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1701 In Sweden
Events from the year 1701 in Sweden Incumbents * Monarch – Charles XII Events *July 9 – Crossing of the Düna: Following his victories over Denmark and Russia in 1700, Charles XII of Sweden escalates the conflict in the Great Northern War by an invasion of Poland. The Swedes defeat the army of Saxony (then a Polish territory) at the River Dvina. * - Battle of Petschora * - Battle of Rauge * - Battle of Erastfer * * - Sätra brunn is established. * - A new sumptuary law restrict the import of valuable textiles for clothing and the burgher class from using the dress of the nobility. This leads to harassment when burgher class women in the capital dressed as noblewomen had their skirts torn off; the disturbances made the monarch prolong the enforcement of the law for a year, until those concerned had the time to replace their wardrobes.Svenska folkets underbara öden / IV. Karl XI:s och Karl XII:s tid * - '' Campus Elysii'' by Olof Rudbeck. * Births * 1 February ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles XII Is Crossing The Düna, 1701
Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was "free man". The Old English descendant of this word was '' Ċearl'' or ''Ċeorl'', as the name of King Cearl of Mercia, that disappeared after the Norman conquest of England. The name was notably borne by Charlemagne (Charles the Great), and was at the time Latinized as ''Karolus'' (as in ''Vita Karoli Magni''), later also as '' Carolus''. Some Germanic languages, for example Dutch and German, have retained the word in two separate senses. In the particular case of Dutch, ''Karel'' refers to the given name, whereas the noun ''kerel'' means "a bloke, fellow, man". Etymology The name's etymology is a Common Germanic noun ''*karilaz'' meaning "free man", which survives in English as churl (< Old English ''ċeorl''), which developed its depr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olof Rudbeck
Olaus Rudbeck (also known as Olof Rudbeck the Elder, to distinguish him from his son, and occasionally with the surname Latinized as ''Olaus Rudbeckius'') (13 September 1630 – 12 December 1702) was a Swedish scientist and writer, professor of medicine at Uppsala University, and for several periods ''rector magnificus'' of the same university. He was born in Västerås, the son of Bishop Johannes Rudbeckius, who was personal chaplain to King Gustavus Adolphus, and the father of botanist Olof Rudbeck the Younger. Rudbeck is primarily known for his contributions in two fields: human anatomy and linguistics, but he was also accomplished in many other fields including music and botany. He established the first botanical garden in Sweden at Uppsala, called Rudbeck's Garden, but which was renamed a hundred years later for his son's student, the botanist Carl Linnaeus. Human anatomy Rudbeck was one of the pioneers in the study of lymphatic vessels. According to his supporters in S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1661 In Sweden
Events from the year 1661 in Sweden Incumbents * Monarch – Charles XI Events * The Treaty of Cardis formally discontinue the Russo-Swedish War (1656–58) with a Swedish victory and territorial gains. * The Stockholms Banco becomes the first European bank to print banknotes. Births * 26 June- Johanna Eleonora De la Gardie, poet (died 1708) * 23 September - Christiana Oxenstierna, noblewoman notorious for marrying a partner of a different social class (died 1701) * 10 December - Catherine of Pfalz-Zweibrücken (1661–1720), princess (died 1720) * 18 December - Christopher Polhem, Swedish scientist, inventor and industrialist (died 1751) * Rika Maja, Sami shaman (died 1757) Deaths * 19 November - Lars Kagg, military officer (born 1595) References Years of the 17th century in Sweden Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of Swe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesalliance
Hypergamy (colloquially referred to as "marrying up") is a term used in social science for the act or practice of a person marrying a spouse of higher caste or social status than themselves. The antonym "hypogamy" refers to the inverse: marrying a person of lower social class or status (colloquially "marrying down"). Both terms were coined in the Indian subcontinent in the 19th century while translating classical Hindu law books, which used the Sanskrit terms ''anuloma'' and ''pratiloma'', respectively, for the two concepts. The term hypergyny is used to describe the overall practice of women marrying up, since the men would be marrying down. India In rural India, hypergamy is an opportunity to modernize. Marriages in rural India are increasingly examples of hypergamy. Farmers and other rural workers want their daughters to have access to city life, for with metropolitan connections comes better job opportunities, upper-class social circles, even better housing opportunities ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christiana Oxenstierna
Christiana Juliana Oxenstierna (23 September 1661 – 27 February 1701) was a Swedish noble. She was the center of a great social scandal when she married a non-noble against her family's consent. Her case caused a debate about the law for marriage between nobles and non-nobles. Biography She was the daughter of statesman and marshal Count Gabriel Gabrielsson Oxenstierna (d. 1673) and Countess Maria Christiana von Löwenstein und Scharfeneck (d. 1672; in turn she was the only surviving daughter of Countess Elisabeth Juliana of Erbach –later wife of the Swedish Field Marshal Johan Banér– in her second marriage) and sister of Count Gustaf Adolf Oxenstierna. As an orphan, she was taken care of by her paternal aunt, Countess Anna af Dohna. The vicar (since 1687) of the French Lutheran church in Stockholm, Nikolaus Bergius, was lodged in the palace of Dohna. Bergius suffered from severe depression and Dohna asked her niece to comfort him. Oxenstierna and Bergius fell in love ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1612 In Sweden
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Events from the year 1612 in Sweden Incumbents * Monarch – Gustaf II Adolf Events * 6 January - Axel Oxenstierna becomes the Lord High Chancellor of the Privy Council. * 11 February - Battle of Vittsjö. * 26 February - , 300 Norwegian soldiers are massacred inside a church in Nya Lödöse. * - Battle of Kölleryd. * Births * - Per Stålhammar, officer (died 1701) * * * Deaths * - Karin Månsdotter, royal mistress and queen (born 1550) * * * References Years of the 17th century in Sweden Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Per Stålhammar
Per Stålhammar (born Per Jönsson; c. 1612 – January 8, 1701) was a Swedish military officer and soldier under the rule of Gustavus Adolphus, Christina, Charles X, and Charles XI. Stålhammar was born in Angved in Svenarum Parish, Småland, Sweden as Per Jönsson. He grew up on a small farm which his father, Jöns Gudmundsson (died c. 1629), leased from the crown. Stålhammar's mother was Karin Pedersdotter. During childhood Stålhammar used to put sheep out to pasture on his father's farm, but already in 1626 Stålhammar followed a local captain of German descent, Caspar Witte (later knighted Caspar von Witten af Stensjö), to the war with Poland. At this point the young Stålhammar was not a regular soldier but a ''trossdräng'', a menial position in the supply train organization of the army. After the Truce of Altmark was signed in 1629 Stålhammar returned to Sweden. In 1633 Stålhammar became a cavalryman at the regiment ''Smålands ryttare'' and his name was changed fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1766 In Sweden
Events from the year 1766 in Sweden Incumbents * Monarch – Adolf Frederick Events * February – The government of the Caps (party) make an alliance between Sweden and Great Britain, and France discontinue its subsidies to Sweden. * 30 April – Uppsala burns down. * 26 June – The new Sumptuary law bans the import of numerous luxury items such as coffee, chocolate and many brands of vine. * 9 July - Inauguration of the new Drottningholm Palace Theatre. * 8 October - Sophia Magdalena of Denmark arrives in Sweden. * 4 November – The wedding between Crown Prince Gustav and Sophia Magdalena of Denmark in Stockholm. * 2 December – The law of the Freedom of the press and the public access to public documents is passed. * - The Utile Dulci is created. * - A new sumptuary law is introduced, which is to be the strictest of all sumptuary laws in Sweden: all import of coffee, chocolate, Arak (drink), Punsch, Liqueur, perfume and certain brands of vine are banned, the us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olof Arenius
