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Bowers Gifford
Bowers Gifford is a small village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Bowers Gifford and North Benfleet, in southern Essex, England. It is located east of Basildon, between Pitsea and Thundersley. Pillboxes in the surrounding fields testify to its wartime role in defending the Thames Estuary which it overlooks. In 1931 the parish had a population of 468. The place-name 'Bowers Gifford' is first attested in the Domesday Book of 1086, where it appears as ''Bura'', meaning 'cottages', from the Old English ''bur'', in modern English ''bower''. The 'Gifford' element relates to its lords of the manor. History The Giffards appear to have held the Manor of Bures Gifford as early as the reign of Edward I. In 1253, William Giffard, and Gundred his wife, were possessed of the advowson of the Church of S. Margaret de Bures; and in 1259 William Giffard is recorded as holding 100a of land in Bures, by the Sergeancy of making the King's lard or bacon, whenever he should be in England ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bowers Gifford And North Benfleet
Bowers Gifford and North Benfleet is a civil parish in the Basildon district, located within the county of Essex, England. The parish includes the villages of Bowers Gifford and North Benfleet. The parish was formed on 1 April 2010. In 2021 the parish had a census recorded population of 1962. There are 7 listed buildings in Bowers Gifford and North Benfleet. The local council is Bowers Gifford and North Benfleet Parish Council. History Bowers Gifford had been an ancient parish, that included an exclave on Canvey Island. The parish was originally under the Hundred of Barstable, and became part of the Billericay sanitary district in 1872. From 1894, the parish became part of the Billericay Rural District, North Benfleet has a similar history. It was an ancient parish with four distinct exclaves on Canvey Island. The five exclaves of Bowers Gifford and North Benfleet on the island were eliminated in 1880 when the civil parish of Canvey Island was created. North Benfeet parish beca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lords Of The Manor
Lord of the Manor is a title that, in Anglo-Saxon England, referred to the landholder of a rural estate. The lord enjoyed manorial rights (the rights to establish and occupy a residence, known as the manor house and demesne) as well as seignory, the right to grant or draw benefit from the estate. The title continues in modern England and Wales as a legally recognised form of property that can be held independently of its historical rights. It may belong entirely to one person or be a moiety shared with other people. A title similar to such a lordship is known in French as ''Sieur'' or , in German, (Kaleagasi) in Turkish, in Norwegian and Swedish, in Welsh, in Dutch, and or in Italian. Types Historically a lord of the manor could either be a tenant-in-chief if he held a capital manor directly from the Crown, or a mesne lord if he was the vassal of another lord. The origins of the lordship of manors arose in the Anglo-Saxon system of manorialism. Following the No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Villages In Essex
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town (although the word is often used to describe both hamlets and smaller towns), with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Though villages are often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighborhoods. Villages are normally permanent, with fixed dwellings; however, transient villages can occur. Further, the dwellings of a village are fairly close to one another, not scattered broadly over the landscape, as a dispersed settlement. In the past, villages were a usual form of community for societies that practice subsistence agriculture, and also for some non-agricultural societies. In Great Britain, a hamlet earned the right to be called a village when it built a church. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Billericay
Billericay ( ) is a town and civil parish in the Borough of Basildon, Essex, England. It lies within the London Basin and constitutes a commuter town east of Central London. The town has three secondary schools and a variety of open spaces. It is thought to have been occupied since the Bronze Age. Toponym The origin of the name Billericay is unclear. It was first recorded as "Byllyrica" in 1291. The urban settlement, which was within the manor and parish of Great Burstead, was one of many founded in the late 13th century in an already densely populated rural landscape. Several suggestions for the origin of the place name include: * ''Villa Erica'' (Heather Villa), suggesting a Romano-British origin. * ''bellerīca'', a medieval Latin word meaning 'dyehouse or tanhouse'. * ''billers'', a traditional name for watercress, for which Bilbrook in Somerset and Staffordshire are named. Watercress was farmed in Billericay springs during the 20th century. Although the precise etymology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Church Of St Margaret, Bowers Gifford
The Church of St Margaret is a 14th-century grade II listed church near Bowers Gifford, Essex. The church is notable for its surrounding fields and marshland and its adjacency to the main C2C railway line to London. As is common with many Essex churches, it features a wooden bell-cot surmounting a stone tower. Location The church is two miles east of Basildon in south Essex, separated from the River Thames by Canvey Island. Originally the church served a remote village surrounded by estuary marshes, as a result of this the church sits 10 meters above sea level. History In 1086, the Domesday Book stated Bowers Gifford had four landholders, four ploughs, and sheep. A wooden Saxon church stood at that time. St Margaret's Church dates back to 1350; officially the Church is known as St Margaret's of Antioch. Exterior history A two-stage stone tower is supported by a heavy diagonal buttress on the south west corner. On the south west side is a semi-circular relieving arch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Horndon
West Horndon is a village and civil parish in the south of the Borough of Brentwood, Essex on the boundary with Thurrock. It is located 20 miles (32 km) east north-east of Charing Cross in London. The civil parish also includes East Horndon and Dunton Hills. The village has its own parish council and forms part of the 'Herongate, Ingrave and West Horndon' ward of Brentwood Council. The local school is West Horndon Primary School, and the village falls within the Brentwood County High catchment area. West Horndon parish was abolished in 1934 and created again in 2003 with new boundaries following a petition by residents in 2002. History West Horndon was an ancient parish in the Barnstable hundred of Essex. It was grouped into the Billericay poor law union and rural sanitary district. It became part of Billericay Rural District in 1894.http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit_page.jsp?u_id=10186389#tab02 In 1934 the parish was abolished when it became part of Brentwood Urban ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frankpledge
