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Bonin Flying Fox
The Bonin flying fox, Bonin fruit bat (''Pteropus pselaphon''), or in Japanese is a species of flying fox in the family Pteropodidae. It is endemic to four islands (Chichijima, Hahajima, North Iwo Jima, and South Iwo Jima) in Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Its natural habitat is subtropical forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. Etymology The Bonin flying fox was described by British naturalist George Tradescant Lay in 1829. He gave it the species name ''pselaphon'' as a reference to "the habit of feeling instead of seeing its way in the day time." ''Pselaphon'' is a New Latin word ."Pselaphus." Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, n.d. Web. 3 September 2017. Taxonomy As the Pteropus genus is quite speciose, it is traditionally divided into closely related species groups, identified based on morphology. Traditionally, the Bonin flying fox has been the identifier of the ''pselaphon'' species group, of which there are several other members: *the extinct large Palau flying fox * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Tradescant Lay
George Tradescant Lay (c. 1800 – 6 November 1845) was a British naturalist, missionary and diplomat. Lay was a naturalist on the English sailing ship HMS ''Blossom'' under the command of Captain Frederick William Beechey from 1825 to 1828, where he collected specimens in the Pacific including California, Alaska, Kamchatka, China, Mexico, South America, and Hawaii, and other South Pacific islands. He is credited as being one of the discoverers of the flower ''Layia gaillardioides'', as a result having the genus ''Layia'' named for him. He then went on to become a missionary in China for the British and Foreign Bible Society from 1836 to 1839. During this time, he studied the Chinese language and culture. Upon returning to England in 1839, his experience in China helped him obtain a position of British Consul in China. He was posted in Canton in 1843, then Foochow in 1844, and finally Amoy in 1845, before dying later that year from a fever. His son, Horatio Nelson Lay follo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Large Palau Flying Fox
The large Palau flying fox (''Pteropus pilosus'') is an extinct species of medium-sized megabats from the Palau Islands in Micronesia. It had brownish fur with long, silvery hairs on its belly, and a wingspan of about 60 cm. It probably became extinct around 1874, possibly due to overhunting. It is known from two specimens, one of which is in the Natural History Museum, London The Natural History Museum in London is a museum that exhibits a vast range of specimens from various segments of natural history. It is one of three major museums on Exhibition Road in South Kensington, the others being the Science Museum an .... References Mammal extinctions since 1500 Pteropus Mammals described in 1908 Extinct animals of Oceania Taxa named by Knud Andersen Endemic fauna of Palau {{Palau-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aldabra Flying Fox
The Aldabra flying fox (''Pteropus aldabrensis'') is a species of megabat in the genus ''Pteropus''. It is endemic to the Aldabra Atoll in the Seychelles, like ''Chaerephon pusilla'', though the latter may be the same species as the little free-tailed bat. Taxonomy The bat was given its scientific name in an 1893 publication by Frederick W. True, an American biologist and curator at the United States National Museum (now part of the Smithsonian Institution). True based his description of the species on two specimens collected in 1892 by William Louis Abbott, an American doctor and naturalist. Biology and ecology Like other megabats, commonly known as fruit bats, the Aldabra flying fox is herbivorous. It has been observed eating fruit from the evergreens Calophyllum inophyllum and Mystroxylon aethiopicum, the Indian almond, and fig trees such as the giant-leaved fig, Ficus rubra, and Ficus reflexa. The bat also eats flowers from the coconut tree and sisal plant and the leave ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lyle's Flying Fox
Lyle's flying fox (''Pteropus lylei'') is a species of flying fox in the family Pteropodidae. It is found in Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam, with an outlying population in Yunnan, China. It faces persecution from farmers and it is killed for bushmeat in parts of its range.Mickleburgh, S., Waylen, K., & Racey, P. (2009). Bats as bushmeat: a global review. Oryx, 43(02), 217–234. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being " vulnerable". Description Lyle's flying fox is a moderate-sized species. It has a long snout, large eyes, pointed ears and a fox-like face. The upper parts are mostly blackish apart from a broad collar of orange fur and sometimes a dark brown or yellowish-brown lower body. The wings are black or dark brown, while the underparts are dark brownish-black. Distribution and habitat Lyle's flying fox is endemic to the countries in southern Asia adjoining the Gulf of Thailand, its range extending from southern Thailan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Flying Fox
The Indian flying fox (''Pteropus medius'', formerly ''Pteropus giganteus''), also known as the greater Indian fruit bat, is a species of flying fox native to the Indian subcontinent. It is one of the largest bats in the world. It is of interest as a disease vector, as it is capable of transmitting several viruses to humans. It is nocturnal and feeds mainly on ripe fruits, such as mangoes and bananas, and nectar. This species is often regarded as vermin due to its destructive tendencies towards fruit farms, but the benefits of its pollination and seed propagation often outweigh the impacts of its fruit consumption. Taxonomy and phylogeny The Indian flying fox was described as a new species by Dutch zoologist and museum curator Coenraad Jacob Temminck in 1825 who gave it the scientific name ''Pteropus medius''. Confusion over the name has prevailed in the literature as in 1782 Danish zoologist Morten Thrane Brünnich, gave the scientific name ''Vespertilio gigantea'' as a re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Large Flying Fox
