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Battle Of Vindalium
The Battle of Vindalium (121 BC) took place near Vindalium, a Cavari, Cavarian settlement probably corresponding to modern day Mourre-de-Sève in Sorgues, near the confluence of the Rhône and Durance rivers in Southern France. The battle opposed the Allobroges, a Gallic tribe dwelling further north between the Rhône and the Alps, to the Roman forces of proconsul Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus (consul 122 BC), Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus. Background According to scholar Louis Rawlings, "the Roman expansion into Transalpine Gaul aimed to help the Greek colony of Massalia (Marseille) against the Saluvii (or Salyes) and to secure a land route to the Roman provinces in Spain." In 125 BC, the consul Marcus Fulvius Flaccus (consul 125 BC), Marcus Fulvius Flaccus crossed the Alps and subdued the Saluvii, a Ligurian tribe that dwelled near Massalia. In 123 or 122 BC, the proconsul Gaius Sextius Calvinus defeated Toutomotulus, king of the Saluvii, and sacked their ''oppidum'' at Entremont (o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sorgues
Sorgues (; oc, Sòrgas) is a Communes of France, commune in the Vaucluse Departments of France, department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regions of France, region of Southeastern France. The river Ouvèze, a tributary of the Rhône, as well as its tributary Sorgue, which begins at the Fontaine de Vaucluse (spring), Fontaine de Vaucluse, run through the commune. Sorgues, which had a population of 18,680 in 2017, is located just north of Avignon, on the border with Gard. History According to ''The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas'' by Gertrude Stein, Georges Braque lived in Sorgues after being wounded during the World War I, First World War.Gertrude Stein, ''The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas'', Penguin Classics; New Ed edition (26 April 2001), page 201 Population See also * Communes of the Vaucluse department * Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC References {{authority control Communes of Vaucluse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaius Sextius Calvinus
Gaius Sextius Calvinus was a consul of the Roman Republic in 124 BC. During his consulship, he joined M. Fulvius Flaccus in waging war against the Ligures, Saluvii, and Vocontii in the Mediterranean region of present-day France. He continued as proconsul in Gaul for 123–122. He had held office as praetor no later than 127. Sextius is most noted for giving his name to ''Aquae Sextiae'', "the Baths of Sextius," a site of thermal springs that is in modern-day Aix-en-Provence. There he established a garrison ('' castellum'') below the Saluvian oppidum of Entremont. Sextius played a significant role in the military operations, concluded by Domitius Ahenobarbus and Fabius Maximus around 120 BC, that led to the annexation of Transalpine Gaul as a Roman province. He and Fulvius Flaccus were able to create a mile-wide line of communication linking the territory of longtime Roman ally Massilia (present-day Marseilles) to Cisalpine Gaul, already under Roman control. He was given a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles Involving The Roman Republic
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and Battle of Stalingrad, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, wherea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
121 BC
__NOTOC__ Year 121 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Opimius and Allobrogicus (or, less frequently, year 633 ''Ab urbe condita'') and the Second Year of Yuanshou. The denomination 121 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Republic * The Roman Senate passes the motion ''senatus consultum ultimum'', which the consul Lucius Opimius interprets as giving him unlimited power to preserve the Republic. He gathers an armed force of Senators and their supporters to confront Gaius Gracchus. A pitched battle is fought inside Rome, resulting in the death of Gracchus and many of his followers. * A tribunal is established in Rome that executes 3,000 followers of Gracchus. * Consul Quintus Fabius Maximus, allied with the Aedui, defeats the Arverni and Allobroges in Transalpine Ga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of The Isère River
The Battle of the Isère River (8 August 121 BC) took place near the modern day French town of Valence (city), Valence at the confluence of the Isère (river), Isère and Rhône rivers. A first confrontation had been won by Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus (consul 122 BC), Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus at the Battle of Vindalium, further south in the Rhône Valley, before Ahenobarbus and Quintus Fabius Maximus Allobrogicus joined their forces, defeating a confederation of Allobroges, Arverni and some Salyes, Salluvii warriors at the Isère River. Roman consular legions were dispatched into Gaul repeatedly over a time period stretching from 125 to 121 BC to assist allies who repeatedly had come under attack from various Gallic tribes, most prominently the Salluvii, Allobroges, and Arverni. Each year during this time, a newly elected consul was dispatched by the Senate to Cisalpine Gaul in an effort to finally end the threat posed by these tribes towards the Roman allies in the region, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bollène
Bollène (; Provençal: ''Bouleno'') is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France. Geography Bollène is a commune located in the north of the Vaucluse department next to the junction of Drôme, Ardèche and Gard departments. Located near major communication routes, the city (old town) occupies the northern end of a sandstone plateau where lie the communes of Mondragon, Mornas, Uchaux and Lagarde-Paréol. The rest of the town, including the lower town, stretches over a fertile plain which rests on a large layer of clay. Population Twin towns Bollène is twinned with L'Alcúdia, Spain, since 1994. See also *Communes of the Vaucluse department *Tricastin Nuclear Power Center The Tricastin Nuclear Power Plant (french: link=no, Centrale Nucléaire du Tricastin) is a nuclear power plant consisting of 4 pressurized water reactors (PWRs) of CP1 type with 915 MW electrical power output each. The power plant is lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bituitus
