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Bolster Heath
Bolster heath or cushion moorland is a type of vegetation community that features a patchwork of very low growing, tightly packed plants found at the limits of some alpine environments. The cushion plants form a smooth surfaced 'cushions' from several different plants, hence the common name of cushion heath. The cushion growth habit provides protection against the desiccating wind and help keep the cluster warm. Bolster heath is very slow growing and thus very fragile. Most propagation is by slow expansion, although two species, ''Abrotanella forsteroides'' and '' Pterygopappus lawrencei'' produce enough viable seed to survive fire. The other species are generally permanently destroyed by fire. The soil in bolster heath is generally quite poor, often gravel with a thin layer of peat. Tasmanian bolster heaths Asteraceae * ''Abrotanella forsteroides'' ('' Abrotanella'') * ''Ewartia meredithiae'' ('' Ewartia'') * '' Pterygopappus lawrencei'' ('' Pterygopappus'') Caryophyllace ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alpine Climate
Alpine climate is the typical weather (climate) for elevations above the tree line, where trees fail to grow due to cold. This climate is also referred to as a mountain climate or highland climate. Definition There are multiple definitions of alpine climate. In the Köppen climate classification, the alpine and mountain climates are part of group ''E'', along with the polar climate, where no month has a mean temperature higher than . According to the Holdridge life zone system, there are two mountain climates which prevent tree growth : a) the alpine climate, which occurs when the mean biotemperature of a location is between . The alpine climate in Holdridge system is roughly equivalent to the warmest tundra climates (ET) in the Köppen system. b) the alvar climate, the coldest mountain climate since the biotemperature is between 0 °C and 1.5 °C (biotemperature can never be below 0 °C). It corresponds more or less to the coldest tundra climates and to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epacridaceae
The Ericaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with c.4250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it the 14th most species-rich family of flowering plants. The many well known and economically important members of the Ericaceae include the cranberry, blueberry, huckleberry, rhododendron (including azaleas), and various common heaths and heathers (''Erica'', ''Cassiope'', ''Daboecia'', and ''Calluna'' for example). Description The Ericaceae contain a morphologically diverse range of taxa, including herbs, dwarf shrubs, shrubs, and trees. Their leaves are usually evergreen, alternate or whorled, simple and without stipules. Their flowers are hermaphrodite and show considerable variability. The petals are often fused (sympetalous) with shapes ranging from narrowly tubular to funnelform or widely urn-shaped. The corollas are usually ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centrolepis
''Centrolepis'' is a genus of small herbaceous plants in the family Restionaceae known as thorn grass scales, with about 25 species native to Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea, and south-east Asia as far north as Hainan Dao. APG III system classifies this genus in the Centrolepidaceae family. ''Centrolepis'' species are all tufted plants with narrow leaves from the base. Flowers are tiny and wind-pollinated, in highly condensed inflorescences enclosed between a pair of bracts that often have leaf-like points. ; Species * ''Centrolepis alepyroides'' (Nees) Walp. - Avon + Darling in Western Australia * ''Centrolepis aristata'' (R.Br.) Roem. & Schult. - Western Australia, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, New South Wales * ''Centrolepis banksii'' (R.Br.) Roem. & Schult. - Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, Hainan, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia * ''Centrolepis caespitosa'' D.A.Cooke - Western Australia * ''Centrolepis cambodiana'' Hance - Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centrolepidaceae
Centrolepidaceae are a family of flowering plants now included in Restionaceae following APG IV (2016). The botanical name has been recognized by most taxonomists. The APG II system, of 2003 (unchanged from the APG system, 1998), also recognised such a family, and assigned it to the order Poales in the clade commelinids in the monocots. The family was regarded as containing three genera, '' Aphelia'', ''Centrolepis'', and ''Gaimardia'', with about 35 species total, found in Australia, New Zealand, southern South America and Southeast Asia Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin .... References External linksCentrolepidaceae in western Australia [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pimelea
''Pimelea'', commonly known as rice flowers, is a genus of plants belonging to the family Thymelaeaceae. There are about 150 species, including 110 in Australia and thirty six in New Zealand. Description Plants in the genus ''Pimelea'' are herbs or small shrubs usually with leaves arranged in opposite pairs. The leaves are usually paler on the lower surface and the petiole is usually very short. The flowers are usually arranged in groups on the ends of the branches and have no petals but four petal-like sepals and two stamens. The ovary has a single ovule and the fruit is usually a nut containing a single seed. Taxonomy and naming The genus ''Pimelea'' was first formally described in 1788 by Joseph Gaertner from unpublished descriptions by Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander. The first species Gaertner described was ''Pimelea laevigata'', now known as ''Pimelea prostrata''. The name ''Pimelea'' is from the Ancient Greek word ''pimele'' meaning "fat or "lard", possibly referring ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thymelaeaceae
The Thymelaeaceae are a cosmopolitan family of flowering plants composed of 50 genera (listed below) and 898 species.Zachary S. Rogers (2009 onwards)A World Checklist of Thymelaeaceae (version 1) Missouri Botanical Garden Website, St. Louis. It was established in 1789 by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu.Antoine Laurent de Jussieu ''Genera Plantarum'', page 76. Herrisant & Barrois, Paris. The Thymelaeaceae are mostly trees and shrubs, with a few vines and herbaceous plants. Description This is not intended as a full botanical description, but only as a few notes on some of the conspicuous or unusual traits of the family when ''Tepuianthus'' is excluded. The bark is usually shiny and fibrous. Attempts to break the stem often result in a strip of bark peeling down the side.Ernst Schmidt, Mervyn Lotter and Warren McCleland The number of stamens is usually once or twice the number of calyx lobes. If twice, then they often occur in two well separated series. Exceptions include ''Gonystylu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phyllachne
