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Brachypodius
The genus ''Brachypodius'' is a small genus of songbirds in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. Taxonomy The genus ''Brachypodius'' was introduced in 1845 by the English zoologist Edward Blyth to accommodate the black-headed bulbul. The word ''Brachypodius'' combines the Ancient Greek ''brakhus'' meaning "short" with ''pous, podos'' meaning "foot". A molecular phylogenetic study of the bulbul family published in 2017 found that ''Pycnonotus'' was polyphyletic. In the revision to create monophyletic genera ''Brachypodius'' was resurrected to contain four species that were previously placed in ''Pycnonotus''. The genus contains four species: * Grey-headed bulbul (''Brachypodius priocephalus'') * Black-headed bulbul The black-headed bulbul (''Brachypodius melanocephalos'') is a member of the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in forests in south-eastern Asia. Taxonomy and systematics The black-headed bulbul was originally described in the genus ''T ... (''Brachypodius ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brachypodius
The genus ''Brachypodius'' is a small genus of songbirds in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. Taxonomy The genus ''Brachypodius'' was introduced in 1845 by the English zoologist Edward Blyth to accommodate the black-headed bulbul. The word ''Brachypodius'' combines the Ancient Greek ''brakhus'' meaning "short" with ''pous, podos'' meaning "foot". A molecular phylogenetic study of the bulbul family published in 2017 found that ''Pycnonotus'' was polyphyletic. In the revision to create monophyletic genera ''Brachypodius'' was resurrected to contain four species that were previously placed in ''Pycnonotus''. The genus contains four species: * Grey-headed bulbul (''Brachypodius priocephalus'') * Black-headed bulbul The black-headed bulbul (''Brachypodius melanocephalos'') is a member of the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in forests in south-eastern Asia. Taxonomy and systematics The black-headed bulbul was originally described in the genus ''T ... (''Brachypodius ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grey-headed Bulbul
The grey-headed bulbul (''Brachypodius priocephalus'') is a member of the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is endemic to the Western Ghats in south-western India, and found from Goa south to Tamil Nadu at altitudes up to 1200m. It is found in dense reeds or thickets mainly near rivers and swampy areas inside forests. They have a distinctive call that reveals their presence inside dense vegetation where they are hard to spot. Taxonomy and systematics The grey-headed bulbul was originally described by Thomas Jerdon under the name of ''Brachypus priocephalus''. It was moved to ''Brachypodius poiocephalus'' by Edward Blyth, who erroneously "emended" the species epithet, with subsequent confusion in the literature. Formerly, some authorities placed this species within the genus ''Ixos'' and later ''Pycnonotus''. The genus ''Pycnonotus'' was found to be polyphyletic in recent molecular phylogeny studies and the species returned to ''Brachypodius''. The common name 'grey-headed b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black-headed Bulbul
The black-headed bulbul (''Brachypodius melanocephalos'') is a member of the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in forests in south-eastern Asia. Taxonomy and systematics The black-headed bulbul was originally described in the genus ''Turdus''. It was later moved to the large bulbul genus ''Pycnonotus'' as ''Pycnonotus atriceps''. ''Pycnonotus'' was found to be polyphyletic in recent molecular phylogeny studies and the species transferred to ''Brachypodius'' with the species epithet ''melanocephalos'', which has priority over ''atriceps''. Until 2008, the Andaman bulbul was considered as a subspecies of the black-headed bulbul. Subspecies Four subspecies are recognized: * ''B. m. melanocephalos'' (Gmelin, JF, 1788) Temminck, 1822)]: found in north-eastern India and Bangladesh though Southeast Asia to the Greater Sunda Islands and western Philippines * ''B. m. hyperemnus'' (Harry C. Oberholser, Oberholser, 1912): Found on western Sumatran islands * ''B. m. baweanus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black-headed Bulbul
