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Butsnevits
Butsni ( uk, Буцні) is a village in Letychiv hromada ( Летичівська селищна громада), Khmelnytskyi Raion, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine. In the past it was known as Butsnevtsy (Polish: Bucniowce, Russian: Буцневцы / Буцнёвцы, Ukrainian: Буцніовци, Буцнівці), a small town in Poland, Russian Empire, Ukraine and early Soviet Union. It was devastated during World War II. According to the 2001 Ukraine Census, the population was 201. History Bucniowce was a ''miasteczko'' in ''gmina'' , ''powiat latyczowski'' (later Letichevsky Uyezd, Podolian Governorate, Russian Empire), by the .''Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland'', 1880, vol. 1p. 433/ref> In 1880 it had population of 580, including 16 persons of ''odnodvortsy'' (petty szlachta deprived of nobility in Russian Empire after the Partitions of Poland) and 90 Jews. According to the 1897 Russian census, its population was 1265, of which 304 were Jews. Jewish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jack Rothman
Jack Rothman (born 1927) is an American sociologist and social worker. He is best known for his work in community organizing within the field of social work. He has authored some 25 books and monographs and lectured extensively on social problems and social change. His core interests include poverty, inequality, racism and multicultural relations, mental health, and community participation.Profile of Jack Rothman, Association of Community Organization and Social Administration (ACOSA), https://www.acosa.org/joomla/special-commission/special-commissioners/108-special-commissioners/54-jack-rothman (retrieved January 10, 2015). Professor Rothman is recognized nationally and internationally for “Three Models of Community Organization Practice,” a leading conceptualization of community intervention.The Ohio State University College of Social Work, http://csw.osu.edu/alumni-giving/alumni-hall-of-fame-award-recipients/ (retrieved January 10, 2015). This formulation was designated a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Letychiv
Letychiv ( uk, Летичів; pl, Latyczów; russian: Летичев) is a town in the eastern part of Khmelnytskyi Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. 51 km from Khmelnytskyi and 33 km from the railway station in Derazhnia. It was administrative center since Tsarist times, formerly in Podolia Province, although now it is administratively a part of Khmelnytskyi Raion. It hosts the administration of Letychiv Settlement Hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population according to the 2001 census was 11,081 inhabitants. Current population: There are brickworks, dairy, plant of construction material in the town. The town is located between Khmelnitskyi and Vinnytsia, at the confluence of the Volk and the Southern Bug rivers. History Founded in 1362. First historical mention is in connection with the Tatar invasions of 1411. It is mentioned first as a palisade fortress, then as a settlement under Magdeburg law in 1429. Even with natural moats on all sides, Letychiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. The rise of the Russian Empire coincided with the decline of neighbouring rival powers: the Swedish Empire, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Qajar Iran, the Ottoman Empire, and Qing China. It also held colonies in North America between 1799 and 1867. Covering an area of approximately , it remains the third-largest empire in history, surpassed only by the British Empire and the Mongol Empire; it ruled over a population of 125.6 million people per the 1897 Russian census, which was the only census carried out during the entire imperial period. Owing to its geographic extent across three continents at its peak, it featured great ethnic, linguistic, religious, and economic diversity. From the 10th–17th centuries, the land ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ESJF
A Jewish cemetery ( he, בית עלמין ''beit almin'' or ''beit kvarot'') is a cemetery where Jews are buried in keeping with Jewish tradition. Cemeteries are referred to in several different ways in Hebrew, including ''beit kevarot'' (house of sepulchers), ''beit almin'' (eternal home) or ''beit olam aba'' (house of afterlife), the ''beit chayyim'' (house of the living) and ''beit shalom'' (house of peace). The land of the cemetery is considered holy and a special consecration ceremony takes place upon its inauguration. According to Jewish tradition, Jewish burial grounds are sacred sites and must remain undisturbed in perpetuity. Establishing a cemetery is one of the first priorities for a new Jewish community. A Jewish cemetery is generally purchased and supported with communal funds. Placing stones on graves is a Jewish tradition equivalent to bringing flowers or wreaths to graves. Flowers, spices, and twigs have sometimes been used, but the stone is preferred bec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shtetl
A shtetl or shtetel (; yi, שטעטל, translit=shtetl (singular); שטעטלעך, romanized: ''shtetlekh'' (plural)) is a Yiddish term for the small towns with predominantly Ashkenazi Jewish populations which existed in Eastern Europe before the Holocaust. The term is used in the contexts of peculiarities of former East European Jewish societies as islands within the surrounding non-Jewish populace, and bears certain socio-economic and cultural connotations.Marie Schumacher-Brunhes"Shtetl" ''European History Online'', published July 3, 2015 Shtetls (or shtetels, shtetlach, shtetelach or shtetlekh) were mainly found in the areas that constituted the 19th-century Pale of Settlement in the Russian Empire as well as in Congress Poland, Austrian Galicia, Kingdom of Romania and in the Kingdom of Hungary. In Yiddish, a larger city, like Lviv or Chernivtsi, is called a ' ( yi, שטאָט), and a village is called a ' ( yi, דאָרף). "Shtetl" is a diminutive of ' with the meanin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1897 Russian Census