Olof Arenius (16 December 1701 – 5 May 1766) was a Swedish portrait painter. Biography Arenius was born in the parish of Bro in Uppland, Sweden. His father was a vicar in Upplands-Bro. After a period of theology studies at Uppsala University, he studied art under David von Krafft (1655–1724). In 1729, he went to the United Kingdom where he was exposed to the art of portrait painters Godfried Kneller (1646–1723) and Mikael Dahl (1659–1743). Returning to Sweden in 1736, he was named court painter by King Frederick I of Sweden. He died at Stockholm in 1766. His portraits and miniatures in oil are much esteemed, and are to be found in all the public galleries, as well as in the best private collections, in Sweden. Many of them have been engraved. Gallery File:Olof Arenius-portrait of Augustin Ehrensvärd.jpg, ''Portrait of Augustin Ehrensvärd'' File:Anders-Celsius.jpeg, ''Portrait of Anders Celsius'' File:Olof Arenius-Portrait of Axel Löwen.jpg, ''Portrait of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1744 In Sweden
Events from the year 1744 in Sweden Incumbents * Monarch – Frederick I Events * 30 January - Execution of Skinnar Per Andersson. * March - The threatening war with Denmark is prevented by a treaty between Sweden and Denmark. * July - The Empire of Russia agree to recall their troops from Sweden. * 18 August - The wedding between Crown Prince Adolf Frederick and Louisa Ulrika of Prussia on Drottningholm Palace. * August - Creation of the ''L'Ordre de l'Harmonie''. * By royal letter, the right to sell Tobacco in the Swedish cities is reserved for women in need of support, ruined male burghers and war invalids: this is confirmed a second time in 1772, then with the addition that the tobacco sellers are only permitted to employ females or non-adult males.Du Rietz, Anita, Kvinnors entreprenörskap: under 400 år, 1. uppl., Dialogos, Stockholm, 2013 Births * 29 January - Catharina Charlotta Swedenmarck, writer (died 1813) * 9 June – Frans Suell, businessperson (died 1818 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anders Celsius
Anders Celsius (; 27 November 170125 April 1744) was a Swedish astronomer, physicist and mathematician. He was professor of astronomy at Uppsala University from 1730 to 1744, but traveled from 1732 to 1735 visiting notable observatories in Germany, Italy and France. He founded the Uppsala Astronomical Observatory in 1741, and in 1742 proposed (an inverted form of) the Centigrade temperature scale which was later renamed Celsius in his honour. Early life and education Anders Celsius was born in Uppsala, Sweden, on 27 November 1701. His family originated from Ovanåker in the province of Hälsingland. Their family estate was at ''Doma'', also known as ''Höjen'' or ''Högen'' (locally as ''Högen 2''). The name ''Celsius'' is a latinization of the estate's name (Latin ''celsus'' "mound"). As the son of an astronomy professor, Nils Celsius, nephew of botanist Olof Celsius and the grandson of the mathematician Magnus Celsius and the astronomer Anders Spole, Celsius chose a career i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1776 In Sweden
Events from the year 1776 in Sweden Incumbents * Monarch – Gustav III Events * March - The restrictions of the Swedish Cereal trade is lifted. * 2 May - The restrictions of the selling of Brännvin is lifted. * 2 May - ''Le véritable et constante amitié'', a female Lodge of Adoption under the regular Swedish Masonic order of the Freemasons, is inaugurated with Hedvig Elisabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp as Grand Mistress and Countesses Sophie and Hedvig Eleonora von Fersen, Countess Ulrica Catharina Koskull and, likely, Countess Charlotte Gyldenstolpe as members.Kjell Lekeby (2010). Gustaviansk mystik. Alkemister, kabbalister, magiker, andeskådare, astrologer och skattgrävare i den esoteriska kretsen kring G.A. Reuterholm, hertig Carl och hertiginnan Charlotta 1776-1803. (Gustavian Mysticism. Alchemists, Kabbalists, magicians, visionaries, astrologists and treasure hunters in the esoteric circle of G.A. Reuterholm, Duke Charles and Duchess Charlotte 1776-1803) Sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
