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Ambassadors Of The United States To Romania
A United States diplomatic representative to Romania has existed since 1880. The United States formally recognized Romania in 1878, following the Treaty of Berlin; diplomatic relations were opened in 1880, and American diplomats were sent to the country. Until the early 20th century, most ambassadors to Romania were also responsible for Greece, Serbia, and occasionally Bulgaria. No US Embassy was established in Romania for some time; ambassadors typically operated out of Athens until about 1905, at which point an embassy was established in Bucharest. The main US embassy in Romania remains in Bucharest and is located at 4-6 Dr. Liviu Librescu Blvd. For several years during World War II, following the death of Ambassador Franklin Mott Gunther, there was no American ambassador to Romania. The latter country became an Axis country, and declared war on the Allies (''see Romania during World War II''). Preceded by American representation in the Allied Commission after 1945, the diplomat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chargé D'Affaires
A ''chargé d'affaires'' (), plural ''chargés d'affaires'', often shortened to ''chargé'' (French) and sometimes in colloquial English to ''charge-D'', is a diplomat who serves as an embassy's chief of mission in the absence of the ambassador. The term is French for "charged with business", meaning they are responsible for the duties of an ambassador. ''Chargé'' is masculine in gender; the feminine form is ''chargée d'affaires''. A ''chargé'' enjoys the same privileges and immunities as an ambassador under international law, and normally these extend to their aides too. However, ''chargés d'affaires'' are outranked by ambassadors and have lower precedence at formal diplomatic events. In most cases, a diplomat serves as a ''chargé d'affaires'' on a temporary basis in the absence of the ambassador. In unusual situations, in cases where disputes between the two countries make it impossible or undesirable to send agents of a higher diplomatic rank, a ''chargé d'affaires'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romania During World War II
Following the outbreak of World War II on 1 September 1939, the Kingdom of Romania under King Carol II officially adopted a position of neutrality. However, the rapidly changing situation in Europe during 1940, as well as domestic political upheaval, undermined this stance. Fascist political forces such as the Iron Guard rose in popularity and power, urging an alliance with Nazi Germany and its allies. As the military fortunes of Romania's two main guarantors of territorial integrity—France and Britain—crumbled in the Fall of France (May to June, 1940), the government of Romania turned to Germany in hopes of a similar guarantee, unaware that the then-dominant European power had already granted its blessing to Soviet claims on Romanian territory in a secret protocol of 1939's Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. In the summer of 1940 diplomacy resolved a series of territorial disputes in a manner unfavorable to Romania, resulting in the loss of most of the territory gained in the wake ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John W
John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second Epistle of John, often shortened to 2 John * Third Epistle of John, often shortened to 3 John People * John the Baptist (died c. AD 30), regarded as a prophet and the forerunner of Jesus Christ * John the Apostle (lived c. AD 30), one of the twelve apostles of Jesus * John the Evangelist, assigned author of the Fourth Gospel, once identified with the Apostle * John of Patmos, also known as John the Divine or John the Revelator, the author of the Book of Revelation, once identified with the Apostle * John the Presbyter, a figure either identified with or distinguished from the Apostle, the Evangelist and John of Patmos Other people with the given name Religious figures * John, father of Andrew the Apostle and Saint Peter * Pope Jo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Brinkerhoff Jackson
John Brinckerhoff Jackson (August 19, 1862 – December 20, 1920) was an American lawyer and diplomat who spent most of his career in Europe and the Middle East. Early life Jackson was born in Newark, New Jersey on August 19, 1862, to one of the most widely known families in New Jersey. He was a son of Nannie (née Nye) Jackson (1835–1905) and Frederick Wolcott Jackson (1833–1904). Among his siblings was Philip Nye Jackson, Esq., William Fessenden Jackson, the Rev. Frederick Wolcott Jackson Jr., Charles Huntington Jackson, Esq., Elizabeth Wolcott Jackson, Nina Fessenden (née Jackson) Abeel, Olivia Wolcott Jackson, and Martha Nye Jackson (wife of Beaux-Arts architect Lewis Stewart). His father was one of the directors of the Pennsylvania Railroad and was president of the United New Jersey Railroad and Canal Company, before it was taken over by the Pennsylvania. His paternal grandparents were John Peter Jackson and Elizabeth Huntington (née Wolcott) Jackson (a cousin of Rog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Spencer Francis
Charles Spencer Francis (June 17, 1853 – December 1, 1911) was an American diplomat and newspaper editor. Early life and education The son of diplomat and newspaper publisher John M. Francis and Harriet E. Tucker, Charles Spencer Francis was born on June 17, 1853. He studied at Cornell University from 1870 to 1871, before joining his father in Greece as his secretary. His mission completed, Francis thus returned to the United States and Cornell in 1874. At Cornell, Francis proved to be an excellent rower, setting the world record in intercollegiate single scull competition in 1876 (which stood long after his death, up until his grandson also attended Cornell). He graduated from Cornell the next year with a Bachelor of Science degree. Newspaperman He went to work for his father's newspaper, '' The Troy Times'', as a reporter, and worked his way up to the editor's desk. He bought a stake in the paper, then made it an equal one. Upon his father's death in 1897, Francis took ove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur Sherburne Hardy
