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Communal House Of The Textile Institute
Communal House of the Textile Institute (also known simply as ''Nikolaev's House'') is a constructivist architecture landmark located in the Donskoy District of Moscow, Russia. The building, designed by Ivan Nikolaev to accommodate 2000 students, was erected in 1929-1931 and functioned as a student dormitory until 1996.Sevryukova As of August 2008, parts of the building were leased as office space, while the main residential block was abandoned and gutted inside; the current owner, Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys, plans to rehabilitate the dilapidated structure into a modern campus. Design The Communal House of the Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys became the first solo project for 28-year-old Ivan Nikolaev of the OSA Group; the contract awarded to him was a part of a larger project that included three student campuses in (then) remote areas of Moscow. The contract specification defined a modest maximum construction cost and building volume (50 cubic metres) per student. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Le Corbusier
Charles-Édouard Jeanneret (6 October 188727 August 1965), known as Le Corbusier ( , , ), was a Swiss-French architect, designer, painter, urban planner, writer, and one of the pioneers of what is now regarded as modern architecture. He was born in Switzerland and became a French citizen in 1930. His career spanned five decades, and he designed buildings in Europe, Japan, India, and North and South America. Dedicated to providing better living conditions for the residents of crowded cities, Le Corbusier was influential in urban planning, and was a founding member of the (CIAM). Le Corbusier prepared the master plan for the city of Chandigarh in India, and contributed specific designs for several buildings there, especially the government buildings. On 17 July 2016, seventeen projects by Le Corbusier in seven countries were inscribed in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites as The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constructivist Architecture
Constructivist architecture was a constructivist style of modern architecture that flourished in the Soviet Union in the 1920s and early 1930s. Abstract and austere, the movement aimed to reflect modern industrial society and urban space, while rejecting decorative stylization in favor of the industrial assemblage of materials. Designs combined advanced technology and engineering with an avowedly communist social purpose. Although it was divided into several competing factions, the movement produced many pioneering projects and finished buildings, before falling out of favour around 1932. It has left marked effects on later developments in architecture. Definition Constructivist architecture emerged from the wider Constructivist art movement, which grew out of Russian Futurism. Constructivist art had attempted to apply a three-dimensional cubist vision to wholly abstract non-objective 'constructions' with a kinetic element. After the Russian Revolution of 1917 it turned its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ICOMOS
The International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS; french: links=no, Conseil international des monuments et des sites) is a professional association that works for the conservation and protection of cultural heritage places around the world. Now headquartered in Charenton-le-Pont, France, ICOMOS was founded in 1965 in Warsaw as a result of the Venice Charter of 1964, and offers advice to UNESCO on World Heritage Sites. The idea behind ICOMOS dates to the Athens Conference on the restoration of historic buildings in 1931, organized by the International Museums Office. The Athens Charter of 1931 introduced the concept of international heritage. In 1964, the Second Congress of Architects and Specialists of Historic Buildings, meeting in Venice, adopted 13 resolutions. The first created the International Charter on the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites, better known as Venice Charter; the second, put forward by UNESCO, created ICOMOS to carry out this charter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rossiyskaya Gazeta
' (russian: Российская газета, lit. Russian Gazette) is a Russian newspaper published by the Government of Russia. The daily newspaper serves as the official government gazette of the Government of the Russian Federation, publishing government-related affairs such as official decrees, statements and documents of state bodies, the promulgation of newly approved laws, Presidential decrees, and government announcements. History ''Rossiyskaya Gazeta'' was founded in 1990 by the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR during the '' glasnost'' reforms in Soviet Union, shortly before the country dissolved in 1991. ''Rossiyskaya Gazeta'' became official government newspaper of the Russian Federation, replacing ''Izvestia'' and '' Sovetskaya Rossiya'' newspapers, which were both privatized after the Soviet Union's dissolution. The role of ''Rossiyskaya Gazeta'' is determined by the Law of the Russian Federation N 5-FZ, dated 14 June 1994 and entitled "''On the Procedure of P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vedomosti
''Vedomosti'' ( rus, Ведомости, p=ˈvʲedəməsʲtʲɪ, ) is a Russian language, Russian-language business journalism, business daily newspaper published in Moscow. History ''Vedomosti'' was founded in 1999 as a joint venture between Dow Jones and Company, Dow Jones, who publishes ''The Wall Street Journal''; Pearson plc, Pearson, who previously published the ''Financial Times''; and Independent Media, who publishes ''The Moscow Times''. Independent Media was acquired by Finnish media company Sanoma in 2005. Leonid Bershidsky, Leonid Bereshidsky was the first chief editor, till he entered INSEAD Business School, INSEAD business school in 2002 and was replaced by Tatiana Lysova. From 2007 till 2010, Elizaveta Osetinskaja served as chief editor. In 2010 she became chief editor of the online version of the newspaper. She was replaced by former chief editor Tatiana Lysova. Sanoma sold its stake in the paper to , former chief executive of ''Kommersant'', in April 2015. Ahe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
