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Civil Order Of Alfonso XII
The Civil Order of Alfonso XII ( es, Orden Civil de Alfonso XII, links=no) is a Spanish honorific decoration named for King Alfonso XII (1857–1885). It was established by Royal Decree on 23 May 1902 to reward achievements in education, science, culture, teaching and research. History According to Article 3 of the Royal Decree, the order is composed of three categories: Grand Cross ( es, Gran Cruz, links=no), Commander ( es, Encomienda, links=no), and Chevalier ( es, Caballero, links=no). Beginning in 1939, the members of the Order could request their entry into the newly created Civil Order of Alfonso X, the Wise. Royal Decree 954/1988, of 2 September, finalized its replacement with the Civil Order of Alfonso X, the Wise, "adapting its norms to the social conditions of the present time and to the democratic principles on which the legal system is based." Selected recipients See also * Orders, decorations, and medals of Spain This is a list of some of the modern orders, dec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order (distinction)
An order is a visible honour awarded by a sovereign state, monarch, dynastic house or organisation to a person, typically in recognition of individual merit, that often comes with distinctive insignia such as collars, medals, badges, and sashes worn by recipients. Modern honour systems of state orders and dynastic orders emerged from the culture of orders of chivalry of the Middle Ages, which in turn emerged from the Catholic religious orders. Terminology The word order ( la, ordo), in the case referred to in this article, can be traced back to the chivalric orders, including the military orders, which in turn trace the name of their organisation back to that of the Catholic religious orders. Orders began to be created ''ad hoc'' and in a more courtly nature. Some were merely honorary and gradually the ''badges'' of these orders (i.e. the association) began to be known informally as ''orders''. As a result, the modern distinction between ''orders'' and ''decorations'' or ''in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcelino Menéndez Y Pelayo
Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo (; 3 November 1856 – 19 May 1912) was a Spanish scholar, historian and literary critic. Even though his main interest was the history of ideas, and Hispanic philology in general, he also cultivated poetry, translation and philosophy. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature five times. Biography He was born at Santander where he showed that he was an infant prodigy. His brother said in his memoirs that at the age of twelve he translated Virgil without a dictionary and read the ''History of England'' by Oliver Goldsmith. At only 15, he studied literature under Manuel Milà i Fontanals at the University of Barcelona (1871–1872), then proceeded to the central University of Madrid. His academic success was unprecedented; a special law was passed by the ''Cortes'' to enable him to become a professor at 22. Three years later, in 1880, he was elected a member of the Real Academia Española, but he was already well known throughout Spain. His ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Valera Y Alcalá-Galiano
Juan Valera y Alcalá-Galiano (18 October 1824 – 18 April 1905), was a Spanish realist author, diplomat, and politician. Life He was born at Cabra, in the province of Córdoba, and was educated at Málaga and at the University of Granada, where he took his degree in law, and then entered upon a diplomatic career (1847). Over the next five decades, Valera filled a number of positions in a variety of places. He accompanied the Spanish Ambassador to Naples. Afterwards, he was a member of the Spanish legations at Lisbon (1850), Rio de Janeiro (1851–53), Dresden and St. Petersburg (1854–57 with the Duke of Osuna). He wrote about the latter mission in ''Cartas desde Rusia'', poking "gentle fun" at his fellow diplomat, Mauricio Álvarez de las Asturias Bohorques y Guiráldez, the third Duke of Gor. After his return to Madrid, he became one of the editors of the liberal journal ''El Contemporáneo'' (1859), and was appointed Minister to Frankfurt (1865). After the revolution ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joaquín Sorolla
Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida ( va, Joaquim Sorolla i Bastida, 27 February 1863 – 10 August 1923) was a Spanish Valencian painter. Sorolla excelled in the painting of portraits, landscapes and monumental works of social and historical themes. His most typical works are characterized by a dexterous representation of the people and landscape under the bright sunlight of Spain and sunlit water. Biography Early life Joaquín Sorolla was born on 27 February 1863 in Valencia, Spain. Sorolla was the eldest child born to a tradesman, also named Joaquín Sorolla, and his wife, Concepción Bastida. His sister, Concha, was born a year later. In August 1865, both children were orphaned when their parents died, possibly from cholera. They were thereafter cared for by their maternal aunt and uncle, a locksmith. He received his initial art education at the age of 9 in his native town, and then under a succession of teachers including Cayetano Capuz, Salustiano Asenjo. At the age of eighteen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eduardo Saavedra
Eduardo Saavedra y Moragas (27 February 1829 in Tarragona – 12 March 1912 in Madrid), Spanish engineer, architect, archaeologist and Arabist, member of the Real Academia de la Historia, Spanish Royal Academy of Sciences, Real Academia Española and cofounder-president of the Real Sociedad Geográfica. Biography In 1857 Eduardo Saavedra designed the Chipiona Lighthouse, the highest lighthouse in Spain. In 1860 he discovered Numantia ruins in the province of Soria and was the chairman of the committee that dealt with the archaeological excavations. While working on the project of roads between Soria and the Burgo de Osma-Ciudad de Osma he discovered the Roman road between Uxama Argaela and Augustóbriga. Archeological Studies *"Descripción de la vía romana entre Uxama y Augustóbriga", en Memorias de la Real Academia de la Historia, vol. 9, 1879 Arabic Studies * ''La Geografía de España de El Idrisí'', Madrid, 1881. * ''Intereses de España en Marruecos'', Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid digital subscribers. It also is a producer of popular podcasts such as '' The Daily''. Founded in 1851 by Henry Jarvis Raymond and George Jones, it was initially published by Raymond, Jones & Company. The ''Times'' has won 132 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any newspaper, and has long been regarded as a national " newspaper of record". For print it is ranked 18th in the world by circulation and 3rd in the U.S. The paper is owned by the New York Times Company, which is publicly traded. It has been governed by the Sulzberger family since 1896, through a dual-class share structure after its shares became publicly traded. A. G. Sulzberger, the paper's publisher and the company's chairman, is the fifth generation of the family to head the pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur Rubinstein
