|
Charles, Prince Of La Roche-sur-Yon
Charles de Bourbon, Prince de la Roche-sur-Yon, (-10 October 1565), was a Prince of the Blood and provincial governor under three French kings. He fought in the latter Italian wars during the reign of Henri II, commanding an army during the 1554 campaign into the Spanish Netherlands. Upon the death of Henri II in 1559, he found himself gaining favour under the insecure Guise regime, who were keen to ensure they had the support of the princes. La Roche-sur-Yon was granted first a place on their council, and with the regime battered by the Conspiracy of Amboise he was granted a super-governorship centred on the Duchy of Orléans. Governing his charge with a moderate religious policy, Catherine de Medici was keen to court him when she assumed the regency for her young son Charles IX upon the premature death of François II. Receiving the governorship of the city of Paris in 1561 he again demonstrated his tolerance of Protestantism allowing ''prêches'' to occur without the inte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Bourbon-Montpensier
The House of Bourbon-Montpensier or ''Maison de Bourbon-Montpensier'' was a semi royal family. The name of Bourbon comes from a marriage between Marie de Valois, comtesse de Montpensier (1375–1434) who married Jean de Bourbon - the duc de Bourbon. The second name of Montpensier, comes from the title of the family. The Bourbon-Montpensier family were the founders of the vast wealth that would later be enjoyed by the House of Orléans and their cousins the Bourbon-Penthièvres. History The main line was founded by a marriage between John I, Duke of Bourbon and Marie de Valois, comtesse de Montpensier. The title was transferred down the line, mainly by females. The most famous examples of holders of the title of ''duc de Montpensier'' were: # Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, ''duchesse de Montpensier'' (''La Grande Mademoiselle'') # Philippe II d'Orléans, duc d'Orléans, ''duc de Montpensier'' # Louis Philippe II d'Orléans, duc d'Orléans, ''duc de Montpensier'' This semi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assassination Of The Duke Of Guise (1563)
The Assassination of the Duke of Guise by the Huguenot Jean de Poltrot at the Siege of Orléans in 1563 represents a critical turning point in the French Wars of Religion. It would be the first major assassination in what would become a blood feud between the various aristocratic houses which would see the deaths of Louis, Prince of Condé and the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre follow. It also proved a decisive factor in bringing the first War of Religion to a close in the Edict of Amboise. Background The Guise and their Governance The Guise family, led by Francis, Duke of Guise and his brother Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine represented one of the most powerful noble families in France. The family was elevated to the peerage during the reign of Henry II, whose council they would grow to dominate by his death in 1559. With the beginning of the reign of the young Francis II the Guise quickly moved to consolidate control over the administration and crown finance, exerting a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elisabeth Of Valois
Elisabeth of France or Elisabeth of Valois ( es, Isabel de Valois; french: Élisabeth de France) (2 April 1545 – 3 October 1568) was Queen of Spain as the third spouse of Philip II of Spain. She was the eldest daughter of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici. Early life Elisabeth was born in the Château de Fontainebleau. She was raised under the supervision of the governor and governess of the royal children, Jean d'Humières and Françoise d'Humières. Elisabeth's childhood was spent in the French royal nursery, where her father insisted she share her bedroom with her future sister-in-law, Mary, Queen of Scots, who was about three years older. Although Elisabeth had to give precedence to Mary (since Mary was already a crowned queen), the two would remain close friends for the rest of their lives. Her lady-in-waiting, Claude de Vineulx, accompanied her to Spain and often wrote reports of Elisabeth's health to Catherine. She was described as being shy, timid and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles De Bourbon (cardinal)
Charles de Bourbon (22 September 1523 – 9 May 1590) was a French cardinal. The Catholic League considered him the rightful King of France as Charles X after the death of Henry III in 1589. His claim was recognized as part of the secret Treaty of Joinville concluded between Philip II of Spain and the League. Biography He was born at La Ferté-sous-Jouarre, in what is now the department of Seine-et-Marne, the eighth child of Charles IV de Bourbon, duke of Vendôme. His mother was Françoise d'Alençon. Charles made a rapid career in the Roman Catholic hierarchy. He was bishop of Nevers (1540–1545), bishop of Saintes (1545–1550, elevated to cardinal in 1548), archbishop of Rouen (1550–1590), bishop of Nantes (1550–1554), Papal legate in Avignon (1565–1590) and bishop of Beauvais (1569–1575). Following the massacre at Wassy and with tensions rising between Guise and Conde forces in Paris, Catherine de' Medici appointed him governor of Paris. Charles attempted to ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François II Of France
Francis II (french: François II; 19 January 1544 – 5 December 1560) was King of France from 1559 to 1560. He was also King consort of Scotland as a result of his marriage to Mary, Queen of Scots, from 1558 until his death in 1560. He ascended the throne of France at age 15 after the accidental death of his father, Henry II, in 1559. His short reign was dominated by the first stirrings of the French Wars of Religion. Although the royal age of majority was 14, his mother, Catherine de' Medici, entrusted the reins of government to his wife Mary's uncles from the House of Guise, staunch supporters of the Catholic cause. They were unable to help Catholics in Scotland against the progressing Scottish Reformation, however, and the Auld Alliance was dissolved. Francis was succeeded by two of his brothers in turn, both of whom were also unable to reduce tensions between Protestants and Catholics. Childhood and education (1544–1559) Francis was born 11 years after his pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François, Duke Of Guise
