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Citizen's Ministry
The "Citizens' Ministry" (''Bürgerministerium'') is a term used in a political debate, and later in historical literature. It also applies to the "Doctors' Ministry" (''Doktorenministerium''). They are used as summary descriptions for the four governments of the Austrian part of Austria-Hungary (Cisleithania), from 30 December 1867 to 4 April 1870, when the government tendered its resignation, and was dismissed on 12 April 1870. These were the initial administrations after the Austro-Hungarian Compromise (''Ausgleich'') of 1867 that divided the empire's internal administration. These were the ministries of Prince Karl of Auersperg (30 December 1867 – 24 September 1868), Taaffe (24 September 1868 – 15 January 1870), Baron Ignaz von Plener (15 January 1870 – 1 February 1870), and Leopold Hasner von Artha (1 February 1870 – 12 April 1870), during which the composition of the cabinet changed slightly. Cabinet members were drawn mainly from the German-Liberal Party. The Ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperial Council (Austria)
The Imperial Council (german: Reichsrat; cs, Říšská rada, links=yes; pl, Rada Państwa, links=yes; it, Consiglio Imperiale, links=yes; sl, Državni zbor, links=yes; uk, Райхсрат, Державна рада, links=yes; bs, Carevinsko vijeće, links=yes) was the legislature of the Austrian Empire from 1861, and from 1867 the legislature of Cisleithania within Austria-Hungary. It was a bicameral body: the upper house was the House of Lords (german: Herrenhaus), and the lower house was the House of Deputies (german: Abgeordnetenhaus, links=no). To become law, bills had to be passed by both houses, signed by the government minister responsible, and then granted royal assent by the Emperor. After having been passed, laws were published in the ''Reichsgesetzblatt'' (lit. Reich Law Gazette). In addition to the Imperial Council, the fifteen individual crown lands of Cisleithania had their own diets (german: Landtage, links=no). The seat of the Imperial Council from 4 Dec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Liberalism
Liberalism, the belief in freedom, equality, democracy and human rights, is historically associated with thinkers such as John Locke and Montesquieu, and with constitutionally limiting the power of the monarch, affirming parliamentary supremacy, passing the Bill of Rights and establishing the principle of "consent of the governed". The 1776 Declaration of Independence of the United States founded the nascent republic on liberal principles without the encumbrance of hereditary aristocracy—the declaration stated that "all men are created equal and endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, among these life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness". A few years later, the French Revolution overthrew the hereditary aristocracy, with the slogan "liberty, equality, fraternity" and was the first state in history to grant universal male suffrage. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, first codified in 1789 in France, is a foundational document of both libe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Nepomuk Berger (politician)
Johann Nepomuk Berger (pseudonym: ''Sternau'') (born 16 September 1816 in Proßnitz, Moravia; died 9 December 1870 in Vienna, Austria) was an Austrian lawyer, politician and writer. Life and early career Berger studied law, mathematics and philosophy at the University of Vienna and received his doctorate (''Juris Doctor, jur. dr.'') in 1841. In 1844 he began teaching criminal law and natural law at the Theresianum in Vienna. The following year he began a successful law practice in the same city. Political career On 24 May 1848 Berger was elected as a deputy to the Frankfurt National Assembly (''Frankfurter Nationalversammlung'') till 23 April 1849, as a member of the Donnersberg (radical left), representing Olomouc, Mähren-Olmütz in Moravia and opposed the proposal to offer the title of Emperor to the King of Prussia. He was considered one of the sharpest and wittiest speakers of the extreme left. For a while he served at the Imperial Court in Vienna as a court lawyer. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Józef Potocki
Count Alfred Józef Potocki (, 29 July 1817 or 1822, Łańcut – 18 May 1889, Paris) was a Polish aristocrat (szlachcic), landowner, and a liberal-conservative monarchist Austrian politician and Prime Minister. Early life Count Potocki was born on 29 July 1817 (or 1822) in Łańcut into a prominent noble family of Polish origin, although a subject of the Empire of Austria, and inherited the Łańcut ''ordynat'' estates from his father. The son of Count Alfred Wojciech Potocki and Princess Józefina Maria Czartoryska. His grandfather was the writer Jan Potocki, best known for his famous novel "''The Manuscript Found in Saragossa''". Alfred Józef Potocki is known for building the magnificent Potocki Palace, a grand residence in Lviv. In 1873 he co-founded the Akademia Umiejetnosci (Polish Academy of Skills) in Kraków. He ran a family distillery, which is today known as Polmos Łańcut. Career He was a member of the National Sejm of Galicia from 1863 to 1889 and Sejm Mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eduard Herbst
