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Chôros Bis
''Chôros bis'', or ''Dois Chôros (bis)'' (Two Chôros encores), first published with the title in French, ''Deux Chôros (bis)'', is a two-movement duo for violin and cello by the Brazilian composer Heitor Villa-Lobos, peripherally related to his numbered series of fourteen ''Chôros''. A performance typically lasts between eight and nine minutes. History Villa-Lobos composed the ''Chôros bis'' in Paris in 1928–29, and they were first given a private reading on 29 June 1929 at the residence of Mme Frédéric Moreau in Paris, performed by Tony Close (violin) and André Asselin (cello) under the provisional title ''Duo (Chôros bis)''. The public premiere was given by the same performers on 14 March 1930 at the Salle Chopin, Paris, as part of the Festival de Musique Moderne, in a concert that also included the world premieres of the '' Quinteto (em forma de chôros)'', the ''Cirandas'' for piano, and the ''Chansons typiques brésiliennes''. The manuscript scores of the two mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heitor Villa-Lobos
Heitor Villa-Lobos (March 5, 1887November 17, 1959) was a Brazilian composer, conductor, cellist, and classical guitarist described as "the single most significant creative figure in 20th-century Brazilian art music". Villa-Lobos has become the best-known South American composer of all time. A prolific composer, he wrote numerous orchestral, chamber, instrumental and vocal works, totaling over 2000 works by his death in 1959. His music was influenced by both Brazilian folk music and stylistic elements from the European classical tradition, as exemplified by his ''Bachianas Brasileiras'' (Brazilian Bachian-pieces) and his Chôros. His Etudes for classical guitar (1929) were dedicated to Andrés Segovia, while his ''5 Preludes'' (1940) were dedicated to his spouse Arminda Neves d'Almeida, a.k.a. "Mindinha". Both are important works in the classical guitar repertory. Biography Youth and exploration Villa-Lobos was born in Rio de Janeiro. His father, Raúl, was a civil servant, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chôros
''Chôros'' is the title of a series of compositions by the Brazilian composer Heitor Villa-Lobos, composed between 1920 and 1929. Origin and conception The word ''chôro'' (; nowadays spelled simply ''choro'') is Portuguese for "weeping", "cry", and came to be the name used for music played by an ensemble of Brazilian street musicians (called ''chorões'') using both African and European instruments, who improvise in a free and often dissonant kind of counterpoint called ''contracanto''. In this context, the term does not refer to any definite form of composition, but rather includes a variety of Brazilian types. Villa-Lobos described the basic concept of his ''Chôros'' as a "brasilofonia"—an extension of the popular street-musicians' Choro, chôro to a pan-Brazilian synthesis of native folklore, both Indian and popular. The tenth work in the series is for mixed choir and large orchestra, and quotes at length from a popular song, originally composed as an instrumental schottisc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maurice Raskin
Maurice Raskin (1906 – 1984) was a Belgian violinist. Born in Liège, Raskin, a student of Édouard Nadaud (violin) and Lucien Capet (chamber music), was one of the best Belgian violinists of his time. During his exile in England during the Second World War, he founded the "Belgian London Quartet". Laureate of the International Fritz Kreisler Competition in 1928, he made a long career as a concert and chamber musician, documented also by numerous recordings, including those with the "Maurice Raskin Quartet". In 1928, his friend, composer Heitor Villa-Lobos, dedicated to him the second of his ''Chôros bis'' (W 227) and Jean Absil, his Chaconne for solo violin Op.69 (1949). Raskin had been a professor of chamber music at the Royal Conservatory of Brussels since 1936 and appointed violin teacher in 1939. He was appointed first violin teacher at the Maastricht Conservatory in 1956. Among his students were Francis Duroy, Georges Octors and Sigiswald Kuijken with his wife Marleen Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salle Pleyel
