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Alkylresorcinols
Alkylresorcinols, also known as resorcinolic lipids, are phenolic lipids composed of long aliphatic chains and resorcinol-type phenolic rings. Natural sources of alkylresorcinols Alkylresorcinols are relatively rare in nature, with the main known sources being wheat, rye, barley, triticale (cereal grasses), quinoa, the fruit of ''Ginkgo biloba'' Bilobol, a mollusc and some species of bacteria. DB-2073 is an antibiotic isolated from the broth culture of ''Pseudomonas'' sp. They are also the main constituents of the outer shell of the cyst of ''Azotobacter''. Occurrence in cereals Alkylresorcinols are present in high amounts in the bran layer (e.g. pericarp, testa and aleurone layers) of wheat and rye (0.1-0.3 % of dry weight). 5-Alkylresorcinols can also be found in rice, though not in the edible parts of the rice plant. They are only present in very low amounts in the endosperm (the part of cereal grain that is used to make white flour), which means that alkylresorcinols ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bilobol
Bilobol is an alkylresorcinol, a type of natural phenol, phenolic lipids composed of long aliphatic chains and phenolic rings. Chemically, it is similar in structure to urushiol, the irritant found in poison ivy; it is a strong skin irritant itself. Natural occurrences Bilobol can be found in ''Ginkgo biloba'' fruits. References Alkylresorcinols {{phenol-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azotobacter
''Azotobacter'' is a genus of usually motile, oval or spherical bacteria that form thick-walled cysts (and also has hard crust) and may produce large quantities of capsular slime. They are aerobic, free-living soil microbes that play an important role in the nitrogen cycle in nature, binding atmospheric nitrogen, which is inaccessible to plants, and releasing it in the form of ammonium ions into the soil (nitrogen fixation). In addition to being a model organism for studying diazotrophs, it is used by humans for the production of biofertilizers, food additives, and some biopolymers. The first representative of the genus, ''Azotobacter chroococcum'', was discovered and described in 1901 by Dutch microbiologist and botanist Martinus Beijerinck. ''Azotobacter'' species are Gram-negative bacteria found in neutral and alkaline soils, in water, and in association with some plants. Biological characteristics Morphology Cells of the genus ''Azotobacter'' are relatively large for b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adipostatin A
Adipostatin A is an alkylresorcinol, a type of phenolic lipids composed of long aliphatic chains and phenolic rings. Chemically, it is similar in structure to urushiol, the irritant found in poison ivy. Adipostatin A can be found in ''Gingko biloba'' fruits as well as in ''Streptomyces cyaneus''. It is also found in cashew nutshell liquid (''Anacardium occidentale''), in ''Anacardium othonianum'' and in ''Ardisia elliptica''. It is an inhibitor of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ''sn''-Glycerol 3-phosphate is the organic ion with the formula HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OPO32-. It is one of three stereoisomers of the ester of dibasic phosphoric acid (HOPO32-) and glycerol. It is a component of glycerophospholipids. Equally appropriat .... References Alkylresorcinols {{phenol-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olivetol
Olivetol, also known as 5-pentylresorcinol or 5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol, is an organic compound found in certain species of lichen; it is also a precursor in various syntheses of tetrahydrocannabinol. Occurrence Olivetol is a naturally occurring organic compound. It is found in certain species of lichens and can be readily extracted. Olivetol is also produced by a number of insects, either as a pheromone, repellent, or antiseptic. The cannabis plant internally produces the related substance olivetolic acid (OLA), which may be involved in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Synthesis of THC analogs Olivetol is used in various methods to produce synthetic analogs of THC. One such method is a condensation reaction of olivetol and pulegone. In '' PiHKAL'', Alexander Shulgin reports a cruder method of producing the same product by bringing to reaction olivetol and the essential oil of orange in the presence of phosphoryl chloride.Shulgin, Alexander T (1991) PiHK ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Whole Grain
