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Conrad Von Rosen
Conrad von Rosen (1628–1715) was a soldier from Livonia, who served in the French army under Louis XIV from 1646 on. He fought in the Franco-Dutch War (1672–1678) and the Nine Years' War (1688–1691). In 1689 he went to Ireland with James II of England and commanded the Jacobite troops during the final stage of the unsuccessful Siege of Derry. Family background Conrad was born on 29 September 1628 at Gross Roop (now Straupe) in Duchy of Livonia (now in Latvia). He was the third son of Fabian von Rosen (1590–1633) and his wife Sophia (1597–1673). His father's full name was Baron Fabian von Rosen of Klein-Roop and Raiskum; his wife's was Sophie von Mengden of Idsel and Maikendorf. The was Baltic German and Lutheran. Early career As a nobleman's younger son, Conrad von Rosen pursued a military career and in 1644 enlisted in the Swedish army as Livonia was at that time controlled by Sweden. However, he was exiled after killing an officer in duel. He then asked a rela ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Straupe
Straupe (german: Groß-Roop) is a village in Straupe Parish, Cēsis Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia. History Before the village was founded, the area was a part of the ancient Idumea country. The village of Straupe began to develop around the Lielstraupe Castle in the 14th century. Later became the trade center known in German as ''Roop'', and received its town privileges in 1374. During the fourteenth century, Straupe flourished as part of the mercantile Hanseatic League. The town was destroyed during the Polish–Swedish War (1600–29). Origin of name It is possible that Straupe name comes from the Livonian language word ''raupa'', meaning "running water." See also * Lielstraupe Castle References External links *Municipal website*Tourist information and the map of Straupe area*The coin "Straupe" issued within the international coin programme "Hansa Cities" (2006) * Members of the Hanseatic League Kreis Wolmar Towns and villages in Latvia Populated pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nine Years' War
The Nine Years' War (1688–1697), often called the War of the Grand Alliance or the War of the League of Augsburg, was a conflict between France and a European coalition which mainly included the Holy Roman Empire (led by the Habsburg monarchy), the Dutch Republic, England, Spain, Savoy, Sweden and Portugal. Although not the first European war to spill over to Europe's overseas colonies, the events of the war spread to such far away places as the Americas, India, and West Africa. It is for this reason that it is sometimes considered the first world war. The conflict encompassed the Glorious Revolution in England, where William of Orange deposed the unpopular James VII and II and subsequently struggled against him for control of Scotland and Ireland, and a campaign in colonial North America between French and English settlers and their respective Native American allies. Louis XIV of France had emerged from the Franco-Dutch War in 1678 as the most powerful monarch in Europe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François De Créquy
François de Blanchefort de Créquy, later Marquis de Marines, 2 October 1629 to 3 February 1687, was a 17th-century French noble and soldier, who served in the wars of Louis XIV of France. He came from a powerful and well-connected family, his grandfather Charles I de Blanchefort (1578–1638) being a Marshal of France. Rewarded for supporting the Royalists during the 1648-1653 civil war, his elder brother Charles (1623-1687) was a senior advisor to Louis while François had a successful military career. Promoted Marshall in 1668, like other French soldiers of his generation he was over shadowed by Condé and Turenne. He fell from favour in April 1672 and although subsequently reinstated failed to regain his former prestige. He retired from service in 1684 and died in Paris in 1687. Life François de Blanchefort de Créquy was born in Poix-de-Picardie on 2 October 1629, youngest of three sons of Charles de Blanchefort (ca 1598-1630) and Anne Grimoard du Roure (ca 1601-168 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Saint-Denis (1678)
The Battle of Saint-Denis was the last major action of the 1672 to 1678 Franco-Dutch War. It took place on 14 August 1678, four days after Louis XIV of France had agreed the Treaty of Nijmegen with the Dutch Republic, but before he finalised terms with Spain. The battle was initiated by the Allies to prevent the French capturing the Spanish-held town of Mons, then on the border between France and the Spanish Netherlands. Both sides claimed victory and the result is disputed. Leaving a small force to maintain the siege of Mons, French commander Luxembourg concentrated 40,000 men around the nearby villages of Saint-Denis and Casteau, where they were attacked by a combined Dutch-Spanish army of 45,000 led by William of Orange. In the first stages of the battle, the Allies over-ran the French flanks before being forced back by a series of counter attacks; many positions changed hands several times as fighting continued into the evening. After six hours of battle, William pulled his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Cambrai (1677)
The siege of Cambrai took place from 20 March to 19 April 1677 during the 1672–1678 Franco-Dutch War; then part of the Spanish Netherlands, it was invested by a French army under the duc de Luxembourg. Siege operations were supervised by the military engineer Vauban; Louis XIV was nominally in command but played little part in operations. An attempt by a combined Dutch-Spanish force under William of Orange to relieve the nearby town of Saint-Omer was defeated by Luxembourg at Cassel on 11 April. Cambrai surrendered on 19 April and was ceded to France by Spain in the September 1678 Treaty of Nijmegen. Background In the 1667-1668 War of Devolution, France captured most of the Spanish Netherlands and the Spanish province of Franche-Comté but many of their gains were relinquished by the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, agreed with the Triple Alliance of the Dutch Republic, England and Sweden. To split the Alliance, Louis XIV paid Sweden to remain neutral, while signing an allian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François-Henri De Montmorency, Duc De Luxembourg
