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Cardinals Created By Pius XII
Pope Pius XII () created 56 cardinals in two consistories. On both occasions Pius tried to bring the membership of the College of Cardinals to 70, the maximum established by Pope Sixtus V in 1586. The death of one cardinal meant his first consistory brought the College to 69 members, but his second consistory, through the prompt addition of another name after a cardinal-designate died, brought the number of cardinals to 70. Pius was elected in 1939 by a papal conclave in which 62 cardinals participated. The Second World War forced him to wait until 1946 to hold a consistory to create cardinals. He then waited seven years as the membership of the College fell to 46 before holding another consistory in 1953, and it had fallen to 53 when he died five and a half years later without holding another consistory. Pius' cardinals included Angelo Roncalli, who succeeded him as Pope John XXIII. He created the first native-born Australian cardinal, and the first cardinals from Chile, China, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cardinals Created By Leo X
Pope Leo X (r. 1513–1521) created 42 new cardinals in eight consistories. 23 September 1513 All the new cardinals received their titles on 29 September 1513. # Lorenzo Pucci, bishop of Melfi – cardinal-priest of SS. IV Coronati, then cardinal-bishop of Albano (15 June 1524), cardinal-bishop of Palestrina (24 July 1524), † 16 September 1531 # Giulio de’ Medici, cousin of the Pope, archbishop of Florence – cardinal-deacon of S. Maria in Domnica, then cardinal-priest of S. Clemente (2 June 1517), cardinal-priest of S. Lorenzo in Damaso (6 July 1517), became Pope Clement VII on 19 November 1523, † 25 September 1534 # Bernardo Dovizi – cardinal-deacon of S. Maria in Portico, † 1 November 1520 # Innocenzo Cybo, nephew of the Pope – cardinal-deacon of SS. Cosma e Damiano, then cardinal-deacon of S. Maria in Domica (26 June 1517), cardinal-deacon of S. Maria in Via Lata (28 February 1550), † 1 April 1550 10 September 1515 # Thomas Wolsey, archbishop of York ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benedetto Aloisi Masella
Benedetto Aloisi Masella (29 June 1879 – 30 September 1970) was an Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as prefect of the Discipline of the Sacraments from 1954 to 1968, and as chamberlain of the Roman Church (or camerlengo) from 1958 until his death. Aloisi Masella was elevated to the cardinalate in 1946 by Pope Pius XII, whom he designated to canonically crown Our Lady of Fatima. Biography Born in Pontecorvo, Benedetto Aloisi Masella attended the seminary in Ferentino before going to Rome, where he studied at the Pontifical Gregorian University, Pontifical Roman Athenaeum S. Apollinare, and the Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy. He was ordained to the priesthood on 1 June 1902 and then served as private secretary to his uncle, Cardinal Gaetano Aloisi Masella, the pro-datary of the pope. Entering the Roman Curia, in the Secretariat of State, in 1906, Aloisi Masella then began work for the Nunciature to Portugal (secretary, 1908–1910; '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grégoire-Pierre Agagianian
Gregorio Pietro XV Agagianian (; anglicized: ''Gregory Peter''; Western hy, Գրիգոր Պետրոս ԺԵ. Աղաճանեան, ''Krikor Bedros ŽĒ. Aghajanian''; born Ghazaros Aghajanian, 15 September 1895 – 16 May 1971) was an Armenian cardinal of the Catholic Church. He was the head of the Armenian Catholic Church (as Patriarch of Cilicia) from 1937 to 1962 and supervised the Catholic Church's missionary work for more than a decade, until his retirement in 1970. He was considered ''papabile'' on two occasions. Educated in Tiflis and Rome, Agagianian first served as leader of the Armenian Catholic community of Tiflis before the Bolshevik takeover of the Caucasus in 1921. He then moved to Rome, where he first taught and then headed the Pontifical Armenian College until 1937 when he was elected to lead the Armenian Catholic Church, which he revitalized after major losses the church had experienced during the Armenian genocide. Agagianian was elevated to the cardinalat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John J
John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second Epistle of John, often shortened to 2 John * Third Epistle of John, often shortened to 3 John People * John the Baptist (died c. AD 30), regarded as a prophet and the forerunner of Jesus Christ * John the Apostle (lived c. AD 30), one of the twelve apostles of Jesus * John the Evangelist, assigned author of the Fourth Gospel, once identified with the Apostle * John of Patmos, also known as John the Divine or John the Revelator, the author of the Book of Revelation, once identified with the Apostle * John the Presbyter, a figure either identified with or distinguished from the Apostle, the Evangelist and John of Patmos Other people with the given name Religious figures * John, father of Andrew the Apostle and Saint Peter * Pope Joh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Guevara
Juan Gualberto Guevara B.A. J.C.D. (12 July 1882 – 27 November 1954) was created on 18 February 1946 a Cardinal Priest by Pope Pius XII. He was Archbishop of Lima in the Roman Catholic Church. He was the first Cardinal of Peru. Biography Early life and education He was born in ''Villa de Vitor'' in the Archdiocese of Arequipa. Educated at the Seminary of San Jerónimo, Arequipa and University of San Agustin. Graduated in 1912 with a Bachelor of Arts degree. Finally went to the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome, where in 1922 he earned a doctorate in canon law. Priesthood He was ordained on 2 June 1906 in Arequipa and worked as a parish priest from 1906 until 1910 in Arica, nowadays in Chile. He was expelled by the Chilean Government when it claimed the province that he was working in. He became Vice-rector of the Seminary of Arequipa, in 1910, where he stayed for ten years until 1920. He was named sacristan of the cathedral of Arequipa 1916 - 1920. He worked as staff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Influenza
