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Bobov (Hasidic Dynasty)
Bobov (or Bobover Hasidism) ( he, חסידות באבוב, yi, בּאָבּאָװ) is a Hasidic community within Haredi Judaism, originating in Bobowa, Galicia, in southern Poland, and now headquartered in the neighborhood of Borough Park, in Brooklyn, New York. Bobov developed into a leading Hasidic dynasty through the leadership of Shlomo Halberstam, a Holocaust survivor. After the death of his son Naftali, a succession crisis ensued, leading to the ascension of Naftali's half-brother Benzion Aryeh Leibish Halberstam as Grand Rebbe, and his son-in-law Mordechai Dovid Unger as leader of , a breakaway faction. Bobov communities are found in the Williamsburg section of Brooklyn; in Monsey, New York; Los Angeles; Lakewood, New Jersey; Linden NJ; Montreal; Toronto; Antwerp; and London. In Israel, Bobov has large branches in Jerusalem, Bnei Brak, Ashdod, Elad, Beitar Illit, and an enclave, "Kiryas Bobov", in Bat Yam. Outline of Bobov's Hasidic rabbinical lineage ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashdod
Ashdod ( he, ''ʾašdōḏ''; ar, أسدود or إسدود ''ʾisdūd'' or '' ʾasdūd'' ; Philistine: 𐤀𐤔𐤃𐤃 *''ʾašdūd'') is the sixth-largest city in Israel. Located in the country's Southern District, it lies on the Mediterranean coast south of Tel Aviv and north of Ashkelon. The historical town of Ashdod, c.6 km southeast of the center of the modern town, dates to the 17th century BCE, and was a prominent Philistine city, one of the five Philistine city-states. The coastal site of Ashdod-Yam, today southwest of the modern city, was a separate city for most of its history. Modern Ashdod was established in 1956 on the sand hills 6km northeast of the historical Ashdod, then known as Isdud, a Palestinian town which had been depopulated in 1948. It was incorporated as a city in 1968, with a land-area of approximately . Being a planned city, expansion followed a main development plan, which facilitated traffic and prevented air pollution in the residential areas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ben Zion Halberstam
Ben Zion Halberstam (1874–1941) was the second Bobover Rebbe. He was murdered by the Nazis in 1941. Biography Halberstam was born in Bikofsk in 1874. His father was Shlomo Halberstam (1847–1905), the first Rebbe of Bobov, and a scion of the Divrei Chaim of Sanz. Upon his father's death Halberstam succeeded him as Rebbe. He authored a commentary on the Torah called ''Kedushas Tzion''. Lvov, where Halberstam then lived, fell under Nazi control in July, 1941. For about a month Halberstam hid in a room whose door was secretly blocked by a large bookcase. But a friend convinced him to come out of hiding, on the theory that the Germans were harsher to people who were found hiding. The friend also argued that the Germans would honor Halberstam’s official papers that declared he was a foreign resident. On Friday, July 25, he left his place of hiding and established himself openly in a separate room in the apartment. Early in the morning of July 25, groups of peasants from nearb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shlomo Halberstam (first Bobover Rebbe)
Shlomo Halberstam ( pl, Szlomo Halberstam , he, רבי שלמה האַלבּערשטאַם ; 1847 –1905) was a Hasidic Rebbe, founder of the Hasidic dynasty of Bobov. He was the son of Rabbi Myer Noson Halberstam (1827-1855). Rabbi Shlomo was a grandson of the ''Divrei Chaim'' of Sanz (1793-1876), a Hasidic sage of the 19th century whose influence established the groundwork for many other Galician Hasidic movements. Halberstam became an orphan at age eight, and lived with his grandfather, the ''Divrei Chaim'', for most of his early life. He married the daughter of Rabbi Yehoshua of Kaminka. In later life he re-married; his second wife was the daughter of Rabbi Menashe of Drohobycz. His mentors in ''chasidut'' were his two grandfathers, the ''Divrei Chaim'' of Sanz and Rabbi Eliezer Horowitz of Dzikov. He became the rabbi of Bukowsko in 1864, Oświęcim in 1879, Vishnitsa in 1880, where he set up a large yeshiva in 1881 and began to serve as a rebbe (Admor) there. He le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanz (Hasidic Dynasty)
