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Belgian General Strike Of 1960–1961
The general strike of 1960–1961 (french: Grève générale de 1960–1961), known popularly in Wallonia as the Strike of the Century (''Grève du Siècle''), was a major series of strikes in Belgium which began on 14 December 1960 and lasted approximately six weeks. The general strike was instigated by the militant trade union, the General Labour Federation of Belgium (''Fédération Générale du Travail de Belgique'', or FGTB; ''Algemeen Belgisch Vakverbond'', ABVV), against an attempt by the government of Gaston Eyskens to improve the state of Belgium's public finances after the independence of the Belgian Congo by introducing a series of austerity measures known as the Unitary Law (''Loi Unique'' or ''Eenheidswet''). It has been described as "one of the most serious class confrontations in Belgium's social history", which brought out 700,000 workers out on strike. A number of clashes took place between strikers and the police, Gendarmerie, and Belgian Army. In one incident, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Le Vif
''Le Vif/L'Express'' is a French language weekly news magazine published in Brussels, Belgium. It has been in circulation since 1963. History and profile The magazine was established under the name of ''Le Vif'' in 1983. Its name was changed to ''Le Vif/L'Express'' when an agreement was made with the French magazine '' L'Express''. Both magazines have had a cooperation since then and are both owned by Roularta Media Group. ''Le Vif/L'Express'' has its headquarters in Brussels. As of 2010 Thierry Fiorilli was the editor-in-chief of the magazine, which is published weekly on Fridays and offers news on politics, economics, investigations, society and culture in relation to both Belgium and international events. It also covers news on literature and sports. During the period of 2011-2012 55.3% of its readers were men. ''Le Vif/L'Express'' magazine is the equivalent of Flemish weekly news magazine '' Knack'', which is also owned by the Roularta Media Group. Both magazines are publis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marxist Internet Archive
Marxists Internet Archive (also known as MIA or Marxists.org) is a non-profit online encyclopedia that hosts a multilingual library (created in 1990) of the works of communist, anarchist, and socialist writers, such as Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir Lenin, Leon Trotsky, Joseph Stalin, Mao Zedong, Rosa Luxemburg, Mikhail Bakunin, Peter Kropotkin and Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, as well as that of writers of related ideologies, and even unrelated ones (for instance, Sun Tzu). The collection is maintained by volunteers, and is based on a collection of documents that were distributed by email and newsgroups, later collected into a single gopher site in 1993. It contains over 180,000 documents from over 850 authors in 80 languages. History Origins The archive was created in 1990 by a person — known only by his Internet tag, Zodiac — who started archiving Marxist texts by transcribing the works of Marx and Engels into E-text, starting with the ''Communist Manifesto''. In 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Libcom
libcom.org is an online platform featuring a variety of libertarian communist essays, blog posts, and archives, primarily in English. It was founded in 2005 by editors in the United States and the United Kingdom. Libcom.org also has a forum and social media features including the ability to comment on post and upload original articles. In contrast with traditional archives, anarchistic archival practices embrace "use as preservation", making use of digital technology to host niche political material in online repositories like Libcom.org. The site was launched in 2003 originally as enrager.net, but changed its name in 2005 to the present name libcom.org, short for libertarian communism. The enrager.net web collective was a splinter of the London group inside the Anarchist Youth Network, an organization founded in 2002 by two members of the Anarchist Federation (Britain), Anarchist Federation. See also * Spunk Library, a defunct anarchist web archive (1992–2002) * Anarchy Arc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congo Crisis
The Congo Crisis (french: Crise congolaise, link=no) was a period of political upheaval and conflict between 1960 and 1965 in the Republic of the Congo (today the Democratic Republic of the Congo). The crisis began almost immediately after the Congo became independent from Belgium and ended, unofficially, with the entire country under the rule of Joseph-Désiré Mobutu. Constituting a series of civil wars, the Congo Crisis was also a proxy conflict in the Cold War, in which the Soviet Union and the United States supported opposing factions. Around 100,000 people are believed to have been killed during the crisis. A nationalist movement in the Belgian Congo demanded the end of colonial rule: this led to the country's independence on 30 June 1960. Minimal preparations had been made and many issues, such as federalism, tribalism, and ethnic nationalism, remained unresolved. In the first week of July, a mutiny broke out in the army and violence erupted between black and whit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Split Of The Catholic University Of Leuven