Frankpledge was a system of joint suretyship common in England throughout the Early Middle Ages and High Middle Ages. The essential characteristic was the compulsory sharing of responsibility among persons connected in tithings. This unit, under a leader known as the chief-pledge or tithing-man, was then responsible for producing any man of that tithing suspected of a crime. If the man did not appear, the entire group could be fined. While women, clergy and the richer freemen were exempt, otherwise all men over 12 years of age were organised in the system for mutual surety. Origins The first mention of frankpledge comes in 1114–1118, with the ''Leges Henrici Primi''; but 12th-century figures like William of Malmesbury William of Malmesbury ( la, Willelmus Malmesbiriensis; ) was the foremost English historian of the 12th century. He has been ranked among the most talented English historians since Bede. Modern historian C. Warren Hollister described him as "a ... were kee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barstable Hundred
Barstable was a Hundred in the English County of Essex. Both the hundred and the manor with the same name are mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086. A number of parishes in the western part of the Barstable hundred are now in Thurrock. Location Barstable is bordered on the east by Rochford hundred; on the north by Chelmsford hundred; on the north-west by the Ongar hundred; on the west by Chafford hundred (with the boundary in part following the Mardyke) and on the south by the river Thames. The parish boundary between Grays Thurrock and Little Thurrock is also the hundred boundary between Barstable and Chafford. The interlocking boundary between these parishes suggests the existence of a common pasture originally shared, prior to the establishment of the hundred boundary. Name The name of the hundred was normally that of its meeting-place. Barstaple hundred takes its name from a location or settlement that is now in Basildon new town. This is mentioned as the manor of Barstable ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Advowson
Advowson () or patronage is the right in English law of a patron (avowee) to present to the diocesan bishop (or in some cases the ordinary if not the same person) a nominee for appointment to a vacant ecclesiastical benefice or church living, a process known as ''presentation'' (''jus praesentandi'', Latin: "the right of presenting"). The word derives, via French, from the Latin ''advocare'', from ''vocare'' "to call" plus ''ad'', "to, towards", thus a "summoning". It is the right to nominate a person to be parish priest (subject to episcopal – that is, one bishop's – approval), and each such right in each parish was mainly first held by the lord of the principal manor. Many small parishes only had one manor of the same name. Origin The creation of an advowson was a secondary development arising from the process of creating parishes across England in the 11th and 12th centuries, with their associated parish churches. A major impetus to this development was the legal exac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward I Of England
Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England and Lord of Ireland from 1272 to 1307. Concurrently, he ruled the duchies of Aquitaine and Gascony as a vassal of the French king. Before his accession to the throne, he was commonly referred to as the Lord Edward. The eldest son of Henry III, Edward was involved from an early age in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included a rebellion by the English barons. In 1259, he briefly sided with a baronial reform movement, supporting the Provisions of Oxford. After reconciliation with his father, however, he remained loyal throughout the subsequent armed conflict, known as the Second Barons' War. After the Battle of Lewes, Edward was held hostage by the rebellious barons, but escaped after a few months and defeated the baronial leader Simon de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham in 1265. Within two years the rebellion was extin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eilert Ekwall
Bror Oscar Eilert Ekwall (born 8 January 1877 in Vallsjö (now in Sävsjö, Jönköpings län), Sweden, died 23 November 1964 in Lund, Skåne län, Sweden), known as Eilert Ekwall, was Professor of English at Sweden's Lund University from 1909 to 1942 and was one of the outstanding scholars of the English language in the first half of the 20th century. He wrote works on the history of English, but he is best known as the author of numerous important books on English placenames (in the broadest sense) and personal names. Scholarly works His chief works in this area are ''The Place-Names of Lancashire'' (1922), ''English Place-Names in -ing'' (1923, new edition 1961), ''English River Names'' (1928), ''Studies on English Place- and Personal Names'' (1931), ''Studies on English Place-Names'' (1936), ''Street-Names of the City of London'' (1954), ''Studies on the Population of Medieval London'' (1956), and the monumental ''Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names'' (1936, new e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old English
Old English (, ), or Anglo-Saxon, is the earliest recorded form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages. It was brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain, Anglo-Saxon settlers in the mid-5th century, and the first Old English literature, Old English literary works date from the mid-7th century. After the Norman conquest of 1066, English was replaced, for a time, by Anglo-Norman language, Anglo-Norman (a langues d'oïl, relative of French) as the language of the upper classes. This is regarded as marking the end of the Old English era, since during this period the English language was heavily influenced by Anglo-Norman, developing into a phase known now as Middle English in England and Early Scots in Scotland. Old English developed from a set of Anglo-Frisian languages, Anglo-Frisian or Ingvaeonic dialects originally spoken by Germanic peoples, Germanic tribes traditionally known as the Angles, Sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