''Phyllachne'' is a genus of four cushion plant species in the family Stylidiaceae. Of the four species, two are endemic to New Zealand, while '' P. colensoi'' is also native to Tasmania and '' P. uliginosa'' is entirely endemic to southern South America and is the only species in the Stylidiaceae native to the Americas. The movement of ''P. colensoi'' to colonize Tasmania is a relatively recent move. Molecular studies group ''P. colensoi'', '' P. clavigera'', and '' P. rubra'' together in one clade with ''P. uliginosa'' in the sister clade. Based on molecular clock The molecular clock is a figurative term for a technique that uses the mutation rate of biomolecules to deduce the time in prehistory when two or more life forms diverged. The biomolecular data used for such calculations are usually nucleoti ... data of the ''rbcL'' gene, it is estimated that ''P. uliginosa'' last shared a common ancestor with the New Zealand clade about 6 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phyllachne Colensoi
''Phyllachne colensoi'', the yellow cushionplant, is a species of cushion plant in the Stylidiaceae family. It is native to both New Zealand and Tasmania, with colonisation of the latter being a somewhat recent dispersal. ''Phyllachne colensoi'' is frequently the dominant vegetation in upland bog habitats and is found throughout high mountain areas in New Zealand, but is only recorded from 12 sites in Tasmania in the west and south-west of the island.Wagstaff, S.J. and Wege, J. (2002)Patterns of diversification in New Zealand Stylidiaceae ''American Journal of Botany'', 89(5): 865-874.Good, R. (1925). On the geographical distribution of the Stylidiaceae. ''New Phytologist'', 24(4): 225-240.Gray, A. M. (2009) version 2009:2. In M. F. Duretto (Ed.) Flora of Tasmania Online. 9 pp. (Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum & Art Gallery: Hobart). ''Phyllachne colensoi'' is a perennial cushion mound-forming plant with short erect stems that are densely packed. Leaves are sessile and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stylidiaceae
The family Stylidiaceae is a taxon of dicotyledonous flowering plants. It consists of five genera with over 240 species, most of which are endemic to Australia and New Zealand. Members of Stylidiaceae are typically grass-like herbs or small shrubs and can be perennials or annuals. Most species are free standing or self-supporting, though a few can be climbing or scrambling ('' Stylidium scandens'' uses leaf tips recurved into hooks to climb). The pollination mechanisms of '' Stylidium'' and ''Levenhookia'' are as follows: In ''Stylidium'' the floral column, which consists of the fused stamen and style, springs violently from one side (usually under the flower) when triggered. This deposits the pollen on a visiting insect. In ''Levenhookia'', however, the column is immobile, but the hooded labellum is triggered and sheds pollen. In 1981, only about 155 species were known in the family. The current number of species by genus (reported in 2002) is as follows: ''Forstera'' - 5, '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chionohebe
''Veronica'' is the largest genus in the flowering plant family Plantaginaceae, with about 500 species. It was formerly classified in the family Scrophulariaceae. Common names include speedwell, bird's eye, and gypsyweed. Taxonomy for this genus is currently being reanalysed, with the genus '' Hebe'' and the related Australasian genera '' Derwentia'', ''Detzneria'', ''Chionohebe'', ''Heliohebe'', ''Leonohebe'' and ''Parahebe'' now included by many botanists. Monophyly of the genus is supported by nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and cpDNA. The taxa of the genus are herbaceous annuals or perennials, and also subshrubs, shrubs or small trees if ''Hebe'' is included. Most of the species are from the temperate Northern Hemisphere, though with some species from the Southern Hemisphere; ''Hebe'' is mostly from New Zealand. Taxonomy The genus name ''Veronica'' used in binomial nomenclature was chosen by Carl Linnaeus based on preexisting common usage of the name v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scrophulariaceae
The Scrophulariaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the figwort family. The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as shrubs. Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial (actinomorphic) symmetry. The Scrophulariaceae have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains. The family name is based on the name of the included genus ''Scrophularia'' L. Taxonomy In the past, it was treated as including about 275 genera and over 5,000 species, but its circumscription has been radically altered since numerous molecular phylogenies have shown the traditional broad circumscription to be grossly polyphyletic. Many genera have recently been transferred to other families within the Lamiales, notably Plantaginaceae and Orobanchaceae, but also several new families. - on linhere/ref> Several families of the Lamiales have had their circumscriptions enlarged to accommodate genera transferred from t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitrasacme
''Mitrasacme '' is a genus of plants in the family Loganiaceae. The genus includes 55 species mostly in Australia, though also extending to various parts of Asia and the Pacific Islands. Two species also occur in China. The name comes from the Greek, alluding to “the highest point of the mitre”. As the fruit capsule has an alleged resemblance to a mitre The mitre (Commonwealth English) (; Greek: μίτρα, "headband" or "turban") or miter (American English; see spelling differences), is a type of headgear now known as the traditional, ceremonial headdress of bishops and certain abbots in .... Species 55 species are accepted: * '' Mitrasacme aggregata'' * '' Mitrasacme albomarginata'' * '' Mitrasacme alsinoides'' * '' Mitrasacme ambigua'' * '' Mitrasacme bogoriensis'' * '' Mitrasacme brachystemonea'' * '' Mitrasacme clarksonii'' * '' Mitrasacme connata'' * '' Mitrasacme elata'' {{small, R.Br. * '' Mitrasacme epigaea'' {{small, Dunlop * '' Mitrasacme erophila ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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