Sanz (or Tsanz, yi, צאנז) is a Hasidic dynasty originating in the city of Sanz ( Nowy Sącz) in Galicia. The dynasty was founded by the rebbe Rabbi Chaim Halberstam (1793–1876) who was the rabbi of Nowy Sącz and the author of the work ''Divrei Chaim'' by which name he is known as well. Rabbi Chaim was a disciple of Rabbi Naftali Zvi of Ropshitz. He opened his court after the death of Rabbi Asher Yeshaya of Ropshitz, son-in-law of Rabbi Naftali Tzvi. After his demise (25 Nisan 5636, 19 April 1876), his six sons and his seven sons-in-law built courtyards with new names in the cities where they served as rabbis, and their chassidim separated, but most of them went to his eldest son, Rabbi Yechezkel Shraga Halberstam of Shinova. His fourth son, Rabbi Aharon, remained to serve as rabbi and rebbe in Sanz, but he was known as the 'Rav of Kreiz', that is, the rabbi of the province, a title he already had in his father's life. In the generations that followed, there were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaim Halberstam
Chaim Halberstam of Sanz (1793–1876) ( he, חיים הלברשטאם מצאנז), known as the ''Divrei Chaim'' after his sefer (works), was the rabbi of Sanz ( pl, Nowy Sącz), a famous Hasidic Rebbe and the founder of the Sanz Hasidic dynasty, and one of the leaders of Eastern European Jewry in his generation. Life Halberstam was a pupil of Rabbi Moshe Yehoshua Heshl Orenstein and Rabbi Naftali Zvi of Ropshitz. His first rabbinical position was in Rudnik. In 1830 he was appointed as the town rabbi of Sanz, where he founded a Hasidic dynasty. He attracted many followers and students, due to his piety and greatness. Sanz has been succeeded nowadays by the Sanz-Klausenberg, Sanz-Zmigrad, Tshakover (Chokover) Hasidic dynasties, and the Bobov Hasidic dynasties, among others. Family life Halberstam was born in 1793, in Tarnogród, today Poland. His first wife Rochel Feyga was the daughter of Rabbi Boruch Frenkl-Thumim (1760–1828), the rabbi of Lipník nad Bečvou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ropshitz (Hasidic Dynasty)
Ropshitz ( yi, , he, ) is the name of a Hasidic dynasty, or rabbinical family and group, who are descendants of Rabbi Naftali Zvi of Ropshitz (1760–1827). Ropshitz is the name of a town in southern Poland, known in Polish as Ropczyce. Several contemporary ''rebbes'' are styled "Ropshitzer ''Rebbe''", in reference to the Ropshitz dynasty: Rebbe Chaim Rubin, Ropshitzer ''Rebbe'' of Borough Park, Brooklyn, New York (see Ropshitz branch below), and others. Lineage Rebbe Menachem Mendel of Linsk Rabbi Menachem Mendel Rubin of Linsk (Lesko) ( – 1803 3 Tishri 5564 is often considered the first ''rebbe'' of the Ropshitz dynasty. His father, Rabbi Yaakov, was the rabbi of Linsk. He married Beila, daughter of Rabbi Yizchak Halevi Horowitz (called Reb Itzikl Hamburger), the rabbi of (the triple Jewish community of Altona, Hamburg, and Wandsbek). He was a disciple of the Hasidic ''rebbes'' Yechiel Michel, the ''maggid'' of Zlotshov, and Elimelech of Lizhensk. He was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naftali Zvi Of Ropshitz
Naftali Zvi Horowitz of Ropshitz (May 22, 1760 – May 8, 1827) was a Galician ''rebbe''. Biography Horowitz was born on May 22, 1760, the day that the Baal Shem Tov died, to Menachem Mendel Rubin of Linsk. His mother Beila was the daughter of Yitzchak Halevi Horowitz of Hamburg. Horowitz adopted the surname of his maternal grandfather. He was the first Ropshitzer ''rebbe''. As a youth, Horowitz studied in the ''yeshiva'' of his uncle Meshulam Igra, one of the Torah giants of the time, where his fellow students were Mordecai Benet and Yaakov Lorberbaum, who were to become two of the leading scholars of the next generation. Horowitz became attracted to the Hasidic movement, and traveled to the court of Elimelech of Lizhensk. Because of Horowitz's illustrious lineage, Elimelech at first refused to admit him, as was his custom, but finally acquiesced to Horowitz's entreaties. Upon the death of Elimelech, Horowitz became a student of Elimelech's disciple, Reb Menachem Mendel of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elimelech Of Lizhensk