The Salle Pleyel (, meaning "Pleyel Hall") is a concert hall in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, France, designed by acoustician Gustave Lyon together with architect Jacques Marcel Auburtin, who died in 1926, and the work was completed in 1927 by his collaborators André Granet and Jean-Baptiste Mathon. Its varied programme includes contemporary and popular music. Until 2015, the hall was a major venue for classical orchestral music, with Orchestre de Paris and the Orchestre Philharmonique de Radio France as resident ensembles. Early history An earlier salle Pleyel seating 300 opened in December 1839 at 22 rue Rochechouart. From 1849 to 1869, impresario Charlotte Tardieu organized four chamber concerts a year at the hall. It saw the premieres of many important works, including Chopin's Ballade Op.38 and Scherzo Op.39 (April 26, 1841), Ballade Op.47 (February 21, 1842) and Barcarolle Op.60 (February 16, 1848), the second (1868) and fifth (1896) piano concertos by Saint-Saë ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quinteto (em Forma De Chôros)
The ''Quinteto (em forma de chôros)'' (French: Quintette (''en forme de chôros'') = Quintet (in the Form of a Chôros)) is a Chamber music, chamber-music composition by the Brazilian composer Heitor Villa-Lobos, written in 1928. Originally scored for five woodwind instruments (flute, oboe, cor anglais, clarinet, and bassoon), it is most often performed in an arrangement for the conventional wind quintet of flute, oboe, clarinet, horn, and bassoon. A performance lasts about eleven minutes. History Villa-Lobos composed the work in Paris in 1928, during the same period in which he was working on the series of fourteen ''Chôros''. The first manuscript fair-copy score is titled simply "Quintetto para flauta, oboé, corn'inglez, clarinete e fagote". The subtitle was added only after the premiere in 1930. Although it was not originally intended as part of the ''Chôros'' series, some writers (e.g. Neves, Wright, and Appleby have treated it as related. It was first performed on 14 March ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Introdução Aos Chôros
''Introdução aos Chôros'': Abertura (Introduction to the Chôros: Overture), is a composition for guitar and orchestra by the Brazilian composer Heitor Villa-Lobos, composed in 1929 as an overture to precede a complete performance of his series of fourteen ''Chôros ''Chôros'' is the title of a series of compositions by the Brazilian composer Heitor Villa-Lobos, composed between 1920 and 1929. Origin and conception The word ''chôro'' (; nowadays spelled simply ''choro'') is Portuguese for "weeping", "cry", ...''. A performance of just the ''Introdução'' lasts about thirteen minutes. History According to Villa-Lobos, a complete presentation of his series of ''Chôros'' should be preceded by the ''Introdução aos Choros'' and concluded by the duet for violin and cello called '' Chôros bis'', as a sort of encore. According to the official account, the ''Introdução aos Chôros'' was composed in Rio de Janeiro and Paris in 1929. Instrumentation The work is scored for so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pentatonic Scale
A pentatonic scale is a musical scale with five notes per octave, in contrast to the heptatonic scale, which has seven notes per octave (such as the major scale and minor scale). Pentatonic scales were developed independently by many ancient civilizations and are still used in various musical styles to this day. There are two types of pentatonic scales: those with semitones (hemitonic) and those without (anhemitonic). Types Hemitonic and anhemitonic Musicology commonly classifies pentatonic scales as either ''hemitonic'' or ''anhemitonic''. Hemitonic scales contain one or more semitones and anhemitonic scales do not contain semitones. (For example, in Japanese music the anhemitonic ''yo'' scale is contrasted with the hemitonic ''in'' scale.) Hemitonic pentatonic scales are also called "ditonic scales", because the largest interval in them is the ditone (e.g., in the scale C–E–F–G–B–C, the interval found between C–E and G–B). (This should not be confu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minor Seventh Chord
In music, a minor seventh chord is a seventh chord composed of a root note, together with a minor third, a perfect fifth, and a minor seventh (1, 3, 5, 7). For example, the minor seventh chord built on C, commonly written as C–7, has pitches C–E–G–B: : Minor/minor seventh chord A seventh chord with a minor third, perfect fifth, and minor seventh is commonly called a minor seventh chord, but also sometimes a minor/minor seventh chord to distinguish it from the minor/major seventh chord discussed below. It can be represented as either as m7 or −7, or in integer notation, . This chord occurs on different scale degrees in different diatonic scales: * In a major scale, it is on the supertonic, mediant, and submediant degrees (, , and ). This is why the ii in a ii–V–I turnaround is a minor seventh chord (ii7). * In a natural minor scale, it is on the tonic, subdominant, and dominant degrees (, , and ).Benward & Saker (2003). ''Music: In Theory ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Béla Bartók
