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1466 In Europe
Year 1466 (Roman numerals, MCDLXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. It is one of eight years (CE) to contain each Roman numeral once (1000(M)+(-100(C)+500(D))+50(L)+10(X)+5(V)+1(I) = 1466). Events * The Kingdom of Georgia collapses into anarchy, and fragments into rival states of Kingdom of Kartli (1484-1762), Kartli, Kingdom of Kakheti, Kakheti, Kingdom of Imereti, Imereti, Samtskhe-Saatabago and a number of principalities; this breakup is finalised in 1490, when Constantine II of Georgia has to recognize his rival monarchies. * The Mentelin Bible, the first Printing, printed German language Bible, is produced. * Louis XI of France introduces silk weaving to Lyon. * The first known shop specialising in eyeglasses opens in Strasbourg. * The second largest bell of Saint Peter's Church, Fritzlar in Hesse is cast by Meister Goswin aus Fritzlar. Births * February 11 – Elizabeth of York, queen of Henry V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Numerals
Roman numerals are a numeral system that originated in ancient Rome and remained the usual way of writing numbers throughout Europe well into the Late Middle Ages. Numbers are written with combinations of letters from the Latin alphabet, each letter with a fixed integer value, modern style uses only these seven: The use of Roman numerals continued long after the decline of the Roman Empire. From the 14th century on, Roman numerals began to be replaced by Arabic numerals; however, this process was gradual, and the use of Roman numerals persists in some applications to this day. One place they are often seen is on clock faces. For instance, on the clock of Big Ben (designed in 1852), the hours from 1 to 12 are written as: The notations and can be read as "one less than five" (4) and "one less than ten" (9), although there is a tradition favouring representation of "4" as "" on Roman numeral clocks. Other common uses include year numbers on monuments and buildings and co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eyeglasses
Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are vision eyewear, with lenses (clear or tinted) mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically utilizing a bridge over the nose and hinged arms (known as temples or temple pieces) that rest over the ears. Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness; however, without the specialized lenses, they are sometimes used for cosmetic purposes. Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses. Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation. Glasses are worn for eye protection in some sports, such as squash. Glasses wearers may use a strap to prevent the glasses from falling off. Wearers of glasses that are used only part of the time may have t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
July 5
Events Pre-1600 * 328 – The official opening of Constantine's Bridge built over the Danube between Sucidava (Corabia, Romania) and Oescus ( Gigen, Bulgaria) by the Roman architect Theophilus Patricius. * 1316 – The Burgundian and Majorcan claimants of the Principality of Achaea meet in the Battle of Manolada. *1594 – Portuguese forces under the command of Pedro Lopes de Sousa begin an unsuccessful invasion of the Kingdom of Kandy during the Campaign of Danture in Sri Lanka. 1601–1900 *1610 – John Guy sets sail from Bristol with 39 other colonists for Newfoundland. * 1687 – Isaac Newton publishes ''Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica''. * 1770 – The Battle of Chesma between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire begins. * 1775 – The Second Continental Congress adopts the Olive Branch Petition. *1803 – The Convention of Artlenburg is signed, leading to the French occupation of the Electorate of Hanover (which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1539
__NOTOC__ Year 1539 ( MDXXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January – Toungoo–Hanthawaddy War – Battle of Naungyo, Burma: The Toungoos decisively defeat the Hanthawaddys. * January 12 – Treaty of Toledo: Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (and Charles I of Spain) and Francis I of France agree to make no further alliances with England. The treaty comes after Henry VIII of England's split with Rome and Pope Paul III. * January 14 – Spain annexes Cuba. * February 9 – The first horse race is held at Chester Racecourse, the oldest in use in England. * March – Canterbury Cathedral surrenders, and reverts to its previous status of 'a college of secular canons'. * May 30 – Hernando de Soto lands at Tampa Bay, Florida with 600 soldiers, with the goal of finding gold. He also introduces pigs into North America. * May – The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottaviano Petrucci
Ottaviano Petrucci (born in Fossombrone on 18 June 1466 – died on 7 May 1539 in Venice) was an Italian printer. His '' Harmonice Musices Odhecaton'', a collection of chansons printed in 1501, is commonly misidentified as the first book of sheet music printed from movable type. Actually that distinction belongs to the Roman printer Ulrich Han's ''Missale Romanum'' of 1476. Nevertheless, Petrucci's later work was extraordinary for the complexity of his white mensural notation and the smallness of his font, and he did in fact print the first book of polyphony using movable type. He also published numerous works by the most highly regarded composers of the Renaissance, including Josquin des Prez and Antoine Brumel. Life He was born in Fossombrone (Pesaro), and probably was educated at Urbino. Around 1490 he went to Venice to learn the art of printing, and in 1498 he petitioned the Doge for the exclusive right to print music for the next 20 years. The right was very probably gra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
June 18
Events Pre-1600 * 618 – Li Yuan becomes Emperor Gaozu of Tang, initiating three centuries of Tang dynasty rule over China. * 656 – Ali becomes Caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate. * 860 – Byzantine–Rus' War: A fleet of about 200 Rus' vessels sails into the Bosphorus and starts pillaging the suburbs of the Byzantine capital Constantinople. *1053 – Battle of Civitate: Three thousand Norman horsemen of Count Humphrey rout the troops of Pope Leo IX. *1178 – Five Canterbury monks see an event believed to have been the formation of the Giordano Bruno crater on the moon. It is believed that the current oscillations of the Moon's distance from the Earth (on the order of meters) are a result of this collision. * 1264 – The Parliament of Ireland meets at Castledermot in County Kildare, the first definitively known meeting of this Irish legislature. * 1265 – A draft Byzantine–Venetian treaty is concluded between Venetian envoys and Empero ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1536