Elimelech Weisblum of Lizhensk (1717–March 11, 1787) was a rabbi and one of the great founding Rebbes of the Hasidic movement. He was known after his hometown, Leżajsk ( yi, ליזשענסק, translit=Lizhensk) near Rzeszów in Poland. He was part of the inner "Chevraya Kadisha" (Holy Society) school of the Maggid Rebbe Dov Ber of Mezeritch (second leader of the Hasidic movement), who became the decentralised, third generation leadership after the passing of Rebbe Dov Ber in 1772. Their dissemination to new areas of Eastern Europe led the movement's rapid revivalist expansion. Rebbi Elimelech authored the classic work ''Noam Elimelech''. It developed the Hasidic theory of the Tzaddik into the full doctrine of "''Practical/Popular Tzaddikism''". This shaped the social role of mystical leadership, characteristic of the "''Mainstream Hasidic''" path. He was the founder of Hasidism in Poland- Galicia, and numerous leaders and dynasties emerged from his disciples in the early 19th c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maggid
A maggid ( he, מַגִּיד), also spelled as magid, is a traditional Jewish religious itinerant preacher, skilled as a narrator of Torah and religious stories. A chaplain of the more scholarly sort is called a '' darshan'' (). The title of ''maggid mesharim'' ('a preacher of uprightness'; abbreviated ) probably dates from the sixteenth century. There have long been two distinct classes of leaders in Israel—the scholar and rabbi, and the preacher or ''maggid''. That the popular prophet was sometimes called "maggid" is maintained by those who translate (''maggid mishne'') , by "the maggid repeats" ( Löwy, "Beqoret ha-Talmud," p. 50). Like the Greek sophists, the early maggidim based their preaching on questions addressed to them by the multitude. Thus the Pesiqta, the first collection of set speeches, usually begins with "yelammedenu rabbenu" ('let our master teach us'). An excellent example is the Passover Haggadah, which is introduced by four questions; the reciter o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dovber Of Mezeritch
Dov Ber ben Avraham of Mezeritch ( yi, דֹּב בֶּער מִמֶּזְרִיטְשְׁ; died December 1772 OS), also known as the ''Maggid of Mezeritch'', was a disciple of Rabbi Israel ben Eliezer (the Baal Shem Tov), the founder of Hasidic Judaism, and was chosen as his successor to lead the early movement. Dov Ber is regarded as the first systematic exponent of the mystical philosophy underlying the teachings of the Baal Shem Tov, and through his teaching and leadership, the main architect of the movement.see Kaufmann Kohler & Louis Ginzberg"Baer (Dov) of Meseritz" ''Jewish Encyclopedia'', retrieved May 20, 2006 He established his base in Mezhirichi (in Volhynia), which moved the centre of Hasidism from Medzhybizh (in Podolia), where he focused his attention on raising a close circle of disciples to spread the movement. After his death the third generation of leadership took their different interpretations and disseminated across appointed regions of Eastern Europe, rapidly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baal Shem Tov
Israel ben Eliezer (1698 – 22 May 1760), known as the Baal Shem Tov ( he, בעל שם טוב, ) or as the Besht, was a Jewish mystic and healer who is regarded as the founder of Hasidic Judaism. "Besht" is the acronym for Baal Shem Tov, which means "Master of the Good Name," a term for a magician who wields the secret name of God. The little biographical information about the Besht comes from oral traditions handed down by his students (Jacob Joseph of Polonne and others) and from the legendary tales about his life and behavior collected in ''Shivḥei ha-Besht'' (''In Praise of the Ba'al Shem Tov''; Kapust and Berdychiv, 1814–15). A central tenet in the Baal Shem Tov's teaching is the direct connection with the divine, "dvekut", which is infused in every human activity and every waking hour. Prayer is of supreme importance, along with the mystical significance of Hebrew letters and words. His innovation lies in "encouraging worshippers to follow their distracting thoughts t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
