|
Convoi Des 31000
The Convoi des 31000 or Convoy of the 31000s was a deportation convoy that left Romainville, France, for Auschwitz Concentration Camp on 24 January 1943. The women who were transported were mostly Communist Party members or Resistance fighters. Its name stemmed from the fact that the women were assigned numbers between 31625 and 31854 when they reached Auschwitz. It was the only convoy to transport women of the French Resistance to Auschwitz. Out of 230 women who arrived at the concentration camp, only 49 survived their ordeal. A number of women from the convoy testified against the Nazis after the war, wrote autobiographies, were awarded the Legion of Honour or were decreed to be Righteous Among the Nations. Background In 1941 Otto von Stülpnagel introduced the Night and Fog directive (''Nacht und Nebel'') which provided for deporting "enemies of the Reich" to the eastern territories in order to isolate them from the rest of the world, forbidding them to make any communications ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romainville
Romainville () is a Communes of France, commune in the Seine-Saint-Denis department and in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. Location It is located from the Kilometre Zero, center of Paris. History On 24 July 1867, a part of the territory of Romainville was detached and merged with a part of the territory of Pantin and a part of the territory of Bagnolet to create the commune of Les Lilas. Heraldry Population Transport Romainville is served by no station of the Paris Métro, RER, or suburban rail network. The closest stations to Romainville are Mairie des Lilas (Paris Metro), Mairie des Lilas station on Paris Métro Line 11 and Bobigny - Pantin - Raymond Queneau (Paris Métro), Bobigny - Pantin - Raymond Queneau station on Paris Métro Line 5. The former is located in the neighboring commune of Les Lilas, from the town center of Romainville, and the latter is located in the neighboring commune of Pantin, from the town center of Romainville. There are plans to ext ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madeleine Dissoubray
Madeleine may refer to: Common meanings * Madeleine (name), also Madeline, a feminine given name *Madeleine (cake), a traditional sweet cake from France * Mary Magdalene, also called the Madeleine Arts and entertainment * ''Madelein'' (1919 film), a German silent film * ''Madeleine'' (1950 film), a film directed by David Lean * ''Madeleine'' (2003 film), a South Korean romance * ''Madeleine'' (opera), a 1914 1-act opera by Victor Herbert * "Madeleine" (Backstreet Boys song), the fourth track of ''In a World Like This'' *"Madeleine", a song by Jonathan Kelly, released as a single in 1972 *"Madeleine", a song by Jacques Brel *"Madeleine Episode", archetypal involuntary memory in Marcel Proust's book, '' In Search of Lost Time'' *''Madeleine: One of Love's Jansenists,'' a 1919 novel by Hope Mirrlees *''Songs for Madeleine'', a 2018 novel by Fátima Carrero Places * Madeleine (Paris Métro), near the Église de la Madeleine *Madeleine (river), in eastern France *Magdalen Isla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Châlons-en-Champagne
Châlons-en-Champagne () is a city in the Grand Est region of France. It is the capital of the department of Marne, despite being only a quarter the size of the city of Reims. Formerly called Châlons-sur-Marne, the city was officially renamed in 1998. It should not be confused with the Burgundian town of Chalon-sur-Saône. History Châlons is conjectured to be the site of several battles including the Battle of Châlons fought in 274 between Roman Emperor Aurelian and Emperor Tetricus I of the Gallic Empire. The Catalaunian Fields was the site of the battle of Châlons in 451 which turned back the westward advance of Attila. It is the setting of the last operetta of Johann Strauss II, ''Die Göttin der Vernunft (The Goddess of Reason)'', (1897) and is mentioned in, “It’s the Great Pumpkin, Charlie Brown,” as Snoopy’s crash site after doing battle with the Red Baron. Plan de la cathedrale Châlons-sur-Marne 1859 Archives nationales France.jpg, Châlons en Cham ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compiègne Station
Compiègne station ( French: ''Gare de Compiègne'') is a railway station serving Compiègne, in the Oise department of northern France. The station is on the Creil–Jeumont railway. It is served by regional trains to Creil, Amiens, Saint-Quentin and Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S .... TER Hauts-de-France, accessed 14 April 2022. References Railway stations in Oise[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gestapo
The (), abbreviated Gestapo (; ), was the official secret police of Nazi Germany and in German-occupied Europe. The force was created by Hermann Göring in 1933 by combining the various political police agencies of Prussia into one organisation. On 20 April 1934, oversight of the Gestapo passed to the head of the ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS), Heinrich Himmler, who was also appointed Chief of German Police by Hitler in 1936. Instead of being exclusively a Prussian state agency, the Gestapo became a national one as a sub-office of the (SiPo; Security Police). From 27 September 1939, it was administered by the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA). It became known as (Dept) 4 of the RSHA and was considered a sister organisation to the (SD; Security Service). During World War II, the Gestapo played a key role in the Holocaust. After the war ended, the Gestapo was declared a criminal organisation by the International Military Tribunal (IMT) at the Nuremberg trials. History After Adol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auschwitz Birkenau Railcar 2011
Auschwitz concentration camp ( (); also or ) was a complex of over 40 concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) during World War II and the Holocaust. It consisted of Auschwitz I, the main camp (''Stammlager'') in Oświęcim; Auschwitz II-Birkenau, a concentration and extermination camp with gas chambers; Auschwitz III-Monowitz, a labor camp for the chemical conglomerate IG Farben; and dozens of subcamps. The camps became a major site of the Nazis' final solution to the Jewish question. After Germany sparked World War II by invading Poland in September 1939, the ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS) converted Auschwitz I, an army barracks, into a prisoner-of-war camp. The initial transport of political detainees to Auschwitz consisted almost solely of Poles for whom the camp was initially established. The bulk of inmates were Polish for the first two years. In May 1940, German criminals brought to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgette Rostaing
