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Constitution Of Georgia (country)
The Constitution of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს კონსტიტუცია, ''sakartvelos k'onst'it'utsia'') is the supreme law of the nation of Georgia. It was approved by the Parliament of Georgia on 24 August 1995 and entered into force on 17 October 1995. The Constitution replaced the Decree on State Power of November 1992 which had functioned as an interim basic law following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Background Democratic Republic of Georgia and Soviet Rule The history of Georgian constitutionalism begins in the twentieth century, when on 26 May 1918, the Democratic Republic of Georgia adopted the Act of Independence and began drafting the Constitution. The drafting of the constitution lasted for three years. On 21 February 1921, facing the onset of Soviet aggression, the Constituent Assembly of Georgia adopted a constitution of the Democratic Republic of Georgia which was the first modern fundamental law in the nation's history, b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament Of Georgia
The Parliament of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს პარლამენტი, tr) is the supreme national legislature of Georgia. It is a unicameral parliament, currently consisting of 150 members elected through fully proportional election. The current convocation of the Georgian Parliament is 11th. All members of the Parliament are elected for four years on the basis of universal suffrage. The Constitution of Georgia grants the Parliament of Georgia a legislative power, which is partially devolved to the legislatures of the autonomous republics of Adjara and Abkhazia. History The idea of limiting royal power and creating a parliamentary-type body of government was conceived among the aristocrats and citizens in the 12th century Kingdom of Georgia, during the reign of Queen Tamar, the first Georgian female monarch. In the view of Queen Tamar's oppositionists and their leader, Qutlu Arslan, the first Georgian Parliament was to be formed of two " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constituent Assembly Of Georgia
The Constituent Assembly of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს დამფუძნებელი კრება, tr) was a national legislature of the Democratic Republic of Georgia which was elected in February 1919 to ratify the Act of Independence of Georgia and enact the Constitution of 1921. The assembly remained active until the Soviet Russian military intervention brought Georgia’s three-year independence to an end in March 1921. Election After the Russian Revolution of 1917, Georgia seceded from Russia first as a part of the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic on 9 April 1918, and then as its own sovereign republic on 26 May 1918, the day when the Georgian National Council anonymously adopted the Act of Independence of Georgia. According to this act, “the Democratic Republic of Georgia equally guarantees to every citizen within her limits political rights irrespective of nationality, creed, social rank or sex". The Council declared ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avtandil Demetrashvili
Avtandil Demetrashvili (born 21 December 1941 in Patara Toneti, Tetritskaro) is a former member of the Constitutional Court of Georgia. In 1967 graduated from the law faculty of Permi State University and undertook graduate studies at Moscow State University; is a candidate of legal science, Assistant Professor. Worked for the Militia High School of Tbilisi, the law faculty of Tbilisi State University named after Ivane Javakhishvili, was the Secretary to the State Constitutional Commission, Head of the Office of drafting Constitutional Acts operating at the Staff of the Head of State, Chief State Counsellor, Head of the Department of Modern Law Systems at Tbilisi State University. Demetrashvili was appointed a member of the Constitutional Court of Georgia The Constitutional Court of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს საკონსტიტუციო სასამართლო, tr) is the constitutional court of Georgia, the country's judicial body of cons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vakhtang Khmaladze
Vakhtang ( ka, ვახტანგ) is a masculine Georgian given name of Persian origin. Originally from "vahrka-tanū," meaning "wolf-bodied." Some sources argue that the meaning of the name could possibly be a representation of wolf cult, widely practiced in ancient Georgia. Shorter version of the name Vakho ( ka, ვახო) is an etymologically related variant of "Vakhtang," also commonly used in modern Georgian language. Notable people Royalty * Vakhtang I, Georgian king * Vakhtang II, Georgian king * Vakhtang III, Georgian king * Vakhtang IV, Georgian king * Vakhtang V, Georgian king * Vakhtang VI, Georgian king * Vakhtang, son of David IV of Georgia, Georgian prince * Vakhtang, Duke of Aragvi, also known as "Vakhtang the Good" Arts * Vakhtang Kikabidze, Georgian actor * Vakhtang Orbeliani, Georgian poet * Vakhtang Chabukiani, Georgian ballet dancer * Vakhtang Machavariani, Georgian conductor and composer * Vakhtang Mchedelov, Russian director * Vakhtang Murvan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tbilisi State University
Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University ( ka, ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი, tr; often shortened to its historical name, Tbilisi State University or TSU) is a public research university established on 8 February 1918 in Tbilisi, Georgia. Excluding academies and theological seminaries, which have intermittently functioned in Georgia for centuries, TSU is the oldest university in Georgia and the Caucasus region. The total enrollment is over 23,500 students, and there are 5,000 faculty and staff members (collaborators) overall. The main founder of the university was a Georgian historian and academician, Ivane Javakhishvili. Among the co-founders were also several scientists, including Giorgi Akhvlediani, Shalva Nutsubidze, Dimitri Uznadze, Grigol Tsereteli, Akaki Shanidze, Andrea Razmadze, Korneli Kekelidze, Ioseb Kipshidze, P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Givi Intskirveli , nicknamed Givi, Donbas military commander
