Bowler Nemesis
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Bowler Nemesis
The Bowler Nemesis is an off-road racing vehicle designed, manufactured and sold by Bowler Off-Road. The Nemesis is intended to be used in endurance rally raid events such as the Dakar Rally and Rallye des Pharaons. Design and construction The Nemesis takes styling elements such as grille, headlights and rear lights from the Range Rover Sport. Like the Bowler Wildcat that preceded it, the Nemesis has a tubular steel spaceframe construction that incorporates a roll cage as an integral part of the frame structure. The spaceframe and roll cage are approved by the Motor Sports Association for racing. Unlike the Wildcat, the Nemesis features a fully independent suspension design. Bowler offers the Nemesis with 4.0 or 4.4-litre displacement naturally aspirated V8 or a 4.2-litre displacement supercharged V8. A six speed manual transmission is fitted as standard with the option of a dog engagement racing transmission. The vehicle features a 60/40 torque split limited slip center diffe ...
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Bowler Off Road
Bowler Motors Limited is a manufacturer of off-road racing vehicles based on the Land Rover Defender and Range Rover chassis. The company is located in the town of Belper, Derbyshire, in the United Kingdom. Company The company was founded by Drew Bowler, who founded the company in 1985, after modifying a Land Rover Series I to drive competitively. After seeing considerable success, he started taking orders from others for similar vehicles. Bowler began his company with 8 people designing and building aftermarket parts and rally raid vehicles in the Bowler family farm in Derbyshire, United Kingdom. Bowler originally designed and produced the Bowler Tomcat which was sold and then the development of the Bowler Wildcat began. In December 2007 the manufacturing rights to the Wildcat were sold by Bowler to Qt Services, to provide support to existing Wildcat owners while Bowler concentrated on production of their newer vehicle, the Bowler Nemesis. In late 2009 the concept of the ro ...
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Naturally Aspirated
Naturally may refer to: ;Albums * ''Naturally!'', an album by Nat Adderley * ''Naturally'' (Houston Person album) * ''Naturally'' (J. J. Cale album) * ''Naturally'' (John Pizzarelli album) * ''Naturally'' (Sharon Jones album) * ''Naturally'' (Three Dog Night album) ;Songs * "Naturally" (Deborah Gibson song) * "Naturally" (Kalapana song) * "Naturally" (Selena Gomez & the Scene song) * "Naturally", a song by Ayumi Hamasaki from '' I Am...'' * "Naturally", a song by Heatwave from ''Current'' * "Naturally", a song by Huey Lewis and the News from ''Fore!'' * "Naturally", a song by Raffi from ''Bananaphone'' * "Naturally", a song by Fat Mattress from ''Fat Mattress II'' * "Naturally", a song by Katy Hudson (better known by her current stage name Katy Perry Katheryn Elizabeth Hudson (born October 25, 1984), known professionally as Katy Perry, is an American singer, songwriter, and television personality. Known for her influence on modern pop music and her Camp (style), cam ...
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Jaguar XKR
The Jaguar XK is a two-door 2+2 grand tourer manufactured and marketed by British automobile manufacturer Jaguar Cars from 1996–2014 in hatchback coupé and convertible bodystyles, across two generations. The XK was introduced at the Geneva Motor Show in March 1996 and was discontinued in July 2014. The first generation was marketed as the XK8, replacing the XJS and was Jaguar's first 8-cylinder model since the Daimler 250, introducing the all-new Jaguar AJ-V8 engine. The XK8 shared its platform with the Aston Martin DB7 which was itself based on the stillborn XJ41/42 project built on a modified XJ-S chassis conceived in the mid-1980s. The second generation of the XK, noted for its aluminium monocoque chassis and construction, was launched in 2006 for the 2007 model year. The XKR performance variant was introduced in both of the generations with the second generation also offering a more powerful XKR-S variant. XK8/XKR (1996–2006) The XK8 was launched in 19 ...
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Bowler EXR-S
Bowler may refer to: Places United States * Bowler Hill, Missouri * Bowler, Montana * Bowler, Virginia * Bowler, Wisconsin Other places * Bowler Rocks, a group of rocks off the north coast of Greenwich Island, Antarctica Sports * Bowler (cricket), a cricketer who delivers the ball to an opposing batsman * Bowler (ten-pin), someone participating in the sport of bowling Other * Bowler hat, a hard felt hat with a rounded crown * Bowler (surname), an English surname * ''Bowler'' (TV series), a 1973 British television series and spin off of ''The Fenn Street Gang'' * Bowler Communications System, a protocol for controlling CNC machines * Bowler Offroad, a maker of offroad vehicles * Bowler, in marbles, a ⅞ inch (22mm) marble * James "Lord Bowler" Lonefeather, a fictional character in ''The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr.'' See also * Bowl (other) * Bowling (other) * John Bowler (other) * Peter Bowler (other) Peter Bowler may refer to: * Pe ...
