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Betula Chichibuensis
''Betula chichibuensis'', commonly known as Chichibu birch (''Chichibu-Minebari'' in Japanese), is a species of birch native exclusively to limestone outcrops in the Okuchichibu and Kitakami Mountains of central and northeast Honshu, Japan. The tree is rated as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List due to its extreme rarity and limited range. In 1993, only 21 ''B. chichibuensis'' trees existed in the wild. Although several other small populations of the tree were discovered in the 2010s, including the Kitakami populations, the Chichibu birch remains very rare. Ex situ conservation efforts to prevent the species' extinction are ongoing, including at the University of Liverpool's Ness Botanic Gardens and the Bedgebury National Pinetum. Description ''Betula chichibuensis'' is a multi-stemmed shrub or small deciduous tree that reaches 8–10 meters (26–33 ft) tall in the wild and about 5 meters (16 ft) tall in captivity. The Chichibu birch is very long-lived due ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arnold Arboretum
The Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University is a botanical research institution and free public park, located in the Jamaica Plain and Roslindale neighborhoods of Boston, Massachusetts. Established in 1872, it is the oldest public arboretum in North America. The landscape was designed by Charles Sprague Sargent and Frederick Law Olmsted and is the second largest "link" in the Emerald Necklace. The Arnold Arboretum's collection of temperate trees, shrubs, and vines has a particular emphasis on the plants of the eastern United States and eastern Asia, where arboretum staff and colleagues are actively sourcing new material on plant collecting expeditions. The arboretum supports research in its landscape and in its Weld Hill Research Building. History The Arboretum was founded in 1872 when the President and Fellows of Harvard College became trustees of a portion of the estate of James Arnold (1781–1868), a whaling merchant from New Bedford, Massachusetts. Arnold specified that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serration
Serration is a saw-like appearance or a row of sharp or tooth-like projections. A serrated cutting edge has many small points of contact with the material being cut. By having less contact area than a smooth blade or other edge, the applied pressure at each point of contact is greater and the points of contact are at a sharper angle to the material being cut. This causes a cutting action that involves many small splits in the surface of the material being cut, which cumulatively serve to cut the material along the line of the blade. In nature, serration is commonly seen in the cutting edge on the teeth of some species, usually sharks. However, it also appears on non-cutting surfaces, for example in botany where a toothed leaf margin or other plant part, such as the edge of a carnation petal, is described as being serrated. A serrated leaf edge may reduce the force of wind and other natural elements. Probably the largest serrations on Earth occur on the skylines of mountains (th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chamaecyparis Obtusa
''Chamaecyparis obtusa'' (Japanese cypress, hinoki cypress or hinoki; ja, 檜 or , ) is a species of cypress native to central Japan in East Asia, and widely cultivated in the temperate northern hemisphere for its high-quality timber and ornamental qualities, with many cultivars commercially available. Description It is a slow-growing tree which may reach tall with a trunk up to in diameter. The bark is dark red-brown. The leaves are scale-like, long, blunt tipped (obtuse), green above, and green below with a white stomatal band at the base of each scale-leaf. The cones are globose, in diameter, with 8–12 scales arranged in opposite pairs. Related species The plant is widespread in Japan. The related '' Chamaecyparis pisifera'' (sawara cypress) can be readily distinguished in its having pointed tips to the leaves and smaller cones. A similar cypress found on Taiwan is treated by different botanists as either a variety of this species (as ''Chamaecyparis obtusa'' va ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sasa (plant)
''Sasa'' (Japanese: or ), also called broad-leaf bamboo, is a genus of running bamboo. These species have at most one branch per node. Selected species * ''Sasa borealis'' (Hack.) Makino & Shibata – northern bamboo, Jirisan bamboo * ''Sasa kagamiana'' * ''Sasa kurilensis'' (Rupr.) Makino & Shibata – chishimazasa, Kuril bamboo, Korean bamboo * ''Sasa nagimontana'' – muroi * '' Sasa nipponica'' (Makino) Makino & Shibata * ''Sasa oshidensis'' * '' Sasa palmata'' (Burb.) E.G.Camus – broad-leaf bamboo * ''Sasa senanensis'' * '' Sasa tsuboiana'' * ''Sasa veitchii'' – kumazasa Fossil record Fossil leaves of †''Sasa kodorica'' are described from the Pliocene of Kodori Valley in Abkazia.Acta Palaeobotanica – Supplementum No. 3 – New Fossil Floras from Neogene Deposits in the Belchatow Lignite Mine by Grzegor Worobiec – Polish Academy of Sciences W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Krakow 2003 See also *''Pseudosasa ''Pseudosasa'' is a genus of East Asian bamboo in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karisaka Tunnel
The Karisaka Tunnel is a Japanese toll tunnel that opened April 23, 1998 between Chichibu, Saitama, Chichibu, Saitama Prefecture and Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Yamanashi City, Yamanashi Prefecture. Until this tunnel opened, there was no direct road connection between Saitama and Yamanashi prefectures.] Details * At 6,625m long, the tunnel is the List of long tunnels by type#Road, fifth-longest road tunnel in Japan. * Tolls are collected when traveling north from Yamanashi to Saitama. * Equipped with fire-prevention equipment * Built using the New Austrian Tunneling method * Pedestrians, bicycles, and specialized small vehicles are prohibited. * 50cc motorbikes can be ridden through the tunnel. * Hazardous cargo is restricted. References External links * * Roads in Saitama Prefecture Roads in Yamanashi Prefecture Toll tunnels in Japan Toll roads in Japan Tunnels completed in 1998 Buildings and structures in Saitama Prefecture Buildings and structures in Yamanashi Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limestone