__NOTOC__ Year 1536 ( MDXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January – King Henry VIII of England suffers a leg injury during a jousting tournament. *January 6 – The Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco, the oldest European school of higher learning in the Americas, is established by Franciscans in Mexico City. * January 22 – John of Leiden, Bernhard Knipperdolling and Bernhard Krechting are executed in Münster for their roles in the Münster Rebellion. * February 2 – Spaniard Pedro de Mendoza founds Buenos Aires, Argentina. * February 18 – A Franco-Ottoman alliance exempts French merchants from Ottoman law and allows them to travel, buy and sell throughout the sultan's dominions, and to pay low customs duties on French imports and exports. The compact is confirmed in 1569. * February 25 – Tyrolean Anabaptist leader Jacob Hutter, fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marino Sanuto The Younger
Marin Sanudo, italianised as Marino Sanuto or Sanuto the Younger (May 22, 1466 – 1536), was a Venetian historian and diarist. His most significant work is his ''Diarii'', which he had intended to write up into a history of Venice. Biography Early life He was born into a patrician family of Venice, the son of the senator Leonardo Sanuto. Left an orphan at the age of eight, he lost his fortune owing to the bad management of his elder brother, who eventually left the family for Syria. Thus, Sanuto was for many years hampered by want of means. He spent the rest of his childhood under the protection of his uncle, Francesco Sanuto, who may have also supported him financially. Sanuto began writing early. Aged fifteen, he wrote the ''Memorabilia Deorum Dearumque'', on the antique gods and goddesses. In 1483 he accompanied his cousin Mario, who was one of the three ''sindici inquisitori'' deputed to hear appeals from the decisions of the ''rettori'', on a tour through Istria and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
May 22
Events Pre-1600 * 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu. * 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt. * 1176 – The Hashshashin (Assassins) attempt to assassinate Saladin near Aleppo. * 1200 – King John of England and King Philip II of France sign the Treaty of Le Goulet. * 1246 – Henry Raspe is elected anti-king of the Kingdom of Germany in opposition to Conrad IV. *1254 – Serbian King Stefan Uroš I and the Republic of Venice sign a peace treaty. *1370 – Brussels massacre: Between six and twenty Jews are murdered and the rest of the Jewish community is banished from Brussels, Belgium, for allegedly desecrating consecrated Host. * 1377 – Pope Gregory XI issues five papal bulls to denounce the doctrines of English theologian John Wycliffe. *1455 – Start of the Wars of the Roses: At the First Battle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1503
__NOTOC__ Year 1503 ( MDIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 20 – Seville in Castile is awarded exclusive rights to trade with the New World. * January 24 – Construction of the Henry VII Chapel at Westminster Abbey begins in the perpendicular style, the final stage of English Gothic art. * February 13 – Challenge of Barletta: Thirteen Italian knights defeat thirteen French knights, near Barletta. * February 23 – French–Spanish Wars in Italy – Battle of Ruvo: The Spanish defeat the French. * April 21 – Battle of Seminara: Spanish forces under Fernando de Andrade de las Mariñas defeat the French under Bernard Stewart, 4th Lord of Aubigny. * April 21 – Battle of Cerignola: Spanish forces under Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba defeat the French under Louis d'Armagnac, Duke of Nemours, who is killed (considered to be the first b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry VII Of England
Henry VII (28 January 1457 – 21 April 1509) was King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 until his death in 1509. He was the first monarch of the House of Tudor. Henry's mother, Margaret Beaufort, was a descendant of the Lancastrian branch of the House of Plantagenet. Henry's father, Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond, a half-brother of Henry VI of England and a member of the Welsh Tudors of Penmynydd, died three months before his son Henry was born. During Henry's early years, his uncle Henry VI was fighting against Edward IV, a member of the Yorkist Plantagenet branch. After Edward retook the throne in 1471, Henry Tudor spent 14 years in exile in Brittany. He attained the throne when his forces, supported by France, Scotland, and Wales, defeated Edward IV's brother Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field, the culmination of the Wars of the Roses. He was the last king of England to win his throne on the field of ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elizabeth Of York
Elizabeth of York (11 February 1466 – 11 February 1503) was Queen of England from her marriage to King Henry VII on 18 January 1486 until her death in 1503. Elizabeth married Henry after his victory at the Battle of Bosworth Field, which marked the end of the Wars of the Roses. They had seven children together. Elizabeth's younger brothers, the " Princes in the Tower", mysteriously disappeared shortly after the death of her father, King Edward IV. Although the 1484 act of Parliament '' Titulus Regius'' declared the marriage of her parents, Edward and Elizabeth Woodville, invalid, she and her sisters were subsequently welcomed back to court by Edward's brother, King Richard III. The final victory of the Lancastrian faction in the Wars of the Roses may have seemed a further disaster for the Yorkist princess. But Henry Tudor knew the importance of Yorkist support for his invasion and promised to marry Elizabeth before he arrived in England. This may well have contributed to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