The large flying fox (''Pteropus vampyrus'', formerly ''Pteropus giganteus''), also known as the greater flying fox, Malayan flying fox, Malaysian flying fox, large fruit bat, kalang, or kalong, is a southeast Asian species of megabat in the family Pteropodidae. Despite its scientific name, it feeds exclusively on fruits, nectar, and flowers, like the other flying foxes of the genus ''Pteropus''. It is noted for being one of the largest bats. As with nearly all other Old World fruit bats, it lacks the ability to echolocate but compensates for it with well-developed eyesight. Taxonomy The large flying fox was one of the many mammal species originally described by Carl Linnaeus in the landmark 1758 10th edition of his ''Systema Naturae'', receiving the name ''Vespertilio vampyrus''. The holotype was collected on Java. Its species name "''vampyrus''" is derived from Slavic "wampir" meaning "blood-sucking ghost or demon: vampire". This name was chosen in reference to its "allege ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rodrigues Flying Fox
The Rodrigues flying fox or Rodrigues fruit bat (''Pteropus rodricensis'') is a species of bat in the family Pteropodidae, the flying foxes or fruit bats. It is endemic to Rodrigues, an island in the Indian Ocean belonging to Mauritius. Its natural habitat is tropical lowland forests. The bats are sociable, roost in large groups during the day and feed at night, squeezing the juice and flesh out of fruits. They are hunted by humans for food and their numbers have been dwindling, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated the species as being "endangered". In an effort to preserve them from extinction, some bats have been caught and are being bred in various zoos around the world. Ecology It is a sociable species which lives in large groups. It can reach 350 g in weight and has a wingspan of 90 cm. At night, the bats forage in dry woodland for fruit of various trees, such as tamarinds, rose-apples, mangoes, palms, and figs. Like many other fruit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Little Golden-mantled Flying Fox
The little golden-mantled flying fox (''Pteropus pumilus'') is a species of bat in the family Pteropodidae. It is found in Indonesia and the Philippines. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. Description The little golden-mantled flying fox is one of the smallest species of fruit bat, weighs about and has a wingspan of about . The fur on its body is golden brown and it often has a paler head and mantle. This bat has claws on its feet and one (its thumbnail) on the end of its wings. Distribution and habitat The little golden-mantled flying fox is native to the Philippines and Miangas (Palmas), the northernmost island in Indonesia. In the Philippines, it is known from Balut, Camiguin, Leyte, Maripipi, Masbate, Mindanao, Mindoro, Negros, Panay, Sibuyan, Siquijor and Tablas. It occurs at altitudes of up to about and is most common on smaller islands. Its habitat is primary forest and well-grown secondary forest. Behaviour The little golden-mantled flying f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ryukyu Flying Fox
The Ryukyu flying fox or Ryukyu fruit bat (''Pteropus dasymallus'') is a species of megabat in the family Pteropodidae. It is found in Japan, Taiwan, and the Batanes and Babuyan Islands of the Philippines. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical swamps. It is threatened by habitat loss and by hunting for food and the IUCN classify it as " Vulnerable". Taxonomy and etymology It was described as a new species in 1825 by Dutch zoologist Coenraad Jacob Temminck. Temminck acquired the specimens used for his description from Dutch businessman Jan Cock Blomhoff Its species name "''dasymallus''" is likely ; Temminck described its fur as long and woolly. The five subspecies are: * Daito fruit bat - ''P. d. daitoensis'' * Erabu fruit bat - ''P. d. dasymallus'' * Taiwanese fruit bat - ''P. d. formosus'' * Orii's fruit bat - ''P. d. inopinatus'' * Yaeyama fruit bat - ''P. d. yayeyamae'' The subspecies are based on populations that occur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetics
In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek language, Greek wikt:φυλή, φυλή/wikt:φῦλον, φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms. These relationships are determined by Computational phylogenetics, phylogenetic inference methods that focus on observed heritable traits, such as DNA sequences, Protein, protein Amino acid, amino acid sequences, or Morphology (biology), morphology. The result of such an analysis is a phylogenetic tree—a diagram containing a hypothesis of relationships that reflects the evolutionary history of a group of organisms. The tips of a phylogenetic tree can be living taxa or fossils, and represent the "end" or the present time in an evolutionary lineage. A phylogenetic diagram can be rooted or unrooted. A rooted tree diagram indicates the hypothetical common ancestor of the tree. An un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White-winged Flying Fox
The white-winged flying fox (''Desmalopex leucopterus''), also known as the mottle-winged flying fox is a species of bat in the family Pteropodidae. They are endemic to the Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ .... Their natural habitats are subtropical and tropical dry forests. In 2008, Giannini et al. revived the genus ''Desmalopex'' and placed ''D. leucopterus'' in it. References Mammals of the Philippines Desmalopex Mammals described in 1853 Bats of Southeast Asia Taxa named by Coenraad Jacob Temminck Endemic fauna of the Philippines Fauna of Luzon Fauna of Catanduanes Fauna of Dinagat Islands Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{fruit-bat-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chuuk Flying Fox
''Pteropus pelagicus'' is a species of fruit bat in the family Pteropodidae. It includes two subspecies that were formerly recognized as full species— ''Pteropus insularis'' (Chuuk flying fox) and ''Pteropus phaeocephalus'' (Mortlock flying fox). It is endemic to Micronesia. It is threatened by habitat loss. Etymology and taxonomy The species was described by German naturalist Heinrich von Kittlitz in 1836. He gave it the species name '' pelagicus'' .Kittlitz FH. (1836. eprinted 1971 Observation Zoologiques faites pendant l’expédition de la corvette Le Séniavine. In: Lütke F, Voyage autour du monde, 1826–1829, Volume 3 Bibliotheca Australiana No. 60. Da Capo Press, New York, 237–330 In 2013, a study was published that challenged the status of the Chuuk flying fox and the Mortlock flying fox as species. The study stated that the Chuuk flying fox was not significantly different from the Mortlock flying fox, and that they represent two subspecies of the same spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
