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Cannabis In Algeria
Cannabis in Algeria is mostly illegal, although widely consumed. Under Law No. 04-18 ''13 Dhou El Kaada 1425'' (25th December 2004), and enforcement decree No. 07-228 ''15 Rajab 1428'' (July 30th, 2007), cultivation, commerce, and possession are forbidden, except for medical purposes, subject to prior authorization by the Minister of Health. History Cannabis is believed to have been introduced to Algeria by the Arab invasions of the 9th through 12th centuries. Cannabis use in Algeria also played a role in spreading the habit to France, following France's 1830 occupation of Algeria. Dr. Jacques-Joseph Moreau observed the effects of cannabis in Algeria in the form of an edible called ''dawamesc'', and it was this drug that he introduced to Paris' Club des Hashischins. In 1854, John Morell wrote of his travels in Algeria: ''In Algeria they apply the names of kif, of hachich, and sometimes of tekrouri, to the extremity of the stem of the hemp, including the leaves, the flowers, and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UNODC
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC; French: ''Office des Nations unies contre la drogue et le crime'') is a United Nations office that was established in 1997 as the Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention by combining the United Nations International Drug Control Program (UNDCP) and the Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Division in the United Nations Office at Vienna and was renamed the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime in 2002. The agency's focus is the trafficking in and abuse of illicit drugs, crime prevention and criminal justice, international terrorism, and political corruption. It is a member of the United Nations Development Group. In 2016–2017 it had an estimated biannual budget of US$700 million. History The United Nations International Drug Control Program (UNDCP) and the Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Division in the United Nations Office at Vienna were merged to form the Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention. This wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques-Joseph Moreau
Jacques-Joseph Moreau (3 June 1804 – 26 June 1884), nicknamed "Moreau de Tours", was a French psychiatrist and member of the Club des Hashischins. Moreau was the first physician to do systematic work on drugs' effects on the central nervous system, and to catalogue, analyze, and record his observations. Works After a long trip (1836–1840) in the Orient, he discovered the effect of hashish. He studied it in order to understand the relation between madness and dreams, which are similar deliriums, according to Moreau. He was the author of the 184''Du Hachisch et de l'aliénation mentale'' later translated into English and published as ''Hashish and Mental Illness''. He was the first doctor to publish a work about a drug and its effect on the central nervous system.Hans Bangen: ''Geschichte der medikamentösen Therapie der Schizophrenie.'' Berlin 1992, Page 22. "In an era which finally viewed the human psyche in a natural humanist terms rather than as the uncontrollable s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dawamesc
Dawamesc is a cannabis edible found in Algeria and some other Arab countries, made of cannabis tops combined with: "sugar, orange juice, cinnamon, cloves, cardamon, nutmeg, musk, pistachios, and pine nuts." The edible played a role in popularizing cannabis in Europe, as it was this preparation of the drug which Dr. Jacques-Joseph Moreau observed during his travels in Northern Africa, and that he introduced to Paris' Club des Hashischins. References Cannabis foods Cannabis in Algeria Arab cuisine Algerian cuisine {{cannabis-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Club Des Hashischins
The Club des Hashischins (sometimes also spelled Club des Hashishins or Club des Hachichins, "Club of the Hashish-Eaters") was a Parisian group dedicated to the exploration of drug-induced experiences, notably with hashish.Levinthal, C. F. (2012). ''Drugs, behavior, and modern society''. (6th ed.). Boston: Pearson College Div. Members included Victor Hugo, Alexandre Dumas, Charles Baudelaire, Gérard de Nerval, Honoré de Balzac, Paul Verlaine, and Arthur Rimbaud. Club's origins Several drugs like hashish and opium were increasingly well known in Europe by the beginning of the nineteenth century. At that time, recreational use of these drugs was widespread among scientific and literary circles. The Armée d'Orient, along with a contingent of 151 scientists and anthropologists from the Commission des Sciences et des Arts, brought quantities of hashish home with them from Napoleon's expedition to Egypt. The French conquest of Algeria of 1830 to 1847 further increased the popul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Morell
John Morell (17 February 1733–c. 1776) was an American merchant, planter, and slaveholder. John Morell was born to Peter Morel, of Zurich, Switzerland, in 1733 in Savannah, Georgia. He married Mary Anne Bourquin, daughter of Henri Francois and Marie Bourquin in 1755. Together they had five children: Peter (1757), John (1759), Mary (1761), Henry, Susannah (1765). After the death of Mary Anne, Morell married Mary Bryan, daughter of Jonathan Bryan and Mary Williamson. With Mary Bryan, Morell had six children: Elizabeth (1767-1769), Bryan, Isaac (1770-1777), Esther (1772), Anne (1774), Hannah. At the time of his death, his estate included 155 enslaved people, which he did not manumit Manumission, or enfranchisement, is the act of freeing enslaved people by their enslavers. Different approaches to manumission were developed, each specific to the time and place of a particular society. Historian Verene Shepherd states that t .... Instead these people were inherited, along wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Algeria
French Algeria (french: Alger to 1839, then afterwards; unofficially , ar, الجزائر المستعمرة), also known as Colonial Algeria, was the period of French colonisation of Algeria. French rule in the region began in 1830 with the invasion of Algiers and lasted until the end of the Algerian War of Independence in 1962. While the administration of Algeria changed significantly over the 132 years of French rule, the Mediterranean coastal region of Algeria, housing the vast majority of its population, was an integral part of France from 1848 until its independence. As one of France's longest-held overseas territories, Algeria became a destination for hundreds of thousands of European immigrants known as ''colons'', and later as . However, the indigenous Muslim population remained the majority of the territory's population throughout its history. Many estimates indicates that the native Algerian population fell by one-third in the years between the French invasion a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
