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Blaufränkisch
Blaufränkisch (German for ''blue Frankish'') is a dark-skinned variety of grape used for red wine. and California, DNA profiling has shown that Blaufränkisch is a cross between Gouais blanc (Weißer Heunisch; male parent) and Blaue Zimmettraube (female parent; the offspring of Blauer Gänsfüsser). Historical sources of grapevine classification have provided very solid evidence that the geographic area of origin of the variety is Lower Styria (today Slovenian Styria). For a long time before the application of DNA analysis, Blaufränkisch was erroneously thought to be a clone of the Gamay grape variety, due to certain similarities in morphology and possibly due to its name ''Gamé'' in Bulgaria. The German name Lemberger derives from the fact that it was imported to Germany in the 19th century from Lemberg in Lower Styria in present-day Slovenia and then in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. An 1877 export of ''Lembergerreben'' to Germany has been recorded. The almost identical na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austrian Wine
Austrian wines are mostly dry white wines (often made from the Grüner Veltliner grape), though some sweeter white wines (such as dessert wines made around the Neusiedler See) are also produced. About 30% of the wines are red, made from Blaufränkisch (also known as Lemberger, or as Kékfrankos in neighbouring Hungary), Pinot noir and locally bred varieties such as Zweigelt. Four thousand years of winemaking history counted for little after the " antifreeze scandal" of 1985, when it was revealed that some wine brokers had been adulterating their wines with diethylene glycol. The scandal destroyed the market for Austrian wine and compelled Austria to tackle low standards of bulk wine production, and reposition itself as a producer of quality wines. The country is also home to Riedel, makers of some of the most expensive wine glasses in the world. Some of the best producers of Austria include Weingut Bründlmayer, Weingut F.X. Pichler and Weingut Franz Hirtzberger, Weingut Hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Grape Varieties
This list of grape varieties includes cultivated grapes, whether used for wine, or eating as a table grape, fresh or dried (raisin, currant, sultana). For a complete list of all grape species including those unimportant to agriculture, see Vitis. The term ''grape variety'' refers to cultivars rather than actual botanical varieties according to the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, because they are propagated by cuttings and may have unstable reproductive properties. However, the term ''variety'' has become so entrenched in viticulture that any change to using the term ''cultivar'' instead is unlikely. Single species grapes While some of the grapes in this list are hybrids, they are hybridized within a single species. For those grapes hybridized across species, known as interspecific hybrids, see the section on multispecies hybrid grapes below. ''Vitis vinifera'' (wine) Red grapes White grapes Rose Grapes ''Vitis vinifera'' (table) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Wine
German wine is primarily produced in the west of Germany, along the river Rhine and its tributaries, with the oldest plantations going back to the Ancient Rome, Roman era. Approximately 60 percent of German wine is produced in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate, where 6 of the 13 regions (''Anbaugebiete'') for quality wine are situated. Germany has about 103,000 hectares (252,000 acres or 1,030 square kilometers) of vineyard, which is around one tenth of the vineyard surface in Spain, France or Italy. The total wine production is usually around 10 million hectoliters annually, corresponding to 1.3 billion bottles, which places Germany as the eighth-largest wine-producing country in the world. White wine accounts for almost two thirds of the total production. As a wine country, Germany has a mixed reputation internationally, with some consumers on the export markets associating Germany with the world's most elegant and aromatically pure white wines while other see the country mainl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frankish Grapes
A division of grape varieties into Frankish and Hunnic grape varieties was practiced in German-speaking countries in the Middle Ages and separated varieties considered to be better from those considered to be lesser. Frankish (''fränkisch'') grapes were considered noble grapes, and the designation derived from the Franks, as popular belief held that those were grapes introduced by Charlemagne or at least through his edicts.Wein-Plus Glossar: Fränkisch accessed on January 23, 2013 Hunnic (''hunnisch'' or ''heunisch'') grapes, on the other hand, were the simpler varieties. accessed on January 23, 2013 It is unclear whether it was actually believed that these varieti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slovenian Wine
Slovenian wine is wine from Slovenia. Viticulture and winemaking has existed in this region since the time of the Celts and Illyrians tribes, long before the Romans would introduce winemaking to the lands of France, Spain and Germany. J. Robinson (ed) ''"The Oxford Companion to Wine"'' Third Edition pp. 632–633 Oxford University Press 2006 Today Slovenia has more than 28,000 wineries making between 80 and 90 million litres annually from the country's 22,300 ha of vineyards. About 75% of the country's production is white wine. Almost all of the wine is consumed domestically with only 6.1 million L a year being exported—mostly to the United States, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and lately the Czech Republic. Most of the country's wine production falls under the classification of premium ''(vrhunsko)'' wine with less than 30% classified as basic table wine ''(namizno vino)''. Slovenia has three principal wine regions: the Drava Wine-Growing Region, the Lower Sava Wine- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Washington Wine
Washington wine is a wine produced from grape varieties grown in the U.S. state of Washington (state), Washington. Washington ranks second in the American wine, United States (behind California wine, California) in the production of wine. By 2017, the state had over of vineyards, a harvest (wine), harvest of of grapes, and exports going to over 40 countries around the world from the 940+ winery, wineries located in the state. While there are some viticultural activities in the cooler, wetter Western Washington, western half of the state, the majority (99.9%) of wine grape production takes place in the shrub-steppe Eastern Washington, eastern half. The rain shadow of the Cascade Range leaves the Columbia River drainage basin, Columbia River Basin with around of annual rain fall, making irrigation (wine), irrigation and water rights of paramount interest to the Washington wine industry. Viticulture in the state is also influenced by long sunlight hours (on average, two more hours ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pennsylvania Wine
