mainly takes place in the Copper Belt of the southern Katanga Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Not all copper deposits contain significant cobalt, but nearly all cobalt in the country is sourced from copper deposits. The DRC produces about 63% of the world's cobalt, with about 80% from industrial copper mines, and the remaining 20% gathered by artisanal mining. Geology The Katanga, or Shaba, copperbelt in the DRC is a belt about wide and long between Lubumbashi and Kolwezi formed in rocks of the Katanga Supergroup. There are 72 economic deposits of copper/cobalt and four large mining centers. Taken together, the DRC and Zambian copper belts are the second largest global reserve of copper, about 1/3 the size of the Chilean reserve. The DRC copper belt includes some of the highest grade copper deposits in the world. In some reserves the grades are above 5%. The ore also has high grades of cobalt and may hold 3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copper Belt
The Copperbelt () is a natural region in Central Africa which sits on the border region between northern Zambia and the southern Democratic Republic of Congo. It is known for copper mining. Traditionally, the term ''Copperbelt'' includes the mining regions of Zambia's Copperbelt Province (notably the towns of Ndola, Kitwe, Chingola, Luanshya, and Mufulira in particular) and the Congo's Haut-Katanga and Lualaba provinces (notably Lubumbashi, Kolwezi, and Likasi). In some contexts the term may exclude the Congo entirely. Zambia's Copperbelt became a province soon after independence in 1964, when it was named "Western province". President Kenneth Kaunda changed the name to its present-day "Copperbelt province" in 1969. From the time of the Bantu expansion, both the Congo's Katanga and Zambia's Copperbelt regions have been called "Ilamba" or "Lambaland", after the Lamba people. Both provinces are rich in mineral wealth. Prehistory The Copperbelt was not inhabited before the a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Goods Produced By Child Labor Or Forced Labor
The ''List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor'' is an annual publication issued by the United States Government’s Bureau of International Labor Affairs at the U.S. Department of Labor. It has been published within the December 2014 Department of Labor report issued in its sixth updated edition. The list is published under the direction of the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act (TVPRA) of 2005, which was reauthorized by Congress in 2008, 2011 and 2013. A Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act has passed House in January 2015. As of 20 September 2018, the most recent publication, the list comprises 148 goods from 76 countries, slightly higher than the numbers published in 2014 when the list had 136 goods that ILAB " adreason to believe are produced by forced labor or child labor" in 74 countries. According to the 2014 report, agriculture, forestry and fishing were the sectors where child labor and forced labor were most common. Manufacturing, mining, qu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China Railway
China State Railway Group Company, Ltd., doing business as China Railway (CR), is the national passenger and freight railroad corporation of the People's Republic of China. China Railway operates passenger and freight transport throughout China with 18 regional subsidiaries. By September 2022, the total assets of China Railway Group are CNY 9.06 trillion (USD 1.24 trillion). History Under the Chinese Corporate Law, China Railway Corporation was reorganized into China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. on June 18, 2019, instead of Industrial Enterprises Owned by the Whole People. This meant the Ministry of Finance would act as an investor on behalf of the state and the company would be led by a board and managed by board-chosen executives. Logo The China Railway logo was designed by Chen Yuchang () (1912–1969), officially adopted on 22 January 1950. The whole logo represents the front of a locomotive. The upper part of the logo represents the Chinese character 人 (people), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deziwa Mine
The Deziwa mine is a large open-pit copper and cobalt mine located about 35 km east of Kolwezi in Lualaba Province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The mine is estimated to hold 4.6 million tonnes of copper and 420,000 tonnes of cobalt. The mine sits directly adjacent to the Mutanda Mine. History Copperbelt minerals An initial agreement was struck in 2005 between Gécamines and ''Platmin Congo'' (a subsidiary of ''Copperbelt Minerals'') to explore Deziwa. The joint venture, ''Societe Minere de Deziwa et Ecaille C Sprl'' (Somidec) was owned 68% by Copperbelt minerals, and 32% by Gecamines. In 2010, Zijin Mining made a $284 million bid to purchase the Deziwa and Ecaille C mines from ''Platmin Congo''. The bid was rejected by the Congolese government, who said the deal violated regulations. Gécamines In 2013, Gécamines purchased ''Copperbelt Minerals 68% stake in Deziwa and Ecaille C. The purchase was financed by a $196 million loan from Dan Gertler's Fleurette ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eurasian Natural Resources Corporation
Eurasian Natural Resources Corporation PLC (ENRC) was a public, Kazakhstan/Central African-focused, multinational leading diversified natural resources company headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It had activities in integrated mining, processing, energy, logistics and marketing. ENRC was formed in 1994, listed on the London Stock Exchange in 2006 delisted after a near six-year spell in November 2013. A secondary listing and subsequent de-listing also took place on the Kazakhstan Stock Exchange. ENRC is now a fully owned subsidiary of the Eurasian Resources Group (ERG), a private natural resources company headquartered in Luxembourg. This private company incorporates the assets of former FTSE-100 group, ENRC PLC, which it acquired in November 2013. History Major events The assets of the company were acquired during the mid-1990s as part of the privatization process in Kazakhstan. The company in its present form was established in 2006 as part of a re-organisation to con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sodimico