Influenza, commonly known as "the flu", is an infectious disease caused by influenza viruses. Symptoms range from mild to severe and often include fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pain, headache, coughing, and fatigue. These symptoms begin from one to four days after exposure to the virus (typically two days) and last for about 2–8 days. Diarrhea and vomiting can occur, particularly in children. Influenza may progress to pneumonia, which can be caused by the virus or by a subsequent bacterial infection. Other complications of infection include acute respiratory distress syndrome, meningitis, encephalitis, and worsening of pre-existing health problems such as asthma and cardiovascular disease. There are four types of influenza virus, termed influenza viruses A, B, C, and D. Aquatic birds are the primary source of Influenza A virus (IAV), which is also widespread in various mammals, including humans and pigs. Influenza B virus (IBV) and Influenza C virus (ICV) pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Arteaga Y Betancourt
Manuel Arteaga y Betancourt (December 28, 1879 – March 20, 1963) was a Cuban prelate of the Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Havana from 1941 to 1963. He raised to the rank of cardinal in 1946. Biography He was born in Camagüey, Cuba, to Rosendo Arteaga Montejo and his wife Delia Betancourt Guerra. Baptized Manuel Francisco del Corazon de Jesus on April 17, 1880, by Father Vigilio Arteaga, he was confirmed by Archbishop José María Martín de Herrera y de la Iglesia on November 17, 1882. His paternal uncle, the priest Ricardo Arteaga Montejo, who had emigrated to Venezuela for political reasons, took Manuel there in 1892. Arteaga obtained his bachelor's in philosophy on June 15, 1898, from Universidad Central de Venezuela, and entered a Capuchin convent in Caracas in 1900. For reasons of health, he left the convent and entered the Seminary of Santa Rosa de Lima in Caracas on April 12, 1901. Arteaga was ordained to the priesthood by Archbishop Juan Bautista C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José María Caro Rodríguez
José María Caro Rodríguez (June 23, 1866 – December 4, 1958) was a Chilean Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Santiago from 1939 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1946 by Pope Pius XII. Biography Early life and ordination José María Caro was born in Los Valles, San Fernando department, in current Pichilemu commune, as the fourth of the nine children of José María Caro Martínez, former Mayor of Pichilemu, and his wife Rita Rodríguez Cornejo. After attending a local school, he entered the seminary in Santiago in 1881. Caro then went to Rome in 1887, studying at the Pontifical Collegio Pio-Latinoamericano and the Pontifical Gregorian University until 1891. Ordained to the priesthood on December 20, 1890, he returned to Chile in October 1891 and then taught preparatory studies and philosophy at the Santiago seminary. Pastoral work Caro carried out his pastoral ministry in several chaplaincies, hospitals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
József Mindszenty
József Mindszenty (; 29 March 18926 May 1975) was a Hungarian cardinal of the Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Esztergom and leader of the Catholic Church in Hungary from 1945 to 1973. According to the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', for five decades "he personified uncompromising opposition to fascism and communism in Hungary". During World War II, he was imprisoned by the pro-Nazi Arrow Cross Party. After the war, he opposed communism and communist persecution in his country. As a result, he was tortured and given a life sentence in a 1949 show trial that generated worldwide condemnation, including a United Nations resolution. After eight years in prison, Mindszenty was freed in the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 and granted political asylum by the United States embassy in Budapest. He lived there for the next fifteen years. He was finally allowed to leave the country in 1971, and died in exile in 1975 in Vienna, Austria. Early life and career Mindszenty was born on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jules-Géraud Saliège
Jules-Géraud Saliège (24 February 1870 – 5 November 1956) was a French Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Toulouse from 1928 until his death, and was a significant figure in Catholic resistance to Nazism in France. He was elevated to the cardinalate in 1946 by Pope Pius XII. For his efforts to protect Jews during the Nazi Holocaust he was recognised as Righteous among the Nations by Yad Vashem. Biography Born in Saint-Flour, Jules-Géraud Saliège studied at the Seminary of Saint-Sulpice in Paris before being ordained to the priesthood on 21 September 1895. He then taught at the minor seminary in Pleaux until 1903, and at the seminary in Saint-Flour from 1903 to 1907, when he was named its rector. He was made an honorary canon of the cathedral chapter of Saint-Flour on 14 September 1905, before becoming an honorary vicar general on 31 March 1918. During World War I, he served as a military chaplain. On 29 October 1925, Saliège was appoint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johannes De Jong
Johannes de Jong (September 10, 1885 – September 8, 1955) was a Dutch Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Utrecht from 1936 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1946 by Pope Pius XII. Early life and ordination Johannes de Jong was born in Nes, a village on the island of Ameland, as the eldest of nine children of Jan de Jong, a baker, and his wife Trijntje Mosterman. After attending the minor seminary in Culemborg from 1898 to 1904, de Jong then studied at the Seminary of Rijsenburg for four years. He was ordained to the priesthood on August 15, 1908, and further studied at the Pontifical Gregorian University and the Angelicum in Rome, obtaining his doctorates in philosophy and theology. His two youngest brothers, Julius (1896-1923) and Wiebren (1898-1962) were also priests. Priest De Jong did pastoral work in Amersfoort, including work with the Sisters of Mercy, until 1914, when he was made a professor at the Rijsenburg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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