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Chorioactis Geaster
''Chorioactis'' is a genus of fungi that contains the single species ''Chorioactis geaster''. The mushroom is commonly known as the devil's cigar or the Texas star in the United States, while in Japan it is called . This extremely rare mushroom is notable for its unusual appearance and disjunct distribution; it is found only in select locales in Texas and Japan. The fruit body, which grows on the stumps or dead roots of cedar elms (in Texas) or dead oaks (in Japan), somewhat resembles a dark brown or black cigar before it splits open radially into a starlike arrangement of four to seven leathery rays. The interior surface of the fruit body bears the spore-bearing tissue known as the hymenium, and is colored white to brown, depending on its age. The fruit body opening can be accompanied by a distinct hissing sound and the release of a smoky cloud of spores. Fruit bodies were first collected in Austin, Texas, and the species was named ''Urnula geaster'' in 1893; later it was foun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finn-Egil Eckblad
Finn-Egil Eckblad (1923 – 2000) was a Norwegian mycologist. He took the Dr.philos. degree in 1968, was hired as a lecturer at the University of Bergen in 1971 and as a professor at the University of Oslo in 1979. He retired in 1990. He was the brother of the actress Edel Eckblad Edel Eckblad (26 May 1914 – 12 October 1994). Retrieved on 27 March 2009. was a Norwegian actress. She acted out of Studioteatret from 1945 to 1950 and Riksteatret from 1951 to 1963 and 1975 to her death. Between 1963 and 1975 she was freelancin .... References 1923 births 2000 deaths Norwegian mycologists University of Bergen faculty University of Oslo faculty 20th-century Norwegian botanists {{Norway-academic-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascus
An ascus (; ) is the sexual spore-bearing cell produced in ascomycete fungi. Each ascus usually contains eight ascospores (or octad), produced by meiosis followed, in most species, by a mitotic cell division. However, asci in some genera or species can occur in numbers of one (e.g. ''Monosporascus cannonballus''), two, four, or multiples of four. In a few cases, the ascospores can bud off conidia that may fill the asci (e.g. ''Tympanis'') with hundreds of conidia, or the ascospores may fragment, e.g. some ''Cordyceps'', also filling the asci with smaller cells. Ascospores are nonmotile, usually single celled, but not infrequently may be coenocytic (lacking a septum), and in some cases coenocytic in multiple planes. Mitotic divisions within the developing spores populate each resulting cell in septate ascospores with nuclei. The term ocular chamber, or oculus, refers to the epiplasm (the portion of cytoplasm not used in ascospore formation) that is surrounded by the "bourrelet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxonomy (biology)
In biology, taxonomy () is the scientific study of naming, defining ( circumscribing) and classifying groups of biological organisms based on shared characteristics. Organisms are grouped into taxa (singular: taxon) and these groups are given a taxonomic rank; groups of a given rank can be aggregated to form a more inclusive group of higher rank, thus creating a taxonomic hierarchy. The principal ranks in modern use are domain, kingdom, phylum (''division'' is sometimes used in botany in place of ''phylum''), class, order, family, genus, and species. The Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus is regarded as the founder of the current system of taxonomy, as he developed a ranked system known as Linnaean taxonomy for categorizing organisms and binomial nomenclature for naming organisms. With advances in the theory, data and analytical technology of biological systematics, the Linnaean system has transformed into a system of modern biological classification intended to reflect the evolu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Podophacidium
''Podophacidium'' is a genus of fungi in the family Dermateaceae that contains two species found in Europe and North America. The type species, originally called ''Podophacidium terrestre'' Niessl, is currently known as ''Podophacidium xanthomelum''. See also *List of Dermateaceae genera A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America * SC Germania List, German rugby union ... References Dermateaceae genera Dermateaceae {{Leotiomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urnula Craterium
''Urnula craterium'' is a species of cup fungus in the family Sarcosomataceae. It is parasitic on oak and various other hardwood species; it is also saprobic, as the fruit bodies develop on dead wood after it has fallen to the ground. Appearing in early spring, its distinctive goblet-shaped and dark-colored fruit bodies have earned it the common names devil's urn and the gray urn. The distribution of ''U. craterium'' includes eastern North America, Europe, and Asia. It produces bioactive compounds that can inhibit the growth of other fungi. The asexual (imperfect), or conidial stage of ''U. craterium'' is a plant pathogen known as ''Conoplea globosa'', which causes a canker disease of oak and several other hardwood tree species. History and taxonomy ''Urnula craterium'' was first described in 1822 by American botanist Lewis David de Schweinitz as ''Peziza craterium'', based on a specimen found in North Carolina. The species first appeared in the scientific literat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geopyxis Carbonaria
''Geopyxis carbonaria'' is a species of fungus in the genus '' Geopyxis'', family Pyronemataceae. First described to science in 1805, and given its current name in 1889, the species is commonly known as the charcoal loving elf-cup, dwarf acorn cup, stalked bonfire cup, or pixie cup. The small, goblet-shaped fruitbodies of the fungus are reddish-brown with a whitish fringe and measure up to across. They have a short, tapered stalk. Fruitbodies are commonly found on soil where brush has recently been burned, sometimes in great numbers. The fungus is distributed throughout many temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. It is found in Europe, Turkey, and North America. Although it is primarily a saprotrophic species, feeding on the decomposing organic matter remaining after a fire, it also forms biotrophic associations with the roots of Norway spruce. Taxonomy The fungus was first described scientifically in 1805 by Johannes Baptista von Albertini and Lewis David de Schwe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinrich Rehm