US Dollar
The United States dollar (symbol: $; code: USD; also abbreviated US$ or U.S. Dollar, to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies; referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, American dollar, or colloquially buck) is the official currency of the United States and several other countries. The Coinage Act of 1792 introduced the U.S. dollar at par with the Spanish silver dollar, divided it into 100 cents, and authorized the minting of coins denominated in dollars and cents. U.S. banknotes are issued in the form of Federal Reserve Notes, popularly called greenbacks due to their predominantly green color. The monetary policy of the United States is conducted by the Federal Reserve System, which acts as the nation's central bank. The U.S. dollar was originally defined under a bimetallic standard of (0.7735 troy ounces) fine silver or, from 1837, fine gold, or $20.67 per troy ounce. The Gold Standard Act of 1900 linked the dollar solely to gold. From 1934, its equi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Rouble
''hum''; cv, тенкĕ ''tenke''; kv, шайт ''shayt''; Lak: къуруш ''k'urush''; Mari: теҥге ''tenge''; os, сом ''som''; tt-Cyrl, сум ''sum''; udm, манет ''manet''; sah, солкуобай ''solkuobay'' , name_abbr = руб, Rbl , image_1 = Banknote_5000_rubles_2010_front.jpg , image_title_1 = banknote of the current series , image_2 = Rouble coins.png , image_title_2 = Coins , iso_code = RUB , date_of_introduction = 14 July 1992:RUR (1 SUR = 1 RUR)1 January 1998:RUB (1,000 RUR = 1 RUB) , replaced_currency = Soviet ruble (SUR) , using_countries = , unofficial_users = , inflation_rate = 12.0% (November 2022) , inflation_source_date Bank of Russia, inflation_method = CPI , unit = ruble , subunit_ratio_1 = , subunit_name_1 = kopeyka (копейка) ''tiyen''; ba, тин ''tin''; cv, пус ''pus''; os, капекк ''kapekk''; udm, коны ''kony''; Mari: ыр ''yr''; sah, харчы ''harchy'' , symb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow Architectural Institute
Moscow Architectural Institute (State Academy) - MArchI (russian: Московский Архитектурный Институт (Государственная Академия) - МАрхИ) is a famous architecture school located in Moscow, Russia. Since 1994, the Institute has been accredited by the Royal Institute of British Architects. MArchI trains architects of wide-range specialization in Town-Planning, Architecture of Residential and Public Buildings, Architectural Design, Architecture of Industrial Buildings, Architecture of Agricultural Complexes, Theory and History of Architecture, Restoration of Architectural Monuments, Interior Architecture, Landscaping. Since 2010, the academy releases an international electronic scientific and educational magazine "Architecture and Modern Information Technologies". Organization The language of education is Russian. The full course of studies lasts 6 years. After that students get the diploma and can work as architects in Russi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yakov Belopolsky
Yakov Borisovich Belopolski ( rus, Яков Борисович Белопольский; uk, Яків Борисович Білопільський) was a Soviet architect. Among other work, he was responsible for the design of the Soviet War Memorial in Treptower Park in Berlin. He was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1950, and was granted the title of People's Architect of the USSR People's Architect of the USSR (russian: Народный архитектор СССР), also sometimes translated as National Architect of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to architects of the Soviet Union; it was established on August 12 ... in 1988. Literature * Berkovich, Gary. Reclaiming a History. Jewish Architects in Imperial Russia and the USSR. Volume 4. Modernized Socialist Realism: 1955–1991. Weimar und Rostock: Grunberg Verlag. 2022 . References Soviet architects 20th-century architects 1916 births 1993 deaths Soviet Jews {{Russia-architect-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bed Bug (insect)
''Cimex'' is a genus of insects in the family Cimicidae. ''Cimex'' species are ectoparasites that typically feed on the blood of birds and mammals. Two species, ''Cimex lectularius'' and ''Cimex hemipterus'', are known as bed bugs and frequently feed on humans, although other species may parasitize humans opportunistically. Species that primarily parasitize bats are known as bat bugs. The insects are long and have flattened reddish-brown bodies with small nonfunctional wings. Description Adult ''Cimex'' are light brown to reddish-brown, flat and oval. The mouthparts are beak-like, and adapted for piercing and sucking. Following a blood meal the abdomen is plump and darker in colour. The front wings are vestigial and reduced to pad-like structures and there are no hind wings. ''Cimex'' have segmented abdomens with microscopic hairs that give them a banded appearance. Adults grow to long. The different species are very similar in morphology and can only be separated by micr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sedative
A sedative or tranquilliser is a substance that induces sedation by reducing irritability or excitement. They are CNS depressants and interact with brain activity causing its deceleration. Various kinds of sedatives can be distinguished, but the majority of them affect the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). In spite of the fact that each sedative acts in its own way, most produce relaxing effects by increasing GABA activity. This group is related to hypnotics. The term ''sedative'' describes drugs that serve to calm or relieve anxiety, whereas the term ''hypnotic'' describes drugs whose main purpose is to initiate, sustain, or lengthen sleep. Because these two functions frequently overlap, and because drugs in this class generally produce dose-dependent effects (ranging from anxiolysis to loss of consciousness) they are often referred to collectively as ''sedative-hypnotic'' drugs. Sedatives can be used to produce an overly-calming effect ( alcohol being the m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