Arthur Sherburne Hardy (August 13, 1847 – March 14, 1930) was an American engineer, educator, editor, diplomat, novelist, and poet. Early life and education Hardy was born in 1847 in Andover, Massachusetts, the son of Alpheus and Susan W. (Holmes) Hardy. He received his elementary school education abroad and thus gained an exposure to languages. He attended Phillips Academy and completed one year at Amherst College before becoming a cadet at the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1865, where he excelled in languages. He graduated tenth in the class of 1869 and was commissioned a second lieutenant of artillery. His first duty was as assistant instructor of artillery tactics at West Point from July 6 to August 28 in the summer of 1869. He was then stationed in Fort Jefferson in the Dry Tortugas in Florida. In this period after the Civil War, there was little chance of advancement in the Army so, after consulting with General William T. Sherman, he resigned in 1870.< ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Woodville Rockhill
William Woodville Rockhill (April 1, 1854 – December 8, 1914) was a United States diplomat, best known as the author of the U.S.'s Open Door Policy for China, the first American to learn to speak Tibetan, and one of the West's leading experts on the modern political history of China. Life and career Rockhill was born in Philadelphia, the son of Thomas Cadwalader Rockhill and Dorothea Anne Woodville (1823–1913). His father died when he was 13 years old and his mother relocated the family to France to escape the Civil War. While in his teens, Rockhill read Abbé Huc's account of his 1844-46 voyage to Lhasa, which sparked young Rockhill's interest in Tibet. Rockhill sought out the celebrated Orientalist Léon Feer of the ''Bibliothèque Nationale'', who guided Rockhill's learning about the Far East. Rockhill attended the ''École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr'', where he studied Tibetan. After graduation, Rockhill joined the French Foreign Legion, serving as an off ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eben Alexander (educator)
Eben Alexander (March 9, 1851 – March 11, 1910) was an American scholar, educator, dean, and diplomat. Life and career Alexander was born in Knoxville, Tennessee, on March 9, 1851, to Judge Ebenezer Alexander and Margaret White McClung. Alexander attended the University of Tennessee (then known as East Tennessee University) for two years, then matriculated to Yale in 1869 where he graduated in 1873 with an A.B. He was initiated into Yale's Skull and Bones in 1873. After graduation, Alexander returned to Knoxville and taught Greek at the University of Tennessee, from 1873 to 1886, first as an instructor and then as Professor. In 1886, he moved to the University of North Carolina, in Chapel Hill, where from 1886 to 1893 he was Professor of Greek language and literature. In 1893 President Grover Cleveland appointed him "Envoy Extraordinary, Minister Plenipotentiary, and Consul General to Greece, Roumania, and Servia" ic As ambassador to Greece, he helped in the revival of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Truxtun Beale
Truxtun Beale (March 6, 1856 – June 2, 1936) was an American diplomat. Biography Beale was born in San Francisco to Mary Engle Edwards and Edward Fitzgerald Beale; his siblings were Mary (1852–1925), who married Russian diplomat George Bakhmeteff, and Emily (1854–1912), who married John Roll McLean. He was named for his great-grandfather Commodore Thomas Truxtun. His maternal grandfather was U.S. Representative Samuel Edwards. In 1874 he graduated from the Pennsylvania Military College, and four years later, after studying law at Columbia University, was admitted to the bar. From 1876 to 1877 Beale was secretary to his father the US Ambassador to Austria-Hungary in Vienna. Instead of practicing law, he became manager of his father's Tejon Ranch in California, where he remained for 13 years. In 1891 he was appointed by President Harrison United States Minister to Persia, and a year later, Minister (afterward Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary) to Greece, R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walker Fearn
John Williams Walker Fearn (January 13, 1832 – April 7, 1899) was an American diplomat. Early life Fearn, born in Huntsville, Alabama, was an 1851 graduate of Yale University. He was the nephew of LeRoy Pope Walker, the first Secretary of War of the Confederacy. Following Yale University, Fearn continued to study law and was admitted to the Mobile bar in 1853. Career He spent most of the 1850s on the staffs of the American embassies in Belgium and Mexico, then joined the Confederate diplomatic corps when the Civil War broke out in 1861. While in Europe, he attended the lectures of the College de France in Paris. After serving on unsuccessful missions to Spain, France, Russia, and Mexico, Fearn moved to New Orleans when the war was over to practice law. From 1885 to 1889, Fearn served as the American minister to Serbia, Romania, and Greece. He later served as chief of the Department of Foreign Affairs for the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893. Personal life ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Letter Of Credence
A letter of credence (french: Lettre de créance) is a formal diplomatic letter that designates a diplomat as ambassador to another sovereign state. Commonly known as diplomatic credentials, the letter is addressed from one head of state to another, asking them to give credence (french: créance) to the ambassador's claim of speaking for their country. The letter is presented personally by the ambassador-designate to the receiving head of state in a formal ceremony, marking the beginning of the ambassadorship. Letters of credence are traditionally written in French, the ''lingua franca'' of diplomacy. However, they may also be written in the official language of the sending state. Presentation of credentials Upon arrival at their post, the ambassador-designate meets with the foreign minister to arrange for an audience with the head of state. They bring both a sealed original and an unsealed copy of his credentials. The unsealed copy is given to the foreign minister upon ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chargé D'affaires Ad Interim
Chargé () is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France. Chargé is a small town near Amboise. The Rock 'in Chargé festival has revitalized the village sinc2006 Population The inhabitants are called ''Chargéens''. See also *Communes of the Indre-et-Loire department The following is a list of the 272 communes of the Indre-et-Loire department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):Communes of Indre-et-Loire {{IndreLoire-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
