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Chinese Character Forms
Chinese character forms () are the shapes and structures of Chinese characters. They are the physical carriers of written Chinese. Modern Chinese characters appear in the form of square blocks. There are two methods to analyze the forms of Chinese characters, ''source tracing analysis'' () and ''current status analysis'' (, ). Source tracing analysis is also called the method of character creation (). It takes the form of a character when it was created as the object of analysis. Current status (or current situation) analysis takes the current regular script standard form (, ) as the object. As an academic subject, ''modern Chinese characters'' pay more attention to current status analysis. Current status analysis studies how the writing units are combined level by level into a complete Chinese character. There are three levels of structural units of Chinese characters: ''strokes'' (), ''components'' (), and ''whole characters'' (). For example, character (character) is composed of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Chinese Characters
Modern Chinese characters () are the Chinese characters used in modern languages, including Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese. Chinese characters are composed of components, which are in turn composed of strokes. The 100 most frequently-used characters cover (i.e., having an accumulated frequency of) over 40% of modern Chinese texts. The 1000 most frequently-used characters cover approximately 90% of the texts. There are a variety of novel aspects of modern Chinese characters, including that of orthography, phonology, and semantics, as well as matters of collation and organization and statistical analysis, computer processing, and pedagogy. Background Historical development Since maturing as a complete writing system, Chinese characters have had an uninterrupted history of development over more than 3,000 years, with stages including * Oracle bone script, * Bronze script, * Seal script, * Clerical script, and * Regular script, leading to the modern written forms, as il ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stroke Number
Stroke number, or stroke count (), is the number of strokes of a Chinese character. It may also refer to the number of different strokes in a Chinese character set. Stroke number plays an important role in Chinese character sorting, teaching and computer information processing. Stroke numbers vary dramatically, for example, characters "丶", "一" and "乙" have only one stroke, while character "齉" has 36 strokes, and "龘" (three 龍s, dragons) 48 strokes. The Chinese character with the most strokes in the entire Unicode character set is "𪚥" (four 龍s) of 64 strokes. Stroke counting There are effective methods to count the strokes of a Chinese character correctly. First of all, stroke counting is to be carried out on the standard regular form (楷體, 楷体) of the character, and according to its stroke order, e.g., by writing the character stroke by stroke (in one's mind). On the same stroke, the tip of the pen can only move along a path once, not allowed to go back. Strok ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stroke Order
Stroke order is the order in which the strokes of a Chinese character (or Chinese derivative character) are written. A stroke is a movement of a writing instrument on a writing surface. Chinese characters are used in various forms in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean. They are known as ''Hanzi'' in (Mandarin) Chinese (Traditional form: ; Simplified form: ), ''kanji'' in Japanese (), and ''Hanja'' in Korean (). Basic principles Chinese characters are basically logograms constructed with strokes. Over the millennia a set of generally agreed rules have been developed by custom. Minor variations exist between countries, but the basic principles remain the same, namely that writing characters should be economical, with the fewest hand movements to write the most strokes possible. This promotes writing speed, accuracy, and readability. This idea is particularly important since as learners progress, characters often get more complex. Since stroke order also aids learning and memoriz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stroke-based Sorting
Stroke-based sorting, also called stroke-based ordering or stroke-based order, is one of the five sorting methods frequently used in modern Chinese dictionaries, the others being radical-based sorting, pinyin-based sorting, bopomofo and the four-corner method. In addition to functioning as an independent sorting method, stroke-based sorting is often employed to support the other methods. For example, in Xinhua Dictionary (新华字典), Xiandai Hanyu Cidian (现代汉语词典) and ''Oxford Chinese Dictionary'', stroke-based sorting is used to sort homophones in Pinyin sorting, while in radical-based sorting it helps to sort the radical list, the characters under a common radical, as well as the list of characters difficult to lookup by radicals. In stroke-based sorting, Chinese characters are ordered by different features of strokes, including stroke counts, stroke forms, stroke orders, stroke combinations, stroke positions, etc. Stroke-count sorting This method arranges cha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GB Stroke-based Sorting
The GB stroke-based order, full name GB13000.1 Character Set Chinese Character Order (Stroke-Based Order) (GB13000.1字符集汉字字序（笔画序）规范), is a standard released by the State Language Commission of China in 1999. It is the current national standard for stroke-based sorting, and has been applied to the arrangement of the ''List of Commonly Used Standard Chinese Characters'' (通用规范汉字表), and the new versions of ''Xinhua Zidian'' and ''Xiandai Hanyu Cidian'', etc. GB13000.1 is a Chinese national standard equivalent to the international standard of the Chinese character set of ISO/IEC 10646:1993, or Unicode 1.1. It is a large character set of 20,902 Chinese characters used in China, Japan and Korea (CJK). The standard of ''GB stroke-based order'' includes two parts: (a) the sorting rules, and (b) a table with all the CJK characters of GB13000.1 Character Set sorted in standard stroke-based order. Sorting rules The rules for sorting Chinese char ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
YES Sorting
The YES stroke alphabetical order (一二三漢字筆順排檢法), also called YES stroke-order sorting, briefly YES order or YES sorting, is a Chinese character sorting method based on a stroke alphabet and stroke orders. It is a simplified stroke-based sorting method free of stroke counting and grouping. "YES" in the English name is the acronym of "Yi Er San", the pinyin expression of the Chinese name. The Chinese name "Yi Er San" (一二三; literally "one, two, three") is in turn formed by the first three of all the Chinese characters in YES order (because stroke "一" lies at the top of the alphabet). YES order has been applied to the indexing of '' Xinhua Character Dictionary'' and '' Xiandai Hanyu Word Dictionary''. In this joint index the user can look up a Chinese character alphabetically to find its pinyin and Unicode, in addition to the page numbers in the two popular dictionaries. Stroke alphabet In the ''Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary'', the word ''alphabet' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stroke-based Order
Stroke-based sorting, also called stroke-based ordering or stroke-based order, is one of the five sorting methods frequently used in modern Chinese dictionaries, the others being radical-based sorting, pinyin-based sorting, bopomofo and the four-corner method. In addition to functioning as an independent sorting method, stroke-based sorting is often employed to support the other methods. For example, in Xinhua Dictionary (新华字典), Xiandai Hanyu Cidian (现代汉语词典) and ''Oxford Chinese Dictionary'', stroke-based sorting is used to sort homophones in Pinyin sorting, while in radical-based sorting it helps to sort the radical list, the characters under a common radical, as well as the list of characters difficult to lookup by radicals. In stroke-based sorting, Chinese characters are ordered by different features of strokes, including stroke counts, stroke forms, stroke orders, stroke combinations, stroke positions, etc. Stroke-count sorting This method arranges chara ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fonts
In metal typesetting, a font is a particular size, weight and style of a typeface. Each font is a matched set of type, with a piece (a " sort") for each glyph. A typeface consists of a range of such fonts that shared an overall design. In modern usage, with the advent of computer fonts, the term "font" has come to be used as a synonym for "typeface", although a typical typeface (or "font family") consists of a number of fonts. For instance, the typeface "Bauer Bodoni" (sample shown here) includes fonts " Roman" (or "Regular"), "Bold" and ''" Italic"''; each of these exists in a variety of sizes. The term "font" is correctly applied to any one of these alone but may be seen used loosely to refer to the whole typeface. When used in computers, each style is in a separate digital "font file". In both traditional typesetting and modern usage, the word "font" refers to the delivery mechanism of the typeface. In traditional typesetting, the font would be made from metal or wood type: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Character Sounds
Chinese character sounds ( zh, p=hànzì zìyīn, t=漢字字音, s=汉字字音) are the pronunciations of Chinese characters. The standard sounds of Chinese characters are based on the phonetic system of the Beijing dialect. Normally a Chinese character is read with one syllable. Some Chinese characters have more than one pronunciation (polyphonic characters). Some syllables correspond to more than one character (homophonic characters). Pronunciation standards of modern Chinese characters Commission on the Unification of Pronunciation and the Old National Pronunciation The common language of China was called ''Guanhua'' (Guānhuà, 官話, 官话, Official language) during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. ''Guanhua'' had no clear pronunciation standards and basically followed the traditional readings reflected in the official rhyme books (韵書, 韵书). At the end of the 19th century, influenced by Japan's Meiji Restoration, the new term ''Mandarin'' (guóyǔ, 國語, 国语, Nati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Character Meanings
Chinese character meanings () are the meanings of the morphemes the characters represent, including the original meanings, extended meanings and phonetic-loan meanings. Some characters only have single meanings, some have multiple meanings, and some share a common meaning. In modern Chinese, a character may represent a word, a morpheme in compound word, or a meaningless syllable combined with other syllables or characters to form a morpheme. A single-character word has a meaning equal to the meaning of the character. A multi-character word has a meaning that is usually derived from the meanings of the characters according to various processes of word formation. Character meanings and morphemes Morphemes are the minimal units of meaning in a language. Chinese characters are morpheme characters, and the meanings of Chinese characters come from the morphemes they record. Most Chinese characters represent only one morpheme, and in that case the meaning of the character is the meaning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Character Structures
Chinese character structures () are the patterns or rules in which the characters are formed by their writing units. There are two aspects of Chinese character structures: The ''external structures'' are on the writing strokes, components and whole characters as well as their structural relations on the pure dimension of character forms. The ''internal structures'' studies the relationship between the forms, sounds and meanings of Chinese characters. External structures ''Chinese character external structure'' is on how the writing units are combined level by level into a complete character. There are three levels of structural units of Chinese characters: ''strokes'', ''components'', and ''whole characters''. For example, character (character) is composed of two components, each of which is composed of three stokes: = 宀(㇔㇔㇇) + 子(㇇㇚㇐). Strokes ''Strokes'' () are the smallest building units of Chinese characters. When writing a Chinese character, the trace o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Chinese Characters
Modern Chinese characters () are the Chinese characters used in modern languages, including Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese. Chinese characters are composed of components, which are in turn composed of strokes. The 100 most frequently-used characters cover (i.e., having an accumulated frequency of) over 40% of modern Chinese texts. The 1000 most frequently-used characters cover approximately 90% of the texts. There are a variety of novel aspects of modern Chinese characters, including that of orthography, phonology, and semantics, as well as matters of collation and organization and statistical analysis, computer processing, and pedagogy. Background Historical development Since maturing as a complete writing system, Chinese characters have had an uninterrupted history of development over more than 3,000 years, with stages including * Oracle bone script, * Bronze script, * Seal script, * Clerical script, and * Regular script, leading to the modern written forms, as il ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