The black-headed bulbul (''Brachypodius melanocephalos'') is a member of the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in forests in south-eastern Asia. Taxonomy and systematics The black-headed bulbul was originally described in the genus ''Turdus''. It was later moved to the large bulbul genus ''Pycnonotus'' as ''Pycnonotus atriceps''. ''Pycnonotus'' was found to be polyphyletic in recent molecular phylogeny studies and the species transferred to ''Brachypodius'' with the species epithet ''melanocephalos'', which has priority over ''atriceps''. Until 2008, the Andaman bulbul was considered as a subspecies of the black-headed bulbul. Subspecies Four subspecies are recognized: * ''B. m. melanocephalos'' (Gmelin, JF, 1788) Temminck, 1822)]: found in north-eastern India and Bangladesh though Southeast Asia to the Greater Sunda Islands and western Philippines * ''B. m. hyperemnus'' (Harry C. Oberholser, Oberholser, 1912): Found on western Sumatran islands * ''B. m. baweanus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grey-headed Bulbul
The grey-headed bulbul (''Brachypodius priocephalus'') is a member of the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is endemic to the Western Ghats in south-western India, and found from Goa south to Tamil Nadu at altitudes up to 1200m. It is found in dense reeds or thickets mainly near rivers and swampy areas inside forests. They have a distinctive call that reveals their presence inside dense vegetation where they are hard to spot. Taxonomy and systematics The grey-headed bulbul was originally described by Thomas Jerdon under the name of ''Brachypus priocephalus''. It was moved to ''Brachypodius poiocephalus'' by Edward Blyth, who erroneously "emended" the species epithet, with subsequent confusion in the literature. Formerly, some authorities placed this species within the genus ''Ixos'' and later ''Pycnonotus''. The genus ''Pycnonotus'' was found to be polyphyletic in recent molecular phylogeny studies and the species returned to ''Brachypodius''. The common name 'grey-headed b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andaman Bulbul
The Andaman bulbul (''Brachypodius fuscoflavescens'') is a member of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is endemic to the Andaman Islands. It has a mainly olive-yellow plumage and has most of the head olive. It feeds on small fruit and berries, but will also take insects. Until 2008, the Andaman bulbul was considered as a subspecies of the black-headed bulbul The black-headed bulbul (''Brachypodius melanocephalos'') is a member of the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in forests in south-eastern Asia. Taxonomy and systematics The black-headed bulbul was originally described in the genus ''T .... References *Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton (2005). ''Birds of South Asia. The Ripley Guide. Volume 2: Attributes and Status.'' Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona. Andaman bulbul Birds of the Andaman Islands Endemic fauna of the Andaman Islands Andaman bulbul {{Pycnonotidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blue-wattled Bulbul
The blue-wattled bulbul (''Brachypodius nieuwenhuisii'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family of passerine birds. The specific epithet commemorates Dutch explorer Anton Willem Nieuwenhuis. The bird is endemic to the islands of Borneo and Sumatra. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. Taxonomy and systematics The status of this rarely seen bird is not known, primarily because it is not clear whether it is in fact a distinct species, or a natural hybrid between the black-headed bulbul and the grey-bellied bulbul or other closely related bulbul. Alternate names for the blue-wattled bulbul include the Malaysian wattled bulbul, Nieuwenhuis's bulbul and wattled bulbul. Subspecies Two subspecies are recognized: * ''B. n. inexspectatus'' - (Chasen, 1939): found on Sumatra * ''B. n. nieuwenhuisii'' - ( Finsch, 1901): found on Borneo Status It may be threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pycnonotidae