Arthur Rubinstein ( pl, Artur Rubinstein; 28 January 188720 December 1982) was a Polish Americans, Polish-American pianist."Artur Rubinstein" ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' He is widely regarded as one of the greatest pianists of all time. He received international acclaim for his performances of the music written by a variety of composers and many regard him as one of the greatest Frédéric Chopin, Chopin interpreters of his time. He played in public for eight decades. Early life [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santiago Ramón Y Cajal
Santiago Ramón y Cajal (; 1 May 1852 – 17 October 1934) was a Spanish neuroscientist, pathologist, and histologist specializing in neuroanatomy and the central nervous system. He and Camillo Golgi received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1906. Ramón y Cajal was the first person of Spanish origin to win a scientific Nobel Prize. His original investigations of the microscopic structure of the brain made him a pioneer of modern neuroscience. Hundreds of his drawings illustrating the arborizations ("tree growing") of brain cells are still in use, since the mid-20th century, for educational and training purposes. Biography Santiago Ramón y Cajal was born on the 1st of May 1852 in the town of Petilla de Aragón, Navarre, Spain. As a child he was transferred many times from one school to another because of behavior that was declared poor, rebellious, and showing an anti-authoritarian attitude. An extreme example of his precociousness and rebelliousness at the age of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agustí Querol Subirats
Agustí Querol i Subirats (or ''Agustín Querol y Subirats'') (May 17, 1860 – December 14, 1909) was a prominent Spanish sculptor, born in Tortosa, Catalonia, Spain. Life Born to a poor family, the son of a baker, Querol was educated under Ramon Cerveto Bestraten (1829–1906). At the age of 18, he left his job at his father’s bakery and moved to Barcelona, where he worked as an apprentice at the studios of Domingo Talarn and of the Vallmitjana Brothers. He also attended sculpture classes at the Escola Provincial de Belles Arts (called colloquially “la Llotja”). He studied dissection and anatomy at the Hospital de la Santa Creu in Barcelona, then won a scholarship to study in Rome. Based in Madrid from 1890, he was responsible for many monuments, sculptures, and project proposals through much of the Spanish-speaking world. Querol's work is characterized by the same romantic style, fluid modeling, wealth of detail and technical skill as his French ''fin de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Pradilla Ortiz
Francisco Pradilla Ortiz (24 July 1848 – 1 November 1921) was a prolific Spanish painter famous for creating historical scenes. Biography He was born in Villanueva de Gállego, in Zaragoza Province and began his studies in Zaragoza. He then transferred to the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando and, later, the "Academia de Acuarelistas" (Academy of Watercolorists) in Madrid. In 1873, he became one of the first students chosen to study at the new . From there he had opportunities to travel to France and Venice and studied the old masters. In 1878 he submitted his painting ''Doña Joanna the Mad'' or (Juana la Loca) to the National Exhibition of Fine Arts and was awarded the Medal of Honor. In 1879, the Spanish Senate then commissioned him to create ''La Rendición de Granada'' (The Surrender of Granada), which took him three years to complete.The painting hangs in the Capilla Real at Granada In 1881 he became the Director of the , but resigned from this pos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benito Pérez Galdós
Benito Pérez Galdós (May 10, 1843 – January 4, 1920) was a Spanish Spanish Realist literature, realist novelist. He was the leading literary figure in 19th-century Spain, and some scholars consider him second only to Miguel de Cervantes in stature as a Spanish novelist. Pérez Galdós was a prolific writer, publishing 31 novels, 46 ''Episodios Nacionales'' (''National Episodes''), 23 plays, and the equivalent of 20 volumes of shorter fiction, journalism and other writings. He remains popular in Spain, and is considered as equal to Dickens, Balzac and Tolstoy. Some of his works have been translated into English, as he has slowly become popular in the Anglophone world. While his plays are generally considered to be less successful than his novels, ''Realidad'' (1892) is important in the history of realism in the Spanish theatre. The Pérez Galdós museum in Las Palmas, Gran Canaria features a portrait of the writer by Joaquín Sorolla. He came to be nominated for the No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José María De Pereda
José María de Pereda (born 6 February 1833, Polanco, Cantabria – died 1 March 1906, Polanco) was a modern Spanish novelist, and a Member of the Royal Spanish Academy. Life Pereda was educated at the Institute Cántabro of Santander, whence he went in 1852 to Madrid, where he studied with the vague purpose of entering the artillery corps. Abandoning this design after three years' trial, he returned home and began his literary career by contributing articles to a local journal, ''La Abeja montañesa'' in 1858. He also wrote much in a weekly paper''El Tío Cayetano'' and in 1864 he collected his powerful realistic sketches of local life and manners under the title of ''Escenas montañesas'' (''Mountain scenes''). Pereda fought against the revolution of 1868 i''El Tío Cayetano'' writing the newspaper almost single-handed. In 1871 he was elected as the Carlist deputy for Cabuérniga. In this same year he published a second series of ''Escenas montañesas'' under the title of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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