Limestone ( calcium carbonate ) is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of . Limestone forms when these minerals precipitate out of water containing dissolved calcium. This can take place through both biological and nonbiological processes, though biological processes, such as the accumulation of corals and shells in the sea, have likely been more important for the last 540 million years. Limestone often contains fossils which provide scientists with information on ancient environments and on the evolution of life. About 20% to 25% of sedimentary rock is carbonate rock, and most of this is limestone. The remaining carbonate rock is mostly dolomite, a closely related rock, which contains a high percentage of the mineral dolomite, . ''Magnesian limestone'' is an obsolete and poorly-defined term used variously for dolomite, for limes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chichibu Tama Kai National Park
is a national park in Japan at the intersection of Saitama, Yamanashi, Nagano and Tokyo Prefectures. With eight peaks over 2000 m scattered over 1250 km², there are numerous hiking trails and ancient shrines. The best known landmarks are , home to the 2000-year-old ; and Mount Mitake, with the . The park has sources of major rivers such as the Arakawa River, Shinano River, Tama River, and Fuefuki River ( Fuji River). Popular areas Tokyo Metropolis side The major points of interest are Mount Mitake (929 m) and Mount Mito (1528 m). Mount Mitake is positioned on the eastern border of the national park. It has been worshiped as a sacred mountain from the time of antiquity. On its peak stands a Shinto shrine, , which was established during the reign of Emperor Sujin in 90 B.C. The building houses a Zaōgonge Statue made in 736. At present, a cable-car service allows visitors easy access. Mount Mito consists of three peaks: the Western Peak (1,527 m), Central Pea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limestone
Limestone ( calcium carbonate ) is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of . Limestone forms when these minerals precipitate out of water containing dissolved calcium. This can take place through both biological and nonbiological processes, though biological processes, such as the accumulation of corals and shells in the sea, have likely been more important for the last 540 million years. Limestone often contains fossils which provide scientists with information on ancient environments and on the evolution of life. About 20% to 25% of sedimentary rock is carbonate rock, and most of this is limestone. The remaining carbonate rock is mostly dolomite, a closely related rock, which contains a high percentage of the mineral dolomite, . ''Magnesian limestone'' is an obsolete and poorly-defined term used variously for dolomite, for limes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chloroplast DNA
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) is the DNA located in chloroplasts, which are photosynthetic organelles located within the cells of some eukaryotic organisms. Chloroplasts, like other types of plastid, contain a genome separate from that in the cell nucleus. The existence of chloroplast DNA was identified biochemically in 1959, and confirmed by electron microscopy in 1962. The discoveries that the chloroplast contains ribosomes and performs protein synthesis revealed that the chloroplast is genetically semi-autonomous. The first complete chloroplast genome sequences were published in 1986, ''Nicotiana tabacum'' (tobacco) by Sugiura and colleagues and ''Marchantia polymorpha'' (liverwort) by Ozeki et al. Since then, a great number of chloroplast DNAs from various species have been sequenced. Molecular structure Chloroplast DNAs are circular, and are typically 120,000–170,000 base pairs long. They can have a contour length of around 30–60 micrometers, and have a mass of about 80 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Betula Chinensis
''Betula chinensis'', commonly known as dwarf small-leaf birch, is a species of birch that can be found in China and Korea on the elevation of . Description The species is tall with either yellow or yellowish-brown colour. Leaf blade is elliptic and ovate with a diameter of by . Female species have a subglobose inflorescence which is also oblong with a diameter of by . It peduncle is long while its bracts can be as long as . Flowers bloom from May to June while the fruits ripe from July to August. Taxonomy ''Betula chinensis'' occurs in both hexaploid Polyploidy is a condition in which the cells of an organism have more than one pair of ( homologous) chromosomes. Most species whose cells have nuclei (eukaryotes) are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes, where each set contains ... and octoploid forms. It appears to be a triple hybrid between '' B. calcicola'', '' B. potaninii'' and '' B. chichibuensis''. It is placed in section ''Asperae'', subgenus ''As ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Betula Schmidtii
''Betula schmidtii'', the iron birch or Schmidt's birch, is a species of flowering plant in the family Betulaceae. It is native to Manchuria, Korea, Primorsky Krai Primorsky Krai (russian: Приморский край, r=Primorsky kray, p=prʲɪˈmorskʲɪj kraj), informally known as Primorye (, ), is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia, located in the Far East region of the country and is a part of the ... of the Russian Far East, and Japan. A tree reaching with nearly black bark, its wood is so dense that it does not float, and is used where a tough, durable material is desired. References schmidtii Flora of Manchuria Flora of Korea Flora of Primorsky Krai Flora of Japan Plants described in 1865 {{Fagales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