Bituitus ('' fl.'' 2nd century BCE) was a king of the Arverni, a Gaulish tribe living in what is now the Auvergne region of France. The Arverni were a powerful opponent of the Roman Republic during the 3rd and 2nd centuries under the leadership of Luernius, the father of Bituitus. In 121 BCE, Bituitus was defeated by the Roman general Fabius Maximus, ending the power of the Arverni in Mediterranean Gaul, or present-day southern France. The defeat of the Arverni resulted in the establishment of the Roman province of Gallia Narbonensis. History In 121 BC, the Roman proconsul Domitius Ahenobarbus undertook a war against the Allobroges, who allied with the Arverni under Bituitus. These Gallic tribes were defeated near the town of Vindalium, the current French town of Bédarrides. After this defeat, the Allobroges and Arverni made preparations to re-enter battle with the Romans. Bituitus again took the field with a large army. Where the Isère river meets the river Rhone near curr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orosius
Paulus Orosius (; born 375/385 – 420 AD), less often Paul Orosius in English, was a Roman priest, historian and theologian, and a student of Augustine of Hippo. It is possible that he was born in '' Bracara Augusta'' (now Braga, Portugal), then capital of the Roman province of Gallaecia, which would have been the capital of the Kingdom of the Suebi by his death. Although there are some questions regarding his biography, such as his exact date of birth, it is known that he was a person of some prestige from a cultural point of view, as he had contact with the greatest figures of his time such as Augustine of Hippo and Jerome of Stridon. In order to meet with them Orosius travelled to cities on the southern coast of the Mediterranean Sea, such as Hippo Regius, Alexandria, and Jerusalem. These journeys defined his life and intellectual output. Orosius did not just discuss theological matters with Augustine; he also collaborated with him on the book '' City of God''. In addition ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avignon
Avignon (, ; ; oc, Avinhon, label=Provençal dialect, Provençal or , ; la, Avenio) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Vaucluse Departments of France, department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regions of France, region of Southeastern France. Located on the left bank of the river Rhône, the Communes of France, commune had a population of 93,671 as of the census results of 2017, with about 16,000 (estimate from Avignon's municipal services) living in the ancient town centre enclosed by its Walls of Avignon, medieval walls. It is Functional area (France), France's 35th largest metropolitan area according to Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques, INSEE with 336,135 inhabitants (2019), and France's 13th largest urban unit with 458,828 inhabitants (2019). Its urban area was the fastest-growing in France from 1999 until 2010 with an increase of 76% of its population and an area increase of 136%. The Communauté d'agglomération du Grand Av ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cavares
The Cavarī or Cavarēs (Gaulish: *''Cauaroi'', 'the heroes, champions, mighty men') were a Gallic tribe dwelling in the western part of modern Vaucluse, around the present-day cities of Avignon, Orange and Cavaillon, during the Roman period. They were at the head of a confederation of tribes that included the Tricastini, Segovellauni and Memini, and whose territory stretched further north along the Rhône Valley up to the Isère river. Name They are mentioned as ''Kaouárōn'' (Καουάρων) by Strabo (early 1st c. AD), ''Cavarum'' by Pliny (1st c. AD), ''Cavarum'' and ''Cavaras'' by Pomponius Mela (mid-1st c. AD), ''Kaúaroi'' (Καύαροι) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD), and as ''Cavares'' on the ''Tabula Peutingeriana'' (5th c. AD). The ethnonym ''Cavarī'' is a latinized form of Gaulish *''Cauaroi'' (sing. *''Cauaros''), meaning 'the heroes', or 'the mighty men'. It derives from the Celtic stem ''*kawaro-'', meaning 'hero, champion' (cf. Old Irish ''cuar'' 'hero, champion, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arveni
The Arverni (Gaulish: *''Aruernoi'') were a Gallic people dwelling in the modern Auvergne region during the Iron Age and the Roman period. They were one of the most powerful tribes of ancient Gaul, contesting primacy over the region with the neighbouring Aedui. They are mentioned in 207 BC as treating with Carthaginian commandant Hasdrubal Barca. Headed by their chiefs Luernius and Bituitus, the Arverni were at the head of an extensive empire. After Bituitus was defeated by Domitius Ahenobarbus and Fabius Maximus in 121 BC, the Arvernian empire was reduced to suzerainty over some neighbouring tribes. In 52 BC, during the Gallic Wars, the Arvernian chief Vercingetorix led the Gallic revolt against the armies of Caesar. After an initial victory at the Battle of Gergovia, Vercingetorix was defeated by the Romans at the Battle of Alesia, after which the Arverni lost their power of suzerainty. They maintained however a status of '' civitas libera'', and remained a prosperous trib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burgundy
Burgundy (; french: link=no, Bourgogne ) is a historical territory and former administrative region and province of east-central France. The province was once home to the Dukes of Burgundy from the early 11th until the late 15th century. The capital of Dijon was one of the great European centres of art and science, a place of tremendous wealth and power, and Western Monasticism. In early Modern Europe, Burgundy was a focal point of courtly culture that set the fashion for European royal houses and their court. The Duchy of Burgundy was a key in the transformation of the Middle Ages toward early modern Europe. Upon the 9th-century partitions of the Kingdom of Burgundy, the lands and remnants partitioned to the Kingdom of France were reduced to a ducal rank by King Robert II of France in 1004. The House of Burgundy, a cadet branch of the House of Capet, ruled over a territory that roughly conformed to the borders and territories of the modern administrative region of Burgundy. U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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