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Beth Huzaye (East Syrian Ecclesiastical Province)
Beth Huzaye ( syr, ܒܝܬ ܗܘܙܝܐ ) or ʿIlam was an East Syriac metropolitan province of the Church of the East, between the fifth and fourteenth centuries. The metropolitan bishops of Beth Huzaye sat at Beth Lapat (Jundishapur). The metropolitan province of Beth Huzaye had a number of suffragan dioceses at different periods in its history, including Karka d'Ledan, Hormizd Ardashir, Shushter, Susa, Ispahan, Mihraganqadaq and Ram Hormizd. The diocese of Shahpur Khwast may also have been a suffragan diocese of the province of Beth Huzaye. The names Beth Huzaye and ʿIlam refer to Khuzestan and Elam, respectively. Background The bishop of Beth Lapat was recognised as metropolitan of Beth Huzaye in Canon XXI of the synod of Isaac in 410. The metropolitan of Beth Huzaye ranked above the metropolitans of the other four metropolitan provinces established in 410 (Nisibis, Maishan, Adiabene and Beth Garmaï), and was responsible for the suffragan dioceses of Karka d'Ledan, Hormi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East Syriac Rite
The East Syriac Rite or East Syrian Rite, also called the Edessan Rite, Assyrian Rite, Persian Rite, Chaldean Rite, Nestorian Rite, Babylonian Rite or Syro-Oriental Rite, is an Eastern Christian liturgical rite that employs the Divine Liturgy of Saints Addai and Mari and the East Syriac dialect as its liturgical language. It is one of two main liturgical rites of Syriac Christianity, the other being the West Syriac Rite (Syro-Antiochene Rite). The East Syriac Rite originated in Edessa, Mesopotamia, and was historically used in the Church of the East, the largest branch of Christianity which operated primarily east of the Roman Empire, with pockets of adherents as far as South India, Central and Inner Asia and strongest in the Sasanian (Persian) Empire. The Church of the East traces its origins to the 1st century when Saint Thomas the Apostle and his disciples, Saint Addai and Saint Mari, brought the faith to ancient Mesopotamia, now modern Iraq, the eastern parts of Syria, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul (Nestorian Patriarch)
Paul was briefly Patriarch of the Church of the East in 539. He is included in the traditional list of patriarchs of the Church of the East. Sources Brief accounts of Paul's reign are given in the ''Ecclesiastical Chronicle'' of the Jacobite writer Bar Hebraeus (''floruit'' 1280) and in the ecclesiastical histories of the Nestorian writers Mari (twelfth-century), Amr (fourteenth-century) and Sliba (fourteenth-century). His life is also covered in the ''Chronicle of Seert''. Paul's patriarchate The following account of Paul's reign is given by Mari: This father was the archdeacon of Mar Yozaq, bishop of al-Ahwaz, whom he succeeded on that throne, and was one of those men from whom the fathers had extracted an oath that they would take the part neither of Narsaï nor Elisha. He is said to have been metropolitan of Jundishapur Gundeshapur ( pal, 𐭥𐭧𐭩𐭠𐭭𐭣𐭩𐭥𐭪𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩, ''Weh-Andiōk-Šābuhr''; New Persian: , ''Gondēshāpūr'') was t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ishoyahb I
Ishoʿyahb I of Arzun was patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East from 582 to 595. His name is included in the traditional list of patriarchs of the Church of the East. Sources Brief accounts of Ishoʿyahb's patriarchate are given in the ''Ecclesiastical Chronicle'' of the Jacobite writer Bar Hebraeus (''floruit'' 1280) and in the ecclesiastical histories of the Nestorian writers Mari (twelfth-century), ʿAmr (fourteenth-century) and Sliba (fourteenth-century). A lengthier and more circumstantial account is given in the ''Chronicle of Seert'', an anonymous ninth-century Nestorian history. Ishoʿyahb's patriarchate The following account of Ishoʿyahb's patriarchate is given by Bar Hebraeus: The catholicus Ezekiel, who had called his bishops blind and later became blind himself, lived in the time of Hormizd, son of Khusro. He died two years after he went blind, and was succeeded by Ishoʿyahb, bishop of Arzun. This man, after fulfilling his office for fifteen years, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elisha (Nestorian Patriarch)
