Battle Of Kollum
The Battle of Kollum was a military engagement that took place on 16 July 1581 during the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo–Spanish War (1585), Anglo–Spanish War. The battle was fought between an English and Dutch force under John Norris (soldier), John Norreys and Diederik Sonoy respectively, and a Spanish force under George van Lalaing, George van Lalaing, the Count of Rennenberg. The Dutch and English were victorious, and as a result of the defeat Rennenberg, already ill, died two days later.Nolan p. 46 In March 1580 George van Lalaing, the Count Rennenberg had Turncoat, turned against William the Silent, and then declared for Spain. This caused outrage amongst the Dutch with many even coming over to the side of the rebels. Rennenberg led an army to lay Siege of Steenwijk (1580–1581), siege at Steenwijk but was defeated when an Anglo-Dutch relief army under John Norris (soldier), John Norreys arrived. Many of Rennenberg's army were sick and in a mutinous mood; they fled ...
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Eighty Years' War
The Eighty Years' War or Dutch Revolt ( nl, Nederlandse Opstand) ( c.1566/1568–1648) was an armed conflict in the Habsburg Netherlands between disparate groups of rebels and the Spanish government. The causes of the war included the Reformation, centralisation, taxation, and the rights and privileges of the nobility and cities. After the initial stages, Philip II of Spain, the sovereign of the Netherlands, deployed his armies and regained control over most of the rebel-held territories. However, widespread mutinies in the Spanish army caused a general uprising. Under the leadership of the exiled William the Silent, the Catholic- and Protestant-dominated provinces sought to establish religious peace while jointly opposing the king's regime with the Pacification of Ghent, but the general rebellion failed to sustain itself. Despite Governor of Spanish Netherlands and General for Spain, the Duke of Parma's steady military and diplomatic successes, the Union of Utrecht ...
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