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Battle At Gaza (1239)
The Battle at Gaza took place on 13 November 1239 as part of the Barons' Crusade. In it, an army led by Theobald I of Navarre was defeated by the Egyptian Ayyubids.Burgturf, Jochen. ''The Crusades - An Encyclopedia''. pp. 498–499. Background After the ten-year peace treaty between Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II and Ayyubid sultan al-Kamil expired in July 1239, a French Crusader army under Theobald I of Navarre was dispatched in response to the call by pope Gregory IX. The army arrived in Acre in September 1239 where it was reinforced by contingents from the three military orders and the local barons of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. On November 2, the Crusader army moved to Ascalon with about 4,000 men, where they were to rebuild the fortress, securing the southern flank of the kingdom against the Egyptians, in anticipation of an attack on Damascus. The scouts of Peter of Dreux, one of the French commanders, reported a large convoy of herd animals ''en route'' to Damascus. Pete ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barons' Crusade
The Barons' Crusade (1239–1241), also called the Crusade of 1239, was a crusade to the Holy Land that, in territorial terms, was the most successful crusade since the First Crusade. Called by Pope Gregory IX, the Barons' Crusade broadