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Chilean Corvette O'Higgins (1866)
In 1864 the Chilean government ordered the construction of two corvettes in Ravenhill, the ''O'Higgins'' and the ''Chacabuco''. Both corvettes were seized by the British authorities in order to enforce a neutrality provision in the impending state of war between Chile and Spain (Chincha Islands War, 1864-1866). In 1866 the countries reached an agreement in which Chile received the corvettes and Spain the ships ''Arapiles'' and ''Victoria''. In 1869, under the command of Manuel Blanco Encalada, the remains of Bernardo O'Higgins, first buried in Peru, were repatriated to Chile on board of the frigate that bore his name. In 1870, the ''O'Higgins'' went to Easter Island and performed the first topographic survey and scientific description of the island and acquired Rongorongo text I, the ''Santiago Staff''. The ship had an active role in the Naval Campaign of the War of the Pacific under the command of Jorge Montt and participated in the Capture of the Huáscar off Punta de Angam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naval Jack Of Chile
A navy, naval force, or maritime force is the branch of a nation's armed forces principally designated for naval and amphibious warfare; namely, lake-borne, riverine, littoral, or ocean-borne combat operations and related functions. It includes anything conducted by surface ships, amphibious ships, submarines, and seaborne aviation, as well as ancillary support, communications, training, and other fields. The strategic offensive role of a navy is projection of force into areas beyond a country's shores (for example, to protect sea-lanes, deter or confront piracy, ferry troops, or attack other navies, ports, or shore installations). The strategic defensive purpose of a navy is to frustrate seaborne projection-of-force by enemies. The strategic task of the navy also may incorporate nuclear deterrence by use of submarine-launched ballistic missiles. Naval operations can be broadly divided between riverine and littoral applications (brown-water navy), open-ocean applications (blu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rongorongo Text I
Text I of the rongorongo corpus, also known as the Santiago Staff, is the longest of the two dozen surviving rongorongo texts. Statistical analysis suggests that its contents are distinct from those of the other texts. Other names I is the standard designation, from Thomas Barthel, Barthel (1958). Fischer (1997) refers to it as RR10. Location ''Chilean National Museum of Natural History, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural,'' Santiago. Catalog # 5.499 (316). There are reproductions at th''Institut für Völkerkunde'' Tübingen (prior to 1989); Bishop Museum, Honolulu; ''Musées Royaux de Bruxelles,'' Belgium (as of 2008 temporarily housed in the ''Musée du Malgré Tout'' in Treignes); and in Steven Fischer's personal collection in Auckland. Physical description The 126-cm long staff is entirely covered with glyphs running along its length. It is round in cross-section, 5.7 cm in diameter at one end and 6.4 cm at the other (per Fischer; length 126.6 cm and circumf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steam Corvettes Of The Chilean Navy
Steam is a substance containing water in the gas phase, and sometimes also an aerosol of liquid water droplets, or air. This may occur due to evaporation or due to boiling, where heat is applied until water reaches the enthalpy of vaporization. Steam that is saturated or superheated is invisible; however, "steam" often refers to wet steam, the visible mist or aerosol of water droplets formed as water vapor condenses. Water increases in volume by 1,700 times at standard temperature and pressure; this change in volume can be converted into mechanical work by steam engines such as reciprocating piston type engines and steam turbines, which are a sub-group of steam engines. Piston type steam engines played a central role in the Industrial Revolution and modern steam turbines are used to generate more than 80% of the world's electricity. If liquid water comes in contact with a very hot surface or depressurizes quickly below its vapor pressure, it can create a steam explosion. Types ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Decommissioned Ships Of The Chilean Navy
The list of decommissioned ships of the Chilean Navy is mostly compiled from information given in the website of thChilean Navy It consists of over 500 ''historical units'' including ships of the Patria Vieja, prizes, fireships, armed merchant ships, auxiliary ships, capital ships and, of course, regular warships of the navy ranging from the capital ship to small torpedo boats and early wooden vessels. At the beginning, the Chilean Navy was almost entirely composed of merchant ships enlisted into naval service in time of war, hence the distinction between warships and merchant ships is often blurred and ships changed their status quickly and subtly. See also: * Ships under Chilean Letter of marque (in this article) * List of undelivered ships (in this article) * List of active ships of the Chilean Navy Key *Shipname - is a shortened form of the official name but includes the launch year (or commissioning year). Rank and titles of persons are not shown. *HCS - Hull classif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1891 Chilean Civil War
The Chilean Civil War of 1891 (also known as Revolution of 1891) was a civil war in Chile fought between forces supporting Congress and forces supporting the President, José Manuel Balmaceda from 16 January 1891 to 18 September 1891. The war saw a confrontation between the Chilean Army and the Chilean Navy, siding with the president and the congress, respectively. This conflict ended with the defeat of the Chilean Army and the presidential forces and President Balmaceda committing suicide as a consequence. In Chilean historiography the war marks the end of the Liberal Republic and the beginning of the Parliamentary Era. Causes The Chilean Civil War grew out of political disagreements between the president of Chile, José Manuel Balmaceda, and the Chilean congress. In 1889, the congress became distinctly hostile to the administration of Balmaceda, and the political situation became serious, at times threatening to involve the country in civil war. According to usage and c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Angamos
The Battle of Angamos ( es, Combate de Angamos) was a naval encounter of the War of the Pacific fought between the navies of Chile and Perú at Punta Angamos, on 8 October 1879. The battle was the culminating point of a naval campaign that lasted about five months in which the Chilean Navy had the sole mission of eliminating its Peruvian counterpart. In the struggle, two armored frigates, led by Commodore Galvarino Riveros Cárdenas and Navy Captain Juan José Latorre battered and later captured the Peruvian monitor ''Huáscar'', under Rear Admiral Miguel Grau Seminario. After the loss of the frigate ''Independencia'' at Punta Gruesa, Grau sought to challenge the outnumbering Chilean fleet adopting a harassing strategy, focused in inflicting as much damage as possible while avoiding a full scale engagement. As Grau evolved along the Pacific coast, he was chased by Admiral John Williams Rebolledo, who had been ordered to catch Grau no matter what. His failure cost him his commi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jorge Montt
Jorge Montt Álvarez (; April 26, 1845 – October 8, 1922) was a vice admiral in the Chilean Navy and president of Chile from 1891 to 1896.L.S. Rowe, "Passing of a Great Figure in Chilean History." ''Bulletin Pan American Union'' 55 (1922): 481+. Early life Born in Casablanca, Chile, He was a nephew of previous Chilean president Manuel Montt, and a cousin of future president Pedro Montt. After graduating from the naval academy in 1861, he served in the Chincha Islands War (1864-1866) and the War of the Pacific (1879-1883). He led the 1891 Chilean Civil War against President José Manuel Balmaceda to become provisional leader and eventually president in 1891. Presidency The close of the revolution against Balmaceda left the government of Chile in the hands of the junta under whose guidance the military and naval operations had been organized. Admiral Jorge Montt had been the head of this revolutionary committee, and he acted as president of the provisional government when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naval Campaign Of The War Of The Pacific
The Naval campaign of the War of the Pacific or ''Saltpeter war,'' was a naval campaign that took place from 1879 to 1884, involving Peru (as well as Bolivia), and Chile, undertaken in order to support land forces in the Atacama Desert. Although the conflict lasted until 1884, the primary naval engagements occurred between 1879 and 1880. Due to the rough terrain and few transport methods it was imperative to have control of the ports in order to have a good supply source in the region. It resulted in a successful campaign by Chile, and the success of their land campaigns eventually led to a Chilean victory, which cut off Bolivia's access to the coast. Navies and ships involved In 1879 Bolivia did not possess any ships, but on March 26, 1879, Bolivian President Hilarion Daza Groselle formally offered letters of marque to any ships willing to go to combat for Bolivia. Bolivia had not signed the Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law but the United States, Britain and France sto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Easter Island
Easter Island ( rap, Rapa Nui; es, Isla de Pascua) is an island and special territory of Chile in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, at the southeasternmost point of the Polynesian Triangle in Oceania. The island is most famous for its nearly 1,000 extant monumental statues, called ''moai'', which were created by the early Rapa Nui people. In 1995, UNESCO named Easter Island a World Heritage Site, with much of the island protected within Rapa Nui National Park. Experts disagree on when the island's Polynesian inhabitants first reached the island. While many in the research community cited evidence that they arrived around the year 800, there is compelling evidence presented in a 2007 study that places their arrival closer to 1200. The inhabitants created a thriving and industrious culture, as evidenced by the island's numerous enormous stone ''moai'' and other artifacts. However, land clearing for cultivation and the introduction of the Polynesian rat led to gradual deforest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernardo O'Higgins
Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme (; August 20, 1778 – October 24, 1842) was a Chilean independence leader who freed Chile from Spanish rule in the Chilean War of Independence. He was a wealthy landowner of Basque-Spanish and Irish ancestry. Although he was the second List of presidents of Chile, Supreme Director of Chile (1817–1823), he is considered one of Chile's founding fathers, as he was the first holder of this title to head a fully independent Chilean state. He was Captain general, Captain General of the Chilean Army, Brigadier general, Brigadier of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata, General officer, General Officer of Gran Colombia and Grand Marshal of Peru. Early life Bernardo O'Higgins, a member of the O'Higgins family, was born in the Chilean city of Chillán in 1778, the illegitimate son of Ambrosio O'Higgins, 1st Marquis of Osorno, a Spanish officer born in County Sligo, Ireland, who became governor of Chile and later viceroy of Peru. His mother was Isa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Blanco Encalada
Manuel José Blanco y Calvo de Encalada (; April 21, 1790 – September 5, 1876) was a vice-admiral in the Chilean Navy, a political figure, and Chile's first President (Provisional) (1826). Biography Born in Buenos Aires which was the capital of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, Blanco Encalada was the son of the Spanish Manuel Lorenzo Blanco Cicerón and of the Chilean Mercedes Calvo de Encalada y Recabarren. He was trained for the navy in Spain. Later, during the Chilean War of Independence, he joined the Chilean forces, where he served with distinction under Lord Cochrane and rose to rank of Vice-Admiral and commander of the Chilean forces in (1825), where he participated in the capture of Chiloé. The following year, Congress elected him to the newly established position of President of the Republic. He soon had several fights with Congress, which was trying to install a federalist system, and resigned within two months. Later, he joined the wars against the Per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chincha Islands War
The Chincha Islands War, also known as Spanish–South American War ( es, Guerra hispano-sudamericana), was a series of coastal and naval battles between Spain and its former colonies of Peru, Chile, Ecuador, and Bolivia from 1865 to 1879. The conflict began with Spain's seizure of the guano-rich Chincha Islands in one of a series of attempts by Spain, under Isabella II, to reassert its influence over its former South American colonies. The war saw the use of ironclads, including the Spanish ship '' Numancia'', the first ironclad to circumnavigate the world. Background Military expenditures were greatly increased during Isabella's reign and Spain rose to a position as the world's fourth naval power. In the 1850s and 1860s Spain engaged in colonial adventures all over the world, including Morocco, Philippines, Mexico, and the Dominican Republic, the last of which it briefly reoccupied. At the end of 1862, Spain sent a scientific expedition to South American waters with the co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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