The Catholic University of Leuven was one of Belgium's major universities. It split along linguistic lines after a period of civil unrest in 1967–68 commonly known as the Leuven Affair (''Affaire de Louvain'') in French and Flemish Leuven (''Leuven Vlaams''), based on a contemporary slogan, in Dutch. The crisis shook Belgian politics and led to the fall of the government of Paul Vanden Boeynants. It marked an escalation of the linguistic tension in Belgium after World War II and had lasting consequences for other bilingual institutions in Belgium within higher education and politics alike. In 1970 the first of several state reforms occurred, marking the start of Belgium's transition to a federal state. Background Belgium became independent in 1830 with a population divided roughly equally between French and Dutch speakers. However, French was privileged as the ''lingua franca'' of the upper classes and high culture. This was reflected in the Catholic University of Leuven, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André Renard
André Renard (25 May 191120 July 1962) was a Belgian trade union leader who, in the aftermath of World War II, became an influential figure within the Walloon Movement. Born into a working-class family, Renard was as a metalworker in the Liège region in Wallonia in the era of the Great Depression before becoming involved in the Federation of Metalworkers of Liège (''Fédération des métallurgistes de Liège'') in 1937. He established an underground trade union in German-occupied Belgium during the Second World War which sought to unite socialist and communist unions within a united trade union (''syndicat unique''). He emerged as a powerful figure within trade unionism in the aftermath of the Liberation of Belgium. Renard entered the newly established General Labour Federation of Belgium (''Fédération Générale du Travail de Belgique'', FGTB) in 1945 and emerged as a political figure with a national reputation in following years. He became increasingly interested in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Misère Au Borinage
''Misère au Borinage'' ( French; ), also known as ''Borinage'', is a 1934 Belgian documentary film directed by Henri Storck and Joris Ivens. Produced during the Great Depression, the film's theme is intensely socialist, covering the poor living conditions of workers, particularly coal miners, in the Borinage region of Hainaut Province in Belgium. It is considered a classic work of political cinema and has been described as "one of the most important references in the documentary genre". ''Misère au Borinage'' was shot in black and white and is a silent film with intertitles in French and Dutch. It opens with a title card, bearing the slogan: "Crisis in the Capitalist World. Factories are closed down, abandoned. Millions of proletarians are hungry!" and shows footage of the repression of a 1933 strike in Ambridge, Pennsylvania in the United States. The film then shifts to the Borinage, an industrial region in Belgium's Hainaut Province, during and after the general strike o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belgian General Strikes
Since 1893, there have been a number of general strikes in Belgium. Occasioned by the emergence of the labour movement and socialism in Belgium, general strikes have been an enduring part of Belgian political life. Originally intended to encourage the reform of the franchise, more recent strikes have focused on issues of wages and opposition to government austerity. Since 1945, general strikes have been co-ordinated by the General Federation of Belgian Labour (ABVV-FGTB), a federation of Socialist trade unions, while most before World War II were organised by the parliamentary Belgian Labour Party (POB-BWP). According to Carl J. Strikwerda, the Belgian general strike of 1893 was the first general strike in the European history. Origins In 1866, the Belgian government revoked the articles of the Le Chapelier Law which had outlawed trade unions. The first strikes followed soon after. A mining strike occurred in 1868 and textile workers went on strike during the economic depression ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dardenne Brothers
Brothers Jean-Pierre Dardenne (; born 21 April 1951) and Luc Dardenne (born 10 March 1954), collectively referred to as the Dardenne brothers, are a Belgian filmmaking duo. They write, produce, and direct their films together. The Dardennes began making narrative and documentary films in the late 1970s. They came to international attention in the mid-1990s with ''La Promesse'' (''The Promise''). They won their first major international film prize when ''Rosetta'' won the Palme d'Or at the 1999 Cannes Film Festival. Their work tends to reflect left-wing themes and points-of-view. In 2002, Olivier Gourmet won Best Actor at Cannes for the Dardennes' '' Le Fils'' (''The Son''). In 2005, they won the Palme d'Or a second time for their film '' L'Enfant'' (''The Child''), putting them in an elite club, at the time, of only seven. Their film, ''Le Silence de Lorna'' (''Lorna's Silence''), won Best Screenplay at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival and was released in Europe in the fall. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Winter 1960
''Winter 1960'' (french: Hiver 60) is a 1983 Belgian drama film directed by Thierry Michel. It was entered into the 13th Moscow International Film Festival. Cast * Philippe Léotard as André * Christian Barbier as Le père d'André * Marcel Dossogne as Charles * Paul Louka as Fred * Ronny Coutteure Ronny Louis Edmond Coutteure (2 July 1951 – 21 June 2000) was a Belgian actor, director, author, TV presenter and restaurateur and worked in cinema, radio, television, opera and theatre. He was a celebrity in his home country of Belgium and ... as Albert * Jenny Clève as Nelly - la mère d'André References External links * 1983 films 1983 drama films Belgian drama films 1980s French-language films French-language Belgian films {{Belgium-film-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