Elisha was Patriarch of the Church of the East during a period of schism from 524 to 537. Unlike his opponent Narsai, who was also consecrated as catholicus but has traditionally been considered an anti-patriarch, Elisha is included in the traditional list of patriarchs of the Church of the East. Sources Brief accounts of Elisha's reign are given in the ''Ecclesiastical Chronicle'' of the Jacobite writer Bar Hebraeus (''floruit'' 1280) and in the ecclesiastical histories of the Nestorian writers Mari (twelfth-century), Amr (fourteenth-century) and Sliba (fourteenth-century). A long and detailed account of the schism of Narsai and Elisha is given in the ''Chronicle of Seert''. Elisha's patriarchate The following account of Elisha's reign is given by Bar Hebraeus: Shila died after a while in office. Then a schism arose among the bishops. Some of them supported Elisha, the son-in-law of Shila, and consecrated him catholicus in the church of Ctesiphon; while others supported ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timothy II (Nestorian Patriarch)
Mar Timothy II (also Timotheos II) was Patriarch of the Church of the East from 1318 to 1332. He became leader of the church at a time of profound external stress due to loss of favor with the Mongol rulers of Persia. Eleven bishops were present at Timothy's consecration in 1318: the metropolitans Joseph of Ilam, Abdisho of Nisibis and Shemon of Mosul, and the bishops Shemon of Beth Garmaï, Shemon of Tirhan, Shemon of Balad, Yohannan of Beth Waziq, Yohannan of Shigar, Abdisho of Hnitha, Isaac of Beth Daron and Ishoyahb of Tella and Barbelli (Marga). Timothy himself had been metropolitan of Erbil before his election as patriarch. One of Timothy's first acts as patriarch was to call a synod in February 1318 and to affirm the Nomocanon of Abdisho of Nisibis Abdisho bar Berika or Ebedjesu ( syc, ܥܒܕܝܫܘܥ ܕܨܘܒܐ) (died 1318), also known as Mar Odisho or St. Odisho in English, was a Syriac writer. He was born in Nusaybin. Abdisho was first bishop of Shiggar (Sinjar) and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yahballaha III
Yahballaha III ( 1245–13 November 1317), known in earlier years as Rabban Marcos (or Markos) or Yahballaha V, was Patriarch of the East from 1281 to 1317. As patriarch, Yahballaha headed the Church of the East during the severe persecutions under the reign of khans Ghazan and his successor Öljaitü. He acknowledged the primacy of the Pope and tried to form a church union, which was rejected by the Nestorian bishops of the Church of the East. A native of Koshang, Marcos traveled with Rabban Bar Sauma, an ascetic Nestorian monk from Mongol-controlled China to Jerusalem, however, due to the war between the Mongols and Mamluks they were prevented to reach the final destination. Patriarch Denha I of the Church of the East recalled them and consecrated Markos as the bishop of Katay and Ong, with the name Mar Yahballaha. However, both of them opted to remain in monasteries in Mosul. Yahballaha's election as the new patriarch of the Church of the East was approved by Abaqa Kha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Denha I
Mar Denha I (also written Dinkha I) was Patriarch of the Church of the East (sometimes referred to as the Nestorian church) from 1265 to 1281. He was widely suspected of murdering Shem'on Bar Qaligh, bishop of Tus, and was remembered by later generations as Denha Qatola, 'Denha the Murderer'. Patriarchate In 1268 the Patriarch had moved from Baghdad, first to Oshnou in Azerbaijan and later to Urmia and Maragheh. Denha I was patriarch when Rabban Bar Sauma and his companion Rabban Markos arrived in Persia, on their pilgrimage from China towards Jerusalem. Denha had his seat in Baghdad at that time, and requested the two monks to visit the court of Abaqa in order to obtain confirmation letters for Mar Denha's ordination as Patriarch. Intending to establish them as leaders of the Church of the East in China, Denha consecrated Markos as Mar Yahballaha, Bishop of Katai and Ong, and named Rabban Bar Sauma vicar general. Later, Denha charged the monks to return to China as his messe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Makkikha II
Makkikha II (also written Makika II) was Patriarch of the Church of the East from 1257 until his death in 1265. He succeeded the patriarch Sabrisho V ibn al-Masihi and was followed by Denha I. Sources Brief accounts of Makkika's patriarchate are given in the ''Ecclesiastical Chronicle'' of the Jacobite writer Bar Hebraeus () and in the ecclesiastical histories of the fourteenth-century Nestorian writers Amr and Sliba. Makkikha's election Makkikha won the patriarchal election of 1257 by slandering his chief rival, the metropolitan and future patriarch Denha of Erbil, as a friend of the Mongol khans who was too dangerous to elect as patriarch. Bribery was commonplace in the patriarchal elections of the Church of the East at this period. The following account of Makkikha's election is given by Bar Hebraeus: In the same year in which the Nestorian catholicus Sabrisho Bar Masihi died, namely the year 654 of the Arabs D 1256/7 the bishops gathered together at Baghdad, and a q ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natar Kursya