Georgette is a feminine given name, the French form of (''Geōrgia''), the feminine form of George. Georgette may refer to: People * Georgette Barry (1919–2003), stage name Andrea King, American actress * Georgette Bauerdorf (1924–1944), American socialite, heiress and murder victim * Georgette Berube (1927–2005), American politician * Georgette Chen (1906–1993), Singaporean painter * Georgette Harvey (1882–1952), African-American singer and actress * Georgette Heyer (1902–1974), English novelist * Georgette Klinger (1915–2004), Czech-born American businesswoman and cosmetologist * Georgette Leblanc (1869–1941, French operatic soprano, actress and author * Georgette Meyer (1919–1965), also known as Dickey Chapelle, American photojournalist * Georgette Mosbacher (born 1947), American business entrepreneur, executive, political activist and United States Ambassador to Poland * Georgette Seabrooke (1916–2011), American muralist, illustrator, art therapist, non-pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cécile Charua
Cécile or Cecile is a female given name or surname. People Given name * Ce'cile (Cecile Charlton, born 1976), Jamaican musician * Severin Cecile Abega (1955–2008), Cameroonian author * Cécile Aubry (1928–2010), retired French film actress and television screenwriter and director * Princess Cécile of Bourbon-Parma (1935–2021), French humanitarian and political activist * Cécile Breccia, French actress * Cécile Brunschvicg (1877–1946), French feminist politician * Cécile Bruyère (1845–1909), Benedictine nun * Cécile Chaminade (1857–1944), French composer and pianist * Cecile de Brunhoff (1903–2003), French storyteller * Cécile de France (born 1975), Belgian actress * Cecile of France ( 1097–1145), French princess * Cécile Delpirou (born 1964), French politician * Cécile Fatiman ( 1791), voodoo priestess and a figure of the Haitian Revolution * Cécile Guillame (1933–2004), French engraver * Cécile Haussernot (born 1998), French chess player * Cecile ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Cross Parcel
Red Cross parcel refers to packages containing mostly food, tobacco and personal hygiene items sent by the International Association of the Red Cross to prisoners of war during the First and Second World Wars, as well as at other times. It can also refer to medical parcels and so-called "release parcels" provided during World War II. The Red Cross arranged them in accordance with the provisions of the Geneva Convention of 1929. During World War II these packages augmented the often-meager and deficient diets in the POW camps, contributing greatly to prisoner survival and an increase in morale. Modern Red Cross food parcels provide basic food and sanitary needs for persons affected by natural disasters, wars, political upheavals or similar events. More recent catastrophes involving delivery of Red Cross parcels include events in Georgia, Thailand and Great Britain. World War I The Australian Red Cross reported dispatching a total of 395,695 food parcels and 36,339 clothing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methylene Blue
Methylthioninium chloride, commonly called methylene blue, is a salt used as a dye and as a medication. Methylene blue is a thiazine dye. As a medication, it is mainly used to treat methemoglobinemia by converting the ferric iron in hemoglobin to ferrous iron. Specifically, it is used to treat methemoglobin levels that are greater than 30% or in which there are symptoms despite oxygen therapy. It has previously been used for treating cyanide poisoning and urinary tract infections, but this use is no longer recommended. Methylene blue is typically given by injection into a vein. Common side effects include headache, vomiting, confusion, shortness of breath, and high blood pressure. Other side effects include serotonin syndrome, red blood cell breakdown, and allergic reactions. Use often turns the urine, sweat, and stool blue to green in color. While use during pregnancy may harm the baby, not using it in methemoglobinemia is likely more dangerous. Methylene blue was first pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie Politzer
Marie may refer to: People Name * Marie (given name) * Marie (Japanese given name) * Marie (murder victim), girl who was killed in Florida after being pushed in front of a moving vehicle in 1973 * Marie (died 1759), an enslaved Cree person in Trois-Rivières, New France * ''Marie'', Biblical reference to Holy Mary, mother of Jesus * Marie Curie, scientist Surname * Jean Gabriel Marie (other) * Peter Marié (1826–1903), American socialite from New York City, philanthropist, and collector of rare books and miniatures * Rose Marie (1923–2017), American actress and singer * Teena Marie (1956–2010), American singer, songwriter, and producer Places * Marie, Alpes-Maritimes, commune of the Alpes-Maritimes department, France * Lake Marie, Umpqua Lighthouse State Park, Winchester Bay, Oregon, U.S. * Marie, Arkansas, U.S. * Marie, West Virginia, U.S. Art, entertainment, and media Music * "Marie" (Cat Mother and the All Night Newsboys song), 1969 * "Marie" (Johnny Hallyd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosa Floch
Rosa or De Rosa may refer to: People *Rosa (given name) * Rosa (surname) *Santa Rosa (female given name from Latin-a latinized variant of Rose) Places * 223 Rosa, an asteroid *Rosa, Alabama, a town, United States * Rosa, Germany, in Thuringia, Germany * Rösa, a village and former municipality in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany *Rosà a town in the province of Vicenza, Veneto, Italy *Monte Rosa, the second highest mountain in the Alps and Western Europe * Republic of South Africa, a southernmost country in Africa. Film and television * ''Rosa'' (1986 film), a Hong Kong film released by Bo Ho Films *''Rosa – A Horse Drama'', a 1993-94 opera by Louis Andriessen on a libretto by Peter Greenaway * "Rosa" (''Doctor Who''), an episode of the eleventh series of ''Doctor Who'' Music *De Rosa (band), a band from Scotland *"Rosa", a song by Anitta and Prince Royce from the album ''Kisses'', 2019 *"Rosa", a song by Jacques Brel *"Rosa", a song by J Balvin from '' Colores'', 2020 Vehicles *, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