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Fuel Tank
A fuel tank (also called a petrol tank or gas tank) is a safe container for flammable fluids. Though any storage tank for fuel may be so called, the term is typically applied to part of an engine system in which the fuel is stored and propelled (fuel pump) or released (pressurized gas) into an engine. Fuel tanks range in size and complexity from the small plastic tank of a butane lighter to the multi-chambered cryogenic Space Shuttle external tank. Uses Typically, a fuel tank must allow or provide the following: * Storage of fuel: the system must contain a given quantity of fuel and must avoid leakage and limit evaporative emissions. * Filling: the fuel tank must be filled in a secure way, without sparks. * Provide a method for determining level of fuel in tank, gauging (the remaining quantity of fuel in the tank must be measured or evaluated). * Venting (if over-pressure is not allowed, the fuel vapors must be managed through valves). * Feeding of the engine (throug ...
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Carbon Fibre
Carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (American English), carbon-fibre-reinforced polymers (Commonwealth English), carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics, carbon-fiber reinforced-thermoplastic (CFRP, CRP, CFRTP), also known as carbon fiber, carbon composite, or just carbon, are extremely strong and light fiber-reinforced plastics that contain carbon fibers. CFRPs can be expensive to produce, but are commonly used wherever high strength-to-weight ratio and stiffness (rigidity) are required, such as aerospace, superstructures of ships, automotive, civil engineering, sports equipment, and an increasing number of consumer and technical applications. The binding polymer is often a thermoset resin such as epoxy, but other thermoset or thermoplastic polymers, such as polyester, vinyl ester, or nylon, are sometimes used. The properties of the final CFRP product can be affected by the type of additives introduced to the binding matrix (resin). The most common additive is silica, but other addit ...
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Composite Material
A composite material (also called a composition material or shortened to composite, which is the common name) is a material which is produced from two or more constituent materials. These constituent materials have notably dissimilar chemical or physical properties and are merged to create a material with properties unlike the individual elements. Within the finished structure, the individual elements remain separate and distinct, distinguishing composites from mixtures and solid solutions. Typical engineered composite materials include: *Reinforced concrete and masonry *Composite wood such as plywood *Reinforced plastics, such as fibre-reinforced polymer or fiberglass *Ceramic matrix composites ( composite ceramic and metal matrices) *Metal matrix composites *and other advanced composite materials There are various reasons where new material can be favoured. Typical examples include materials which are less expensive, lighter, stronger or more durable when compared with commo ...
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Limited Slip Differential
A limited-slip differential (LSD) is a type of differential that allows its two output shafts to rotate at different speeds but limits the maximum difference between the two shafts. Limited-slip differentials are often known by the generic trademark Positraction, a brand name owned by General Motors. In an automobile, such limited-slip differentials are sometimes used in place of a standard differential, where they convey certain dynamic advantages, at the expense of greater complexity. Early history In 1932, Ferdinand Porsche designed a Grand Prix racing car for the Auto Union company. The high power of the design caused one of the rear wheels to experience excessive wheel spin at any speed up to . In 1935, Porsche commissioned the engineering firm ZF to design a limited-slip differential to improve performance. The ZF "sliding pins and cams" became available, and one example was the Type B-70 used during the Second World War in the military VWs ( Kübelwagen and Schwimmwa ...
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Torque Split
In physics and mechanics, torque is the rotational equivalent of linear force. It is also referred to as the moment of force (also abbreviated to moment). It represents the capability of a force to produce change in the rotational motion of the body. The concept originated with the studies by Archimedes of the usage of levers, which is reflected in his famous quote: "''Give me a lever and a place to stand and I will move the Earth''". Just as a linear force is a push or a pull, a torque can be thought of as a twist to an object around a specific axis. Torque is defined as the product of the magnitude of the perpendicular component of the force and the distance of the line of action of a force from the point around which it is being determined. The law of conservation of energy can also be used to understand torque. The symbol for torque is typically \boldsymbol\tau, the lowercase Greek letter ''tau''. When being referred to as moment of force, it is commonly denoted by . In th ...
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Manual Transmission
A manual transmission (MT), also known as manual gearbox, standard transmission (in Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States), or stick shift (in the United States), is a multi-speed motor vehicle transmission (mechanics), transmission system, where gear changes require the driver to manually select the gears by operating a gear stick and clutch (which is usually a foot pedal for cars or a hand lever for motorcycles). Early automobiles used ''sliding-mesh'' manual transmissions with up to three forward gear ratios. Since the 1950s, ''constant-mesh'' manual transmissions have become increasingly commonplace and the number of forward ratios has increased to 5-speed and 6-speed manual transmissions for current vehicles. The alternative to a manual transmission is an automatic transmission; common types of automatic transmissions are the Automatic transmission#Hydraulic automatic transmissions, hydraulic automatic transmission (AT), and the continuously variable transmissio ...
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Supercharged
In an internal combustion engine, a supercharger compresses the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to produce more power for a given displacement. The current categorisation is that a supercharger is a form of forced induction that is mechanically powered (usually by a belt from the engine's crankshaft), as opposed to a turbocharger, which is powered by the kinetic energy of the exhaust gasses. However, up until the mid-20th century, a turbocharger was called a "turbosupercharger" and was considered a type of supercharger. The first supercharged engine was built in 1878, with usage in aircraft engines beginning in the 1910s and usage in car engines beginning in the 1920s. In piston engines used by aircraft, supercharging was often used to compensate for the lower air density at high altitudes. Supercharging is less commonly used in the 21st century, as manufacturers have shifted to turbochargers to reduce fuel consumption and/or increase power outputs. Des ...
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