Pennsylvania wine refers to wine made from grapes grown in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The climate in Pennsylvania is mild compared to surrounding states, with the moderating effects of Lake Erie to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. 119 wineries are located in all parts of the state, including five designated American Viticultural Areas. Pennsylvania is the eighth-largest wine producing state in the country. The commercial wine industry had important roots in Pennsylvania. Around 1740, the first hybrid of ''vitis vinifera'' European grapes and ''vitis labrusca'' North American grapes was discovered near Philadelphia. It was initially named Alexander Alexander is a male given name. The most prominent bearer of the name is Alexander the Great, the king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia who created one of the largest empires in ancient history. Variants listed here are Aleksandar, Al ..., after the gardener who discovered it. In 1786, Frenchman Pierr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pinot Noir
Pinot Noir () is a red-wine grape variety of the species ''Vitis vinifera''. The name may also refer to wines created predominantly from pinot noir grapes. The name is derived from the French language, French words for ''pine'' and ''black.'' The word ''pine'' alludes to the grape variety having tightly clustered, pinecone–shaped bunches of fruit. Pinot Noir grapes are grown around the world, mostly in cooler climates, and the grape is chiefly associated with the Burgundy (wine), Burgundy region of France (wine), France. Pinot Noir is now used to make red wines around the world, as well as champagne, Sparkling wine, sparkling white wines such as the Italian wine, Italian Franciacorta, and Wine from the United Kingdom, English sparkling wines. Regions that have gained a reputation for red pinot noir wines include the Willamette Valley (wine), Willamette Valley of Oregon (wine), Oregon; the Carneros (AVA), Carneros, Central Coast (AVA), Central Coast, Sonoma Coast AVA, Sonoma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Wine
Red wine is a type of wine made from dark-colored grape varieties. The color of the wine can range from intense violet, typical of young wines, through to brick red for mature wines and brown for older red wines. The juice from most purple grapes is greenish-white, the red color coming from anthocyan pigments present in the skin of the grape. Much of the red wine production process involves extraction of color and flavor components from the grape skin. Varieties The top 20 red grape varieties by acreage are: * Alicante Henri Bouschet * Barbera * Bobal * Cabernet Franc * Cabernet Sauvignon * Carignan * Cinsaut * Malbec * Douce noir * Gamay * Grenache * Isabella * Merlot * Montepulciano * Mourvèdre * Rose * Pinot noir * Sangiovese * Syrah * Tempranillo * Zinfandel The top 21—50 red grape varieties by acreage are: * Aglianico * Blaufränkisch * Bordô * Carménère * Castelão * Concord * Corvina Veronese * Criolla Grande * Croatina * Dolcetto * Dornfelder * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Wine
Hungarian wine has a history dating back to the Kingdom of Hungary. Outside Hungary, the best-known wines are the white dessert wine Tokaji aszú (particularly in the Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia) and the red wine Bull's Blood of Eger (Egri Bikavér). Etymology Only three European languages have words for wine that are not derived from Latin: Greek, Basque, and Hungarian.Miklós MolnárA concise history of Hungary Cambridge University Press, 2001, p. 12 The Hungarian word for wine"bor" is ultimately of Middle Persian origin. History The Romans brought vines to Pannonia, and by the 5th century AD, there are records of extensive vineyards in what is now Hungary. The Hungarians brought their wine-making knowledge from the East. According to Ibn Rustah, the Hungarian tribes were familiar with wine-making a long time before the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin. Over the following centuries, new grape varieties were brought in from Italy and France. Most of the produc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Croatian Wine
Croatian wine (, pl. ) has a history dating back to the Ancient Greek settlers, and their wine production on the southern Dalmatian islands of Vis, Hvar and Korčula some 2,500 years ago. Like other old world wine producers, many traditional grape varieties still survive in Croatia, perfectly suited to their local wine hills. Modern wine-production methods have taken over in the larger wineries and EU-style wine regulations have been adopted, guaranteeing the quality of the wine. There are currently over 300 geographically defined wine regions and a strict classification system to ensure quality and origin. The majority of Croatian wine is white, with most of the remainder being red and only a small percentage being rosé wines. In 2014, Croatia ranked 32nd in wine production by country with an estimated 45,272 tonnes. Wine is a popular drink in Croatia, and locals traditionally like to drink wine with their meals. Quite often, the wine is diluted with either still or sparklin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gouais Blanc
Gouais blanc () or Weißer Heunisch () is a white grape variety that is seldom grown today but is important as the ancestor of many traditional French and German grape varieties. The name ''Gouais'' derives from the old French adjective ‘gou’, a term of derision befitting its traditional status as the grape of the peasants. Likewise, the German name Weißer Heunisch labels it as one of the lesser " Hunnic" grapes. History Gouais is known to have been widely planted in central and northeastern France in Medieval times. At that time, it was used to produce simple, acidic, white wines, and was primarily grown in unfavourable plots less well-suited for the more highly regarded Pinot noir or Pinot gris. Gouais Blanc was thus the grape of the peasantry rather than of the nobility. Its history before Medieval times is not known with any certainty, but is the subject of much conjecture, similar to many other grape varieties with a long history. Gouais blanc has been proposed as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