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Givi can refer to: *Kivi, Iran, a city in Iran *Givi (name), Georgian given name *Italian motorcycle accessory company, pronounced ‘Jee Vee’, founded by former Grand Prix motorcycle road racer Giuseppe Visenzi *Mikhail Tolstykh Mikhail Sergeyevich Tolstykh (; ; 19 July 1980 – 8 February 2017), better known by his ''nom de guerre'' Givi (Гиви), was a Ukrainian separatist officer wanted for war crimes. He was mainly known as the commander of the collaborationis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Constitutional Commission Of Georgia
State most commonly refers to: * State (polity), a centralized political organization that regulates law and society within a territory **Sovereign state, a sovereign polity in international law, commonly referred to as a country **Nation state, a state where the majority identify with a single nation (with shared culture or ethnic group) ** Constituent state, a political subdivision of a state ** Federated state, constituent states part of a federation *** U.S. state * State of nature, a concept within philosophy that describes the way humans acted before forming societies or civilizations State may also refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State * ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States * ''Our State'', a monthly magazine published in North Carolina and formerly called ''The State'' * The State (Larry Niven), a fictional future government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eduard Shevardnadze
Eduard Ambrosis dze Shevardnadze ( ka, ედუარდ ამბროსის ძე შევარდნაძე; 25 January 1928 – 7 July 2014) was a Soviet and Georgian politician and diplomat who governed Georgia (country), Georgia for several non-consecutive periods from 1972 until his resignation in 2003 and also served as the final Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs, Soviet minister of foreign affairs from 1985 to 1991. Shevardnadze started his political career in the late 1940s as a leading member of his local Komsomol organisation. He was later appointed its Second Secretary, then its First Secretary. His rise in the Georgian Soviet hierarchy continued until 1961 when he was demoted after he insulted a senior official. After spending two years in obscurity, Shevardnadze returned as a First Secretary of a Tbilisi city district, and was able to charge the Tbilisi First Secretary at the time with corruption. His anti-corruption work quickly garnered the interest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Council Of The Republic Of Georgia
State Council of the Republic of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს რესპუბლიკის სახელმწიფო საბჭო, tr) was a temporary supreme governing body of the country, which was established in 1992 after the self-liquidation of the Military Council of the Republic of Georgia. History In 1992, the first president of Georgia, Zviad Gamsakhurdia, was overthrown by insurgents through a military coup. The rebels formed a temporary structure, a military council, and established an authoritarian and military regime in the country. On January 5, Eduard Shevardnadze offered to help the country. He arrived in Georgia on March 7, 1992. It was at this time that the temporary structure of governing the country began to be developed. It was this structure that was to lead the country until the next parliamentary elections. The working version of the name of the structure was "Civil Salvation Committee". After consultations and analysis, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Council (Georgia)
The Military Council of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს რესპუბლიკის სამხედრო საბჭო, tr) was the ruling military junta of the Cabinet of Georgia, Government of Georgia which was established on January 2, 1992, during the 1991–1992 Georgian coup d'état, coup d'état in Republic of Georgia (1990–1992), Republic of Georgia. It was an unconstitutional body that served as the leadership of the country to just over 2 months. The council announced the overthrow of President of Georgia, President Zviad Gamsakhurdia and served as the collective head of state from January 6, 1992, until March 10 of that year, when the military council was replaced by the State Council of the Republic of Georgia, State Council led by Eduard Shevardnadze. The full composition of the Military Council was never published, with all orders and resolutions being signed by Tengiz Kitovani and Jaba Ioseliani on behalf of the council. Background ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Council Of The Republic Of Georgia
The Supreme Council of the Republic of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს რესპუბლიკის უზენაესი საბჭო, tr) was the highest unicameral legislative body in Georgia elected in the first democratic, multiparty elections in the Caucasus on October 28, 1990, while the country was still part of the Soviet Union. The Council presided over the declaration of Georgia's independence from the Soviet Union in April 1991. The legislature split into rivaling factions and became defunct after a violent coup d'état ousted President Zviad Gamsakhurdia in January 1992. A pro-Gamsakhurdia faction managed to convene for a few times in exile and again in Georgia during Gamsakhurdia's failed attempt to regain power later in 1993. The Supreme Council was succeeded – after a brief parliamentary vacuum filled by the rule of the post-coup Military Council and then the State Council – by the Parliament of Georgia The Parliament of Georgi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pluralism (political Philosophy)
Pluralism as a political philosophy is the diversity within a political body, which is seen to permit the peaceful coexistence of different interests, convictions, and lifestyles. While not all political pluralists advocate for a pluralist democracy, this is the most common stance, because democracy is often viewed as the most fair and effective way to moderate between discrete values. Political theorist Isaiah Berlin, a strong supporter of pluralism, wrote: "let us have the courage of our admitted ignorance, of our doubts and uncertainties. At least we can try to discover what others ... require, by ... making it possible for ourselves to know men as they truly are, by listening to them carefully and sympathetically, and understanding them and their lives and their needs... ." Pluralism thus tries to encourage members of society to accommodate their differences by avoiding extremism (adhering solely to one value, or at the very least refusing to recognize others as legitimat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