François Henri de Montmorency-Bouteville, Duke of Piney-Luxembourg, commonly known as Luxembourg (8 January 1628 – 4 January 1695), and nicknamed "The Upholsterer of Notre-Dame" (''Le Tapissier de Notre-Dame''), was a French general and Marshal of France. A comrade and successor of the Great Condé, he was one of the most accomplished military commanders of the early modern period and is particularly noted for his exploits in the Franco-Dutch War and War of the Grand Alliance. Not imposing physically, as he was a slight man and hunchbacked, Luxembourg was nonetheless one of France's greatest generals. He never lost a battle in which he held command. Early years François Henri de Montmorency was born in Paris. His father, the François de Montmorency-Bouteville, had been executed six months before his birth for participating in a duel against the Marquis de Beuvron. His aunt, Charlotte Marguerite de Montmorency, Princess of Condé, took charge of him and educated him with he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis, Grand Condé
Louis de Bourbon, Prince of Condé (8 September 1621 – 11 December 1686), known as the Great Condé (French: ''Le Grand Condé'') for his military exploits, was a French general and the most illustrious representative of the Condé branch of the House of Bourbon. He was one of Louis XIV's pre-eminent generals. Condé is particularly celebrated for his triumphs in the Thirty Years' War, notably at Rocroi, and his campaigns against the Grand Alliance in the Franco-Dutch War. He rebelled against Louis XIV as the leader of the last Fronde in 1651, leading to his exile from France until 1659. Biography Louis was born in Paris, the son of Henri II de Bourbon, Prince of Condé and Charlotte Marguerite de Montmorency; the infant was immediately endowed with the title of Duke of Enghien. His father was a first cousin-once-removed of Henry IV, the King of France, and his mother was an heiress of one of France's leading ducal families. Condé's father saw to it that his son rece ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fugger
The House of Fugger () is a German upper bourgeois family that was historically a prominent group of European bankers, members of the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century mercantile patriciate of Augsburg, international mercantile bankers, and venture capitalists. Alongside the Welser family, the Fugger family controlled much of the European economy in the sixteenth century and accumulated enormous wealth. The Fuggers held a near monopoly on the European copper market. This banking family replaced the Medici family, who influenced all of Europe during the Renaissance. The Fuggers took over many of the Medicis' assets and their political power and influence. They were closely affiliated with the House of Habsburg whose rise to world power they financed. Unlike the citizenry of their hometown and most other trading patricians of German free imperial cities, such as the Tuchers, they never converted to Lutheranism, as presented in the Augsburg Confession, but rather remained with the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dettwiller
Dettwiller (; ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. Dettwiller was historically known for shoe production. An Adidas factory was in operation between the 1960s into the 1980s. See also * Communes of the Bas-Rhin department The following is a list of the 514 communes of the Bas-Rhin department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):Bas-Rhin communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia Communes o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reinhold Von Rosen
Reinhold von Rosen (1605 – 8 December 1667) was a Baltic nobleman fighting for Sweden and France. Reinhold was one of the great generals of the Thirty Years' War. Birth and origins Born in 1605 in Livonia, son of Otto von Rosen and his wife Catharina von Klebeck. Career Reinhold was one of the great generals of the Thirty Years' War. He served Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden in his youth. In 1632, at the Battle of Lützen in which Gustavus Adolphus fell, he commanded a cavalry regiment. He then served Bernard of Saxe-Weimar On 17 July 1635 he successfully defended the Protestant town of Zweibrücken menaced by imperial troops. When Bernard died in 1639, he and the entire Weimar army went into French service and served under Condé and Turenne. He fought under Turenne in his defeat against Mercy at the Battle of Herbsthausen and was taken prisoner. Marriages Rosen married three times. He had a daughter, Marie-Sophie von Rosen (1638–1686), who married Conrad von Rosen. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lutheranism
Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and Protestant Reformers, reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Catholic Church launched the Reformation, Protestant Reformation. The reaction of the government and church authorities to the international spread of his writings, beginning with the ''Ninety-five Theses'', divided Western Christianity. During the Reformation, Lutheranism became the state religion of numerous states of northern Europe, especially in northern Germany, Scandinavia and the then-Livonian Order. Lutheran clergy became civil servants and the Lutheran churches became part of the state. The split between the Lutherans and the Roman Catholics was made public and clear with the 1521 Edict of Worms: the edicts of the Diet (assembly), Diet condemned Luther and officially banned citizens of the Holy Roman Empire from defending or propagatin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baltic German
Baltic Germans (german: Deutsch-Balten or , later ) were ethnic German inhabitants of the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea, in what today are Estonia and Latvia. Since their coerced resettlement in 1939, Baltic Germans have markedly declined as a geographically determined ethnic group. However, it is estimated that several thousand people with some form of (Baltic) German identity still reside in Latvia and Estonia. Since the Middle Ages, native German-speakers formed the majority of merchants and clergy, and the large majority of the local landowning nobility who effectively constituted a ruling class over indigenous Latvian and Estonian non-nobles. By the time a distinct Baltic German ethnic identity began emerging in the 19th century, the majority of self-identifying Baltic Germans were non-nobles belonging mostly to the urban and professional middle class. In the 12th and 13th centuries, Catholic German traders and crusaders (''see '') began settling in the eastern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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