The ''nāṭar kursyā'' (or ''nāṭar kursi'', Syriac ܢܛܪ ܟܘܪܣܝܐ, meaning "guardian of the throne") was an officer of the Church of the East. Originally charged with administering the church in the interim between the death of one patriarch and the election of a new one, the office had evolved by the end of the 15th century so that its holder was the designated successor of the reigning patriarch. At first, the bishop of Kashkar was ''ex officio'' guardian of the throne, but by the 14th century the honour had been transferred to the metropolitan of Elam. It was under Patriarch Shemʿon IV (died 1497) that the office was transformed. Endeavouring to keep the patriarchal office in his family and in violation of canon law Canon law (from grc, κανών, , a 'straight measuring rod, ruler') is a set of ordinances and regulations made by ecclesiastical authority (church leadership) for the government of a Christian organization or church and its members. It is th ..., h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Israel (Nestorian Patriarch)
Israel was Patriarch of the Church of the East in 961. Sources Brief accounts of Israel's short patriarchate are given in the ''Ecclesiastical Chronicle'' of the Jacobite writer Bar Hebraeus (''floruit'' 1280) and in the ecclesiastical histories of the Nestorian writers Mari (twelfth-century), Amr (fourteenth-century) and Sliba (fourteenth-century). Israel's patriarchate The following account of Israel's patriarchate is given by Bar Hebraeus: Before this same year, namely the year 350 of the Arabs D 961/2 Israel, the successor of Emmanuel, was ordained catholicus, who had earlier been bishop of Kashkar. For after the death of Emmanuel Immanuel ( he, עִמָּנוּאֵל, 'Īmmānū'ēl, meaning, "God is with us"; also romanized: , ; and or in Koine Greek of the New Testament) is a Hebrew name that appears in the Book of Isaiah (7:14) as a sign that God will protect the H ... several people favoured Gabriel, the metropolitan of Fars, but the bishops did not accept hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yohannan III
Yohannan III, the nephew of the patriarch Theodosius (853–858), was Patriarch of the Church of the East from 893 to 899. He was remembered as a profound scholar, but also as a glutton, a miser and a simoniac Simony () is the act of selling church offices and roles or sacred things. It is named after Simon Magus, who is described in the Acts of the Apostles as having offered two disciples of Jesus payment in exchange for their empowering him to im .... Sources Brief accounts of Yohannan's patriarchate are given in the ''Ecclesiastical Chronicle'' of the Jacobite writer Bar Hebraeus (''floruit'' 1280) and in the ecclesiastical histories of the Nestorian writers Mari (twelfth-century), Amr (fourteenth-century) and Sliba (fourteenth-century) Yohannan's patriarchate The following account of Yohannan's patriarchate, partly dependent on Mari's version, is given by Bar Hebraeus: The catholicus Yohannan Bar Narsaï was succeeded by Yohannan, the nephew of the catholicus Theodosi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isho Bar Nun
Ishoʿ bar Nun was Patriarch of the Church of the East from 823 to 828. He succeeded Timothy I, widely considered to be the most impressive of the Nestorian patriarchs. Sources Brief accounts of Ishoʿ bar Nun's patriarchate are given in the ''Ecclesiastical Chronicle'' of the Jacobite writer Bar Hebraeus (''floruit'' 1280) and in the ecclesiastical histories of the Nestorian writers Mari (twelfth-century), ʿAmr (fourteenth-century) and Sliba (fourteenth-century). Modern assessments of Ishoʿ bar Nun's reign can be found in Jean-Maurice Fiey's ''Chrétiens syriaques sous les Abbassides'' and David Wilmshurst's ''The Martyred Church''. Ishoʿ bar Nun's patriarchate The following account of Ishoʿ bar Nun's patriarchate is given by Bar Hebraeus: Timothy was succeeded by Ishoʿ bar Nun of Beth Gabbare, a village in the region of Nineveh. He had resided for thirty-eight years in the monastery of Deir Saʿid near Mosul, and was very well versed in doctrine. He wrote a confutat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