The bulbuls are members of a family, Pycnonotidae, of medium-sized passerine songbirds, which also includes greenbuls, brownbuls, leafloves, and bristlebills. The family is distributed across most of Africa and into the Middle East, tropical Asia to Indonesia, and north as far as Japan. A few insular species occur on the tropical islands of the Indian Ocean. There are 160 species in 32 genera. While different species are found in a wide range of habitats, the African species are predominantly found in rainforest, whereas Asian bulbuls are predominantly found in more open areas. Taxonomy The family Pycnonotidae was introduced by the English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1840 as a subfamily Pycnonotinae of the thrush family Turdidae. The Arabic word ''bulbul'' (بلبل) is sometimes used to refer to the "nightingale" as well as the bulbul, but the English word ''bulbul'' refers to the birds discussed in this article. A few species that were previously considered to be members ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Blyth
Edward Blyth (23 December 1810 – 27 December 1873) was an English zoologist who worked for most of his life in India as a curator of zoology at the museum of the Asiatic Society of India in Calcutta. Blyth was born in London in 1810. In 1841 he travelled to India to become the curator of the museum of the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal. He set about updating the museum's catalogues, publishing a ''Catalogue of the Birds of the Asiatic Society'' in 1849. He was prevented from doing much fieldwork himself, but received and described bird specimens from A.O. Hume, Samuel Tickell, Robert Swinhoe and others. He remained as curator until 1862, when ill-health forced his return to England. His ''Natural History of the Cranes'' was published posthumously in 1881. Avian species bearing his name include Blyth's hornbill, Blyth's leaf warbler, Blyth's hawk-eagle, Blyth's olive bulbul, Blyth's parakeet, Blyth's frogmouth, Blyth's reed warbler, Blyth's rosefinch, Blyth's shrike-babbl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Friedrich Gmelin
, fields = , workplaces = University of GöttingenUniversity of Tübingen , alma_mater = University of Tübingen , doctoral_advisor = Philipp Friedrich GmelinFerdinand Christoph Oetinger , academic_advisors = , doctoral_students = Georg Friedrich HildebrandtFriedrich StromeyerCarl Friedrich KielmeyerWilhelm August LampadiusVasily Severgin , notable_students = , known_for = Textbooks on chemistry, pharmaceutical science, mineralogy, and botany , author_abbrev_bot = J.F.Gmel. , author_abbrev_zoo = Gmelin , influences = Carl Linnaeus , influenced = , relatives = Leopold Gmelin (son) , awards = Johann Friedrich Gmelin (8 August 1748 – 1 November 1804) was a German naturalist, botanist, entomologist, herpetologist, and malacologist. Education Johann Friedrich Gmelin was born as the eldest son of Philipp Friedrich Gmelin in 1748 in Tübingen. He studied medicine under his father at University of Tübingen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Songbird
A songbird is a bird belonging to the suborder Passeri of the perching birds (Passeriformes). Another name that is sometimes seen as the scientific or vernacular name is Oscines, from Latin ''oscen'', "songbird". The Passeriformes contains 5000 or so speciesEdwards, Scott V. and John Harshman. 2013. Passeriformes. Perching Birds, Passerine Birds. Version 06 February 2013 (under construction). http://tolweb.org/Passeriformes/15868/2013.02.06 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/ ccessed 2017/12/11 found all over the world, in which the vocal organ typically is developed in such a way as to produce a diverse and elaborate bird song. Songbirds form one of the two major lineages of extant perching birds (~4000 species), the other being the Tyranni (~1000 species), which are most diverse in the Neotropics and absent from many parts of the world. The Tyranni have a simpler syrinx musculature, and while their vocalizations are often just as complex and striking as thos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Dark Ages (), the Archaic period (), and the Classical period (). Ancient Greek was the language of Homer and of fifth-century Athenian historians, playwrights, and philosophers. It has contributed many words to English vocabulary and has been a standard subject of study in educational institutions of the Western world since the Renaissance. This article primarily contains information about the Epic and Classical periods of the language. From the Hellenistic period (), Ancient Greek was followed by Koine Greek, which is regarded as a separate historical stage, although its earliest form closely resembles Attic Greek and its latest form approaches Medieval Greek. There were several regional dialects of Ancient Greek, of which Attic Greek developed into Koine. Dia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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