Francis de Lorraine II, the first Prince of Joinville, also Duke of Guise and Duke of Aumale (french: François de Lorraine; 17 February 1519 – 24 February 1563), was a French general and statesman. A prominent leader during the Italian War of 1551–1559 and French Wars of Religion, he was assassinated during the siege of Orleans in 1563. Early life Born in Bar-le-Duc (Lorraine), Guise was the son of Claude, Duke of Guise (created Duke of Guise in 1527), and his wife Antoinette de Bourbon. His sister, Mary of Guise, was the wife of James V of Scotland and mother of Mary, Queen of Scots. His younger brother was Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine. He was the youthful cousin of Henry II of France, with whom he was raised, and by birth a prominent individual in France, though his detractors emphasised his "foreign" origin (he was a ''prince étranger''), namely the Duchy of Lorraine. In 1545, he was seriously wounded at the Second Siege of Boulogne, but recovered. He was struck with a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Renty
Renty (; vls, Renteke) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France. Geography Renty lies about 13 miles (21 km) southwest of Saint-Omer, on the D129 road, by the banks of the river Aa. Population Places of interest * Two churches, dating from the seventeenth century. * The ruins of the castle of Renty, destroyed in 1638. The Battle of Renty (August 13th, 1554) Henry II of France inherited his father's fight against Charles Quint. After the failure of a peace trip to Germany, his armies occupied Metz, Toul and Verdun in order to consolidate the north-east border of France. In June 1554, Renty, a small village with a solid castle was in the hands of Spanish imperial troops. At noon, the French artillery began firing at Renty Castle. The siege lasted until August 15. The castle was restored in 1630 but was destroyed eight years later in August 1638, during the Thirty Years War, by Marshal Châtillon. There are still traces of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François I, Duke Of Nevers
François I de Clèves, (2 September 1516 – 13 February 1561) was a French Prince étranger and military commander during the Italian Wars. He was the first duke of Nevers, his county being elevated to a duchy in 1539. In deference to the large amount of land he held in Champagne, and further lands he was set to inherit there from his mother on her death he was made governor of Champagne in 1545. Upon the ascent of Henri II he would involve himself deeply in the kings ambitions for resuming the Italian Wars. He fought at the decisive victory of the siege of Metz in 1552. In 1554 he was granted the honour of leading one of the three royal armies that invaded Artois, and in the following campaign was with François, Duke of Guise's small force when it won a surprising victory against the main imperial army under Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. He assisted in the salvage of French forces after the disaster at Saint-Quentin and assisted in the successful defence of Thionville ag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anne De Montmorency
Anne, Duke of Montmorency, Honorary Knight of the Garter (15 March 1493, Chantilly, Oise12 November 1567, Paris) was a French soldier, statesman and diplomat. He became Marshal of France and Constable of France and served five kings. Early life Montmorency was born at Chantilly to William of Montmorency and Anne St. Pol. His father had a senior status in the household of Francis, Count of Angoulême (the future King Francis I). Montmorency first saw military action at the battle of Ravenna in 1512. Reign of Francis I When Francis acceded to the French throne in January 1515, Montmorency became an influential member of his court. When the king reasserted the French claim to Milan the same year, Montmorency followed his king into Italy and distinguished himself at Marignano. Montmorency was named captain of the Bastille in 1516 and became governor of Novara. In 1518 he was one of the hostages in England for Francis I's debt to Henry VIII for the city of Tournai. He returned to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles V, french: Charles Quint, it, Carlo V, nl, Karel V, ca, Carles V, la, Carolus V (24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria from 1519 to 1556, King of Spain (Crown of Castile, Castile and Crown of Aragon, Aragon) from 1516 to 1556, and Lord of the Netherlands as titular Duke of Burgundy from 1506 to 1555. He was heir to and then head of the rising House of Habsburg during the first half of the 16th century, his dominions in Europe included the Holy Roman Empire, extending from Kingdom of Germany, Germany to Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire), northern Italy with direct rule over the Austrian hereditary lands and the Burgundian Low Countries, and Habsburg Spain, Spain with its southern Italy, southern Italian possessions of Kingdom of Naples, Naples, Kingdom of Sicily, Sicily, and Kingdom of Sardinia, Sardinia. He oversaw both the continuation of the long-lasting Spanish colonization of the Americas and the short-live ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis, Duke Of Montpensier
Louis de Bourbon, Duc de Montpensier (10 June 1513 – 23 September 1582) was the second Duke of Montpensier, a French Prince of the Blood, military commander and governor. He began his military career during the Italian Wars, and in 1557 was captured after the disastrous battle of Saint-Quentin. His liberty restored he found himself courted by the new regime as it sought to steady itself and isolate its opponents in the wake of the Conspiracy of Amboise. At this time Montpensier supported liberalising religious reform, as typified by the Edict of Amboise he was present for the creation of. The Guise administration granted him a large super-governorship centred on the Duchy of Anjou in 1560, a territory he would govern for the next five years before handing it over to his son in 1565. By 1561 he was becoming increasingly alienated from the crowns religious policy and moved into opposition with Anne de Montmorency and François, Duke of Guise. As France fell into the French Wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bertrand-Rambaud De Simiane
Bertrand-Rambaud V de Simiane, baron de Gordes (-) was a French military commander and lieutenant-general of Dauphiné. First achieving prominence during the latter Italian Wars of Henri II he fought in the Piedmont campaign of 1552, becoming governor of Mondovì a post which he would hold until 1556. He fought in the famous Metz campaign of late 1552 and would go on to serve in the disastrous Picardy campaign. With peace declared in 1559 he found himself achieving further advancement under the young king Charles IX receiving the Order of Saint-Michel in 1561, and then being elevated to Lieutenant-General of Dauphiné in 1564, replacing the disgraced Laurent de Maugiron. Far more moderate religiously than Maugiron he sought to govern the religiously contentious region through a greater deal of compromise. When civil war resumed in 1567 he was initially successful, but the combined forces of the Protestant nobles in the region forced him to retreat to Lyon. With baron des Adrets ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
