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Büyük Menderes Graben
The Büyük Menderes Graben is an active rift basin in western Turkey, part of the Western Anatolian Extension Zone. It is about 140 km long and 2.5–14 km wide with a west–east trend. It was formed during the early Miocene and remains active, as shown by historical earthquakes, the largest of which was the M7.5 1653 East Smyrna earthquake. Another event, the 1899 Aydın–Denizli earthquake, also occurred on a fault associated with the graben. The graben forms a rift valley, through which the Büyük Menderes River drains into the Aegean Sea The Aegean Sea ; tr, Ege Denizi (Greek language, Greek: Αιγαίο Πέλαγος: "Egéo Pélagos", Turkish language, Turkish: "Ege Denizi" or "Adalar Denizi") is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea between Europe and Asia. It .... References Cenozoic rifts and grabens Geology of Turkey {{Turkey-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rift
In geology, a rift is a linear zone where the lithosphere is being pulled apart and is an example of extensional tectonics. Typical rift features are a central linear downfaulted depression, called a graben, or more commonly a half-graben with normal faulting and rift-flank uplifts mainly on one side. Where rifts remain above sea level they form a rift valley, which may be filled by water forming a rift lake. The axis of the rift area may contain volcanic rocks, and active volcanism is a part of many, but not all, active rift systems. Major rifts occur along the central axis of most mid-ocean ridges, where new oceanic crust and lithosphere is created along a divergent boundary between two tectonic plates. ''Failed rifts'' are the result of continental rifting that failed to continue to the point of break-up. Typically the transition from rifting to spreading develops at a triple junction where three converging rifts meet over a hotspot. Two of these evolve to the poi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a East Thrace, small portion on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. It shares borders with the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east; Iraq to the southeast; Syria and the Mediterranean Sea to the south; the Aegean Sea to the west; and Greece and Bulgaria to the northwest. Cyprus is located off the south coast. Turkish people, Turks form the vast majority of the nation's population and Kurds are the largest minority. Ankara is Turkey's capital, while Istanbul is its list of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city and financial centre. One of the world's earliest permanently Settler, settled regions, present-day Turkey was home to important Neol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates than the Pliocene has. The Miocene is preceded by the Oligocene and is followed by the Pliocene. As Earth went from the Oligocene through the Miocene and into the Pliocene, the climate slowly cooled towards a series of ice ages. The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regionally defined boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene Epoch. During the Early Miocene, the Arabian Peninsula collided with Eurasia, severing the connection between the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean, and allowing a faunal interchange to occur between Eurasia and Africa, including the dispersal of proboscideans into Eurasia. During the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1653 East Smyrna Earthquake
The 1653 Smyrna earthquake occurred on 23 February, with an estimated magnitude of 6.72±0.3 and a maximum felt intensity of X (''Extreme'') on the Mercalli intensity scale. The event was particularly devastating because it triggered a tsunami, which caused additional destruction and casualties along the coastline. The earthquake and its aftermath were documented in historical records and have been studied by modern seismologists to better understand the seismic activity in the region. See also * List of earthquakes in Turkey * List of historical earthquakes References 1653 Smyrna 1650s earthquakes 1653 natural disasters 1650s in the Ottoman Empire 1653 Events January–March * January 3 – By the Coonan Cross Oath, the Eastern Church in India cuts itself off from colonial Portuguese tutelage. * January– The Swiss Peasant War begins after magistrates meeting at Lucerne ... 1653 in Asia {{Turkey-hist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1899 Aydın–Denizli Earthquake
The 1899 Aydın–Denizli earthquake which struck present-day Turkey on September 20 resulted in between 1,117 and 1,470 fatalities. Heavy damage was reported in the provinces of Aydın Province, Aydın and Denizli Province, Denizli. The shallow normal-faulting earthquake had a maximum Modified Mercalli intensity of IX (''Violent''). Estimates of the seismic magnitude range from 6.5 to 7.1 . Tectonic setting Turkey is located in a geologically active area of the Anatolian Plate where neighbouring plates interact along boundaries, including the North Anatolian Fault, East Anatolian Fault and Hellenic subduction zone. The northward progression of the Arabian Plate towards the Anatolian Plate, and subduction of oceanic crust beneath the Anatolian Plate results in internal crustal deformation. Intraplate strike-slip faults within the Anatolian Plate accommodate this crustal deformation, together with faulting along the North Anatolian and East Anatolian faults. Western Turkey is loca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