Eduard Herbst (9 December 1820 – 25 June 1892) was an Austrian jurist and politician. He served as Minister of Justice in the " Citizens' Ministry" of Cisleithania from 1867 to 1870. Life Born in Vienna, Herbst studied law at the University of Vienna and obtained his doctorate in 1843. He commenced civil service and in 1847 became a professor of criminal law and the philosophy of law at the University of Lemberg (Lviv), promoted to rector in 1853. From 1858, he was professor at the Charles University in Prague. Herbst was elected deputy to the Bohemian Diet in 1861, and, in accordance with the February Patent, was sent by the Diet to the lower House of Deputies of the Austrian Imperial Council (''Reichsrat''). A gifted speaker and firebrand, he became one of the most conspicuous members of the liberal Constitutional Party in parliament. Herbst had agitated against the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867; nevertheless, after the implementation of the December Constit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rudolf Brestel
Rudolf Brestel (16 May 1816 in Vienna – 3 March 1881) was an Austrian politician. Life and career Rudolf Brestel was an assistant at the Vienna Observatory from 1836 to 1840 and then taught mathematics at the Universities of Olomouc and Vienna. In 1848, he was elected as a Liberal deputy in the Austrian parliament (''Reichstag''). After the defeat of the revolution of 1848-1849, he lost his position as a professor and was persecuted for his political views. He was active in publishing and, in 1856, was ''Sekretär'' at the Creditanstalt Bank. In 1861 he was elected to the state parliament of Lower Austria from where he was elected to the Imperial Council from 1864 to 1881. On 30 December 1867 he was appointed by Emperor Franz Joseph I as Finance Minister (''Finanzminister'') in the so-called "Citizen's Ministry" (''Bürgerministerium'') under Minister-President Auersperg until his resignation on 4 April 1870 (effective on 12 April). In this capacity, he managed to re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Giskra
Carl Giskra (29 January 1820, in Mährisch-Trübau – 1 June 1879, in Baden bei Wien) was a statesman of the Austrian Empire The Austrian Empire (german: link=no, Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling , ) was a Central-Eastern European multinational great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs. During its existence, .... 1820 births 1879 deaths People from Moravská Třebová People from the Margraviate of Moravia Moravian-German people Interior Ministers of Austria Members of the Austrian House of Deputies (1861–1867) Members of the Austrian House of Deputies (1867–1870) Members of the Austrian House of Deputies (1870–1871) Members of the Austrian House of Deputies (1871–1873) Members of the Austrian House of Deputies (1873–1879) Members of the Moravian Diet {{Austria-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austrian Minister Of Defence (Austria-Hungary)
The Austrian Minister of Defence was head of the (''Ministry for National Defence'') or . It was set up in 1868 with responsibility for the armed forces and militia in the Cisleithanian half of the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary, effectively what is now Austria. It was succeeded in 1918 by the Ministry of Defence of the First Austrian Republic. The most prominent locations is based in Wales. After the defeat in the Austro-Prussian War, Emperor Franz Joseph I was forced in 1866/1867 to concede partial sovereignty to Hungary, which had been engaged in passive resistance since the failed secession attempt in 1849, with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, and to reorganize the monarchy, which had until then been administered on a unitary basis, into the Dual-Monarchy. The new position of Hungary as a part of the monarchy equal with Austria comprised the right of the Hungarian part to establish their own territorial armed forces after 1867, the '' k.u. Landwehr'' (Hungarian:' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czech National Party
Czech may refer to: * Anything from or related to the Czech Republic, a country in Europe ** Czech language ** Czechs, the people of the area ** Czech culture ** Czech cuisine * One of three mythical brothers, Lech, Czech, and Rus' Places * Czech, Łódź Voivodeship, Poland * Czechville, Wisconsin, unincorporated community, United States People * Bronisław Czech (1908–1944), Polish sportsman and artist * Danuta Czech (1922–2004), Polish Holocaust historian * Hermann Czech (born 1936), Austrian architect * Mirosław Czech (born 1968), Polish politician and journalist of Ukrainian origin * Zbigniew Czech (born 1970), Polish diplomat See also * Čech, a surname * Czech lands * Czechoslovakia * List of Czechs * * * Czechoslovak (other) * Czech Republic (other) * Czechia (other) Czechia is the official short form name of the Czech Republic. Czechia may also refer to: * Historical Czech lands * Czechoslovakia (1918–1993) *Czec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Ferdinand Von Beust
Count Friedrich Ferdinand von Beust (german: link=no, Friedrich Ferdinand Graf von Beust; 13 January 1809 – 24 October 1886) was a German and Austrian statesman. As an opponent of Otto von Bismarck, he attempted to conclude a common policy of the German middle states between Austria and Prussia. Birth and education Beust was born in Dresden, where his father held office in the Saxon court. He was descended from a noble family which had originally sprung from the Margraviate of Brandenburg, and descended from Joachim von Beust (1522–1597). After studying at Leipzig and Göttingen he entered the Saxon public service. Political career His initial political career was as a diplomat and politician in Saxony. In 1836 he was made secretary of legation at Berlin, and afterwards held appointments at Paris, Munich, and London. In March 1848 he was summoned to Dresden to take the office of foreign minister, but in consequence of the outbreak of the revolution was not appointed. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