The first general census of the population of the Russian Empire in 1897 ( pre-reform Russian: ) was the first and only nation-wide census performed in the Russian Empire (the Grand Duchy of Finland was excluded). It recorded demographic data as of . Previously, the Central Statistical Bureau issued statistical tables based on fiscal lists (ревизские списки). The second Russian Census was scheduled for December 1915, but was cancelled because of World War I, which had begun during 1914. It was not rescheduled before the Russian Revolution. The next census in Russia only occurred at the end of 1926, almost three decades later. Organization The census project was suggested during 1877 by Pyotr Semenov-Tyan-Shansky, a famous Russian geographer and director of the Central Statistical Bureau, and was approved by Czar Nicholas II in 1895. The census was performed in two stages. For the first stage (December 1896 — January 1897) the counters (135,000 persons: t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partitions Of Poland
The Partitions of Poland were three partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that took place toward the end of the 18th century and ended the existence of the state, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland and Lithuania for 123 years. The partitions were conducted by the Habsburg monarchy, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the Russian Empire, which divided up the Commonwealth lands among themselves progressively in the process of territorial seizures and annexations. The First Partition was decided on August 5, 1772 after the Bar Confederation lost the war with Russia. The Second Partition occurred in the aftermath of the Polish–Russian War of 1792 and the Targowica Confederation of 1792 when Russian and Prussian troops entered the Commonwealth and the partition treaty was signed during the Grodno Sejm on January 23, 1793 (without Austria). The Third Partition took place on October 24, 1795, in reaction to the unsuccessful Polish Kościuszko Uprising the previ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petty Szlachta
The ''szlachta'' (Polish: endonym, Lithuanian: šlėkta) were the noble estate of the realm in the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth who, as a class, had the dominating position in the state, exercising extensive political rights and power. Szlachta as a class differed significantly from the feudal nobility of Western Europe. The estate was officially abolished in 1921 by the March Constitution."Szlachta. Szlachta w Polsce" ''Encyklopedia PWN'' The origins of the ''szlachta'' are obscure and the subject of several theories. Traditionally, its members owned land (allods), [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odnodvortsy
Odnodvortsy (Russian: ''однодворцы'') was a social group of the Russian gentry in the late 17th — mid-19th centuries. Those of this group who failed to prove nobility or regain it through the Table of Ranks were ranked with the state peasantry. History Origins The word ''odnodvortsy'' was first mentioned in the late 1500s.Ляпин Д.А. Дети боярские Елецкого уезда в конце XVI - XVII вв. : диссертация на соискание степени кандидата исторических наук. Воронеж, 2006. С. 103. Up until the mid-17th century ''odnodvortsy'' was a temporary state of landed gentry (boyar scions) who did not have peasants on their estates. The word odnodvorets''' (singular for ''odnodvorsty'') literally means 'owning one homestead (''dvor)'''. Denis Lyapin pointed out that if, however, relations of a boyar scion had their own house on his estate, such a gentleman was not ranked as ''odnodvoret ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geographical Dictionary Of The Kingdom Of Poland
The Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland and other Slavic Countries ( pl, Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich) is a monumental Polish gazetteer, published 1880–1902 in Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ... by Filip Sulimierski, Bronisław Chlebowski, Władysław Walewski and others. External links Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego* Alphabetic index DjVu format with a search engineAn index for a DjVu browser Gazetteers Polish encyclopedias Geographic history of Poland History books about Poland 1880 books 19th-century encyclopedias 20th-century encyclopedias {{poland-book-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Podolian Governorate
The Podolia Governorate or Podillia Governorate (), set up after the Second Partition of Poland, was a governorate (''gubernia'', ''province'', or ''government'') of the Russian Empire from 1793 to 1917, of the Ukrainian People's Republic from 1917 to 1921, and of the Ukrainian SSR from 1921 to 1925. History The Government of Podolia was established right after the Second Partition of Poland in place of the former Podole and Bracław Voivodeships in 1793. Location The Podolian Governorate occupied the southwestern frontier of the former Russian empire, bordering Austria-Hungary, and had an area of about 42,000 km2. The administrative centre was Kamenets-Podolskiy until 1914 when it moved to Vinnytsia. Podolia Governorate was one of the three governorates of the Southwestern Krai administration. In 1917 it was recognized by the Russian Provisional Government to be governed by the General Secretariat of Ukraine as the representative of the Russian Provisional Government i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hromada
A hromada ( uk, територіальна громада, lit=territorial community, translit=terytorialna hromada) is a basic unit of administrative division in Ukraine, similar to a municipality. It was established by the Government of Ukraine on 12 June 2020. Similar terms exist in Poland (''gromada'') and in Belarus (''hramada''). The literal translation of this term is "community", similarly to the terms used in western European states, such as Germany ('' Gemeinde''), France (''commune'') and Italy (''comune''). History In history of Ukraine and Belarus, hromadas appeared first as village communities, which gathered their meetings for discussing and resolving current issues. In the 19th century, there were a number of political organizations of the same name, particularly in Belarus. Prior to 2020, the basic units of administrative division in Ukraine were rural councils, settlement councils and city councils, which were often referred to by the generic term ''hromada ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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