Heinrich Simon Ludwig Friedrich Felix Rehm (20 October 1828, Ederheim – 1 April 1916, Munich) was a German mycologist and lichenologist. He studied at the Universities of Erlangen, Munich and Heidelberg, earning his medical doctorate in 1852. During his career, he was a practicing physician in Dietenhofen (from 1854), Sugenheim (from 1857) and Windsheim (from 1871). In 1875, he became regional medical examiner in Lohr am Main.Biodiversity Heritage Library Taxonomic literature : a selective guide to botanical publications Publications (including published schedae ot his series) *Rehm, H. 1874. Ascomyceten Fasc. 5: 201-250 *----. 1875. Ascomyceten 6: 251-30 ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Discomycetes
Discomycetes is a former taxonomic class of Ascomycete fungi which contains all of the cup, sponge and brain fungi and some club-like fungi. It includes typical cup fungi like the scarlet elf cup and the orange peel fungus, and fungi with fruiting bodies of more unusual shape, such as morels, truffles and the swamp beacon. New taxonomic and molecular data fail to support the monophyly of the discomycetes. *A common feature of Discomycetes are the asci, which are typically produced on the surface of cup-like fruiting bodies. In most discomycetes, each ascus contains eight sexual spores that are forcibly discharged into the air when mature. *In modern classifications, the members of the obsolete class are included in Pezizomycetes, Lecanoromycetes, Leotiomycetes and Sordariomycetes. References {{reflist External links The Discomycetes projectat Harvard University Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Foun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geopyxis
''Geopyxis'' is a genus of fungi in the family Pyronemataceae. The genus has a widespread distribution. Molecular phylogenetic studies published in 2007 suggest that the genus is not monophyletic. Species , Index Fungorum lists 26 valid species (+1 discovered in 2016) of ''Geopyxis'': *'' Geopyxis acetabularioides'' *'' Geopyxis alba'' *'' Geopyxis albocinerea'' *'' Geopyxis alpina'' *'' Geopyxis bambusicola'' *''Geopyxis carbonaria ''Geopyxis carbonaria'' is a species of fungus in the genus '' Geopyxis'', family Pyronemataceae. First described to science in 1805, and given its current name in 1889, the species is commonly known as the charcoal loving elf-cup, dwarf acorn ...'' *'' Geopyxis carnea'' *'' Geopyxis cavinae'' *'' Geopyxis delectans'' (Starback) K.Hansen & X.H.Wang, 2016 *'' Geopyxis diluta'' *'' Geopyxis expallens'' *'' Geopyxis flavidula'' *'' Geopyxis foetida'' *'' Geopyxis granulosa'' *'' Geopyxis grossegranulosa'' *'' Geopyxis korfii'' *'' Geopyxis majali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urnula
''Urnula'' is a genus of cup fungi in the family Sarcosomataceae, circumscribed by Elias Magnus Fries in 1849. The genus contains several species found in Asia, Europe, Greenland, and North America. Sarcosomataceae fungi produce dark-colored (brown to black), shallow to deep funnel-shaped fruitbodies with or without a stipe, growing in spring. The type species of the genus is ''Urnula craterium'', commonly known as the devil's urn or the gray urn. ''Urnula'' species can grow as saprobes or parasites having an anamorphic state. The anamorphic form of ''U. craterium'' causes Strumella canker, on oak trees. Taxonomy Elias Magnus Fries circumscribed the new genus ''Urnula'' in 1849, and set what was then known as ''Peziza craterium'' as the type species. The genus name means "little urn"; the specific epithet is derived from the Latin '' cratera'', referring to a type of bowl used in antiquity. Description Imperfect states The life cycle of ''Urnula craterium'' allows for bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucien Marcus Underwood
Lucien Marcus Underwood (October 26, 1853 – November 16, 1907) was an American botanist and mycologist of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Early life and career He was born in New Woodstock, New York. He enrolled at Syracuse University in 1873 and graduated in 1877. He earned his masters in 1878 and finally and completed his PhD in 1879 under Alexander Winchell. During his graduate school, he taught at Cazenovia Seminary for two years. After a year's teaching at Hedding College, in 1880 he was appointed professor of geology and botany in Illinois Wesleyan University. In 1883, he was appointed professor of geology, botany, and zoology at Syracuse. In 1890, he accepted the Morgan Fellowship at Harvard University to study the Sullivant and Taylor collection of hepatics. In 1891 he became professor of botany in De Pauw University. In 1896, after one year stint as a biology professor at Alabama Polytechnic Institute (''Auburn''), Underwood became a professor of botany at Colu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teleomorph, Anamorph And Holomorph
In mycology, the terms teleomorph, anamorph, and holomorph apply to portions of the life cycles of fungi in the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota: *Teleomorph: the sexual reproductive stage (morph), typically a fruiting body. *Anamorph: an asexual reproductive stage (morph), often mold-like. When a single fungus produces multiple morphologically distinct anamorphs, these are called synanamorphs. *Holomorph: the whole fungus, including anamorphs and teleomorph. Dual naming of fungi Fungi are classified primarily based on the structures associated with sexual reproduction, which tend to be evolutionarily conserved. However, many fungi reproduce only asexually, and cannot easily be classified based on sexual characteristics; some produce both asexual and sexual states. These problematic species are often members of the Ascomycota, but a few of them belong to the Basidiomycota. Even among fungi that reproduce both sexually and asexually, often only one method of reproduction can be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