Sodimico (''Société de développement industriel et minier du Congo'') is a state-owned mining company in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Early years Sodimico took over several mining properties from the Union Miniere du Katanga in 1967, when President Mobotu partially nationalized the Zaire economy. Sodimico was a subsidiary of the giant state-owned Gécamines. The primary focus was on gold mining. In 1988 the Kinsenda mine was flooded, halting production for two years. During the 1990s the company was badly affected by civil conflict and by the government's privatization policies. In many cases workers went unpaid for months. During the Second Congo War (1998–2003) and in the unrest that followed "peace", informal mining by artisans produced much of the copper and cobalt, exporting it illegally with the collusion of government officials. Private companies produced 85% of official output, with dysfunctional state companies such as Sodimico or Gécamines as passi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lonshi Mine
Lonshi Mine is a copper mine in Katanga Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to the southeast of Ndola, Zambia. Operations The mine produces high-grade oxide ore that was transported to Zambia for processing at the SX/EW facility in Bwana. Both the mine and the Bwana Mkubwa facility away were owned by First Quantum Minerals (FQM). In January 2003 FQM announced an increase in estimated reserves from 295,000 tonnes to 356,000 tonnes of contained copper. In 2006 the mine produced about 520,000 tonnes of ore grading 10.3% copper, and copper cathode production was 51,068 tonnes. Controversy In December 2007 Moise Katumbi, the governor of Katanga province, ordered First Quantum Minerals to stop exporting copper ore from the Lonshi mine to Zambia. The stoppage was related to a dispute over contract terms. In May 2010 a Congolese court ruled that FQM's Lonshi and Frontier copper mines had been awarded illegally and that they should revert to state-owned Sodimico. Accordi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Chamber Of Commerce
The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC; French: ''Chambre de commerce internationale'') is the largest, most representative business organization in the world. Its over 45 million members in over 100 countries have interests spanning every sector of private enterprise. ICC's current chairman is Ajaypal Singh Banga and John W.H. Denton AO is the current Secretary General. ICC has three main activities: rule setting, dispute resolution, and policy advocacy. Because its member companies and associations are themselves engaged in international business, ICC has unrivalled authority in making rules that govern the conduct of business across borders. Although these rules are voluntary, they are observed in thousands of transactions every day and have become part of international trade. A world network of national committees in over 100 countries advocates business priorities at national and regional level. More than 3,000 experts drawn from ICC's member companies feed their know ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kolwezi Tailings Project
The Kolwezi tailings project also known as the Roan Tailings Reclamation (RTR) is a project in the Kolwezi mining area of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) to recover copper from the tailings, or processed ore, from mining in the region since the 1950s. The project was developed by the Canadian mining companies Adastra Minerals and then First Quantum Minerals between 2004 and 2009, when the DRC government revoked First Quantum's license. The project is currently majority owned by the Eurasian Resources Group. Location Kolwezi is a town of about 200,000 people in the Katanga Province of the DRC. It has been a mining center for 100 years. The main river valley is filled with tailings, and there are extensive pits, waste rock dumps and tailings deposits. The air is polluted by wind-blown tailings. Infrastructure such as roads, water supply and management, schools and hospitals was once good, but as of 2004 it was poorly maintained. The state mining company Gécamines no lon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Quantum Minerals
First Quantum Minerals is a Canadian-based mining and metals company whose principal activities include mineral exploration, development and mining. Its main product is copper, which accounts for 80% of revenues as of 2016. First Quantum's common shares are listed for trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange in Canada (symbol "FM"). Until 2016, First Quantum also maintained a secondary listing on the London Stock Exchange (symbol "FQM"), in the United Kingdom. History First Quantum was founded in 1983 under the name Xenium Resources. It changed its name to ''Zeal Capital'' in 1989, ''First Quantum Ventures'' in 1993, and First Quantum Minerals in 1996. Its first significant operation was the Bwana Mkubwa mine in Zambia, acquired in 1996. In 2000, First Quantum acquired a partial interest in Mopani Copper Mines, a Zambian copper company. In 2001, it opened the Lonshi Copper Mine in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Also in 2001, the company acquired the Kansanshi mine in Z ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gécamines
La Générale des Carrières et des Mines (Gécamines) is a Congolese commodity trading and mining company headquartered in Lubumbashi, in the Katanga region of the Democratic Republic of Congo. It is a state-controlled corporation founded in 1966 and a successor to the Union Minière du Haut-Katanga. Gecamines is engaged in the exploration, research, exploitation and production of mineral deposits including copper and cobalt. One of the largest mining companies in Africa, and the biggest in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Gécamines sits on the world's greatest deposit of cobalt and has some of the world's largest deposits of copper. Copper mines in which Gécamines has a major interests include, but are not limited to, Kambove, Kipushi, Kamfundwa and Kolwezi. Located in the mineral-rich Katanga Province, Gécamines is currently going through a multi-year, multi-billion reorganization strategic development plan with the main objective of repositioning itself as one of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