Béla Viktor János Bartók (; ; 25 March 1881 – 26 September 1945) was a Hungarian composer, pianist, and ethnomusicologist. He is considered one of the most important composers of the 20th century; he and Franz Liszt are regarded as Hungary's greatest composers. Through his collection and analytical study of folk music, he was one of the founders of comparative musicology, which later became ethnomusicology. Biography Childhood and early years (1881–98) Bartók was born in the Banatian town of Nagyszentmiklós in the Kingdom of Hungary (present-day Sânnicolau Mare, Romania) on 25 March 1881. On his father's side, the Bartók family was a Hungarian lower noble family, originating from Borsodszirák, Borsod. His paternal grandmother was a Catholic of Bunjevci origin, but considered herself Hungarian. Bartók's father (1855–1888) was also named Béla. Bartók's mother, Paula (née Voit) (1857–1939), also spoke Hungarian fluently. A native of Turócszentmárton ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aeolian Mode
The Aeolian mode is a musical mode or, in modern usage, a diatonic scale also called the natural minor scale. On the white piano keys, it is the scale that starts with A. Its ascending interval form consists of a ''key note, whole step, half step, whole step, whole step, half step, whole step, whole step.'' That means that, in A aeolian (or A minor), you would play A, move up a whole step (two piano keys) to B, move up a half step (one piano key) to C, then up a whole step to D, a whole step to E, a half step to F, a whole step to G, and a final whole step to a high A. : History The word ''Aeolian'', like the names for the other ancient Greek ''tonoi'' and ''harmoniai'', is an ethnic designation: in this case, for the inhabitants of Aeolis (Αἰολίς)—the Aeolian Islands and adjacent coastal district of Asia Minor. In the music theory of ancient Greece, it was an alternative name (used by some later writers, such as Cleonides) for what Aristoxenus called the Low Lydian '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilfrid Mellers
Wilfrid Howard Mellers (26 April 1914 – 17 May 2008) was an English music critic, musicologist and composer. Early life Born in Leamington, Warwickshire, Mellers was educated at the local Leamington College and later won a scholarship to Downing College, Cambridge, where he read English under F. R. Leavis. He later lodged with the Leavises for three years while pursuing a Music degree. Mellers also took private composition lessons in Oxford from Egon Wellesz and Edmund Rubbra.East, Leslie, revised Gordon Rumson. 'Mellers, Wilfrid (Howard)', in ''Grove Music Online'' (2001) From 1938 he taught at Dartington Hall, and in September 1940 he married Vera Muriel Hobbs. He spent the Second World War working on the land as a conscientious objector.Dickinson, Peter.Mellers, Wilfrid Howard in ''The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (2013) Career After writing many articles for Leavis's journal ''Scrutiny'' since the September 1936 issue, he appeared on the editorial board of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compositions By Heitor Villa-Lobos
Composition or Compositions may refer to: Arts and literature * Composition (dance), practice and teaching of choreography *Composition (language), in literature and rhetoric, producing a work in spoken tradition and written discourse, to include visuals and digital space *Composition (music), an original piece of music and its creation * Composition (visual arts), the plan, placement or arrangement of the elements of art in a work * ''Composition'' (Peeters), a 1921 painting by Jozef Peeters * Composition studies, the professional field of writing instruction * ''Compositions'' (album), an album by Anita Baker * Digital compositing, the practice of digitally piecing together a video Computer science * Function composition (computer science), an act or mechanism to combine simple functions to build more complicated ones *Object composition, combining simpler data types into more complex data types, or function calls into calling functions History * Composition of 1867, Austro-Hung ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