A whole grain is a grain of any cereal and pseudocereal that contains the endosperm, germ, and bran, in contrast to refined grains, which retain only the endosperm. As part of a general healthy diet, consumption of whole grains is associated with lower risk of several diseases. Whole grains are a source of carbohydrates, multiple nutrients and dietary fiber. Varieties Whole grain sources include: Cereals * Wheat ( spelt, emmer, farro, einkorn, Kamut, durum) * Rice (black, brown, red, and other colored rice varieties) * Barley (hulled and dehulled but not pearl) * Maize or Corn * Rye * Oats (including hull-less or naked oats) Minor cereals * Millets * Sorghum * Teff * Triticale * Canary grass * Job's tears * Fonio, Digitaria iburua, black fonio, Asian millet * Wild rice Pseudocereals * Amaranth * Buckwheat, Fagopyrum tataricum, Tartary buckwheat * Quinoa Health effects Nutrition Whole grains are a source of multiple nutrients and dietary fiber, recommended for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bran
Bran, also known as miller's bran, is the hard outer layers of Cereal, cereal grain. It consists of the combined aleurone and pericarp. Corn (maize) bran also includes the pedicel (tip cap). Along with cereal germ, germ, it is an integral part of whole grains, and is often produced as a byproduct of milling in the production of refined grains. Bran is present in cereal grain, including rice, maize, corn (maize), wheat, oats, barley, rye and millet. Bran is not the same as chaff, which is a coarser scaly material surrounding the grain but not forming part of the grain itself, and which is indigestible by humans. "chaff, which is indigestible for humans" Composition Bran is particularly rich in dietary fiber and essential fatty acids and contains significant quantities of starch, protein, vitamins, and dietary minerals. It is also a source of phytic acid, an antinutrient that prevents nutrient absorption. The high oil content of bran makes it subject to rancidification, one ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3,5-dihydroxybenzoic Acid
3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (α-resorcylic acid) is a dihydroxybenzoic acid. It is a colorless solid. Preparation and occurrence It is prepared by disulfonation of benzoic acid followed by hydrolysis of the disulfonate. It is a metabolite of alkylresorcinols, first identified in human urine and can be quantified in urine and plasma, and may be an alternative, equivalent biomarker In biomedical contexts, a biomarker, or biological marker, is a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition. Biomarkers are often measured and evaluated using blood, urine, or soft tissues to examine normal biological processes, ... of whole grain wheat intake. References Dihydroxybenzoic acids Phenolic human metabolites {{phenol-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bilobol
Bilobol is an alkylresorcinol, a type of natural phenol, phenolic lipids composed of long aliphatic chains and phenolic rings. Chemically, it is similar in structure to urushiol, the irritant found in poison ivy; it is a strong skin irritant itself. Natural occurrences Bilobol can be found in ''Ginkgo biloba'' fruits. References Alkylresorcinols {{phenol-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DB-2073
DB-2073 is an alkylresorcinol antibiotic isolated from the broth culture of ''Pseudomonas ''Pseudomonas'' is a genus of Gram-negative, Gammaproteobacteria, belonging to the family Pseudomonadaceae and containing 191 described species. The members of the genus demonstrate a great deal of metabolic diversity and consequently are able ...'' sp B-9004. References Alkylresorcinols Antibiotics {{phenol-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aliphatic Compound
In organic chemistry, hydrocarbons ( compounds composed solely of carbon and hydrogen) are divided into two classes: aromatic compounds and aliphatic compounds (; G. ''aleiphar'', fat, oil). Aliphatic compounds can be saturated, like hexane, or unsaturated, like hexene and hexyne. Open-chain compounds, whether straight or branched, and which contain no rings of any type, are always aliphatic. Cyclic compounds can be aliphatic if they are not aromatic. Structure Aliphatic compounds can be saturated, joined by single bonds (alkanes), or unsaturated, with double bonds (alkenes) or triple bonds ( alkynes). If other elements (heteroatoms) are bound to the carbon chain, the most common being oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and chlorine, it is no longer a hydrocarbon, and therefore no longer an aliphatic compound. The least complex aliphatic compound is methane (CH4). Properties Most aliphatic compounds are flammable, allowing the use of hydrocarbons as fuel, such as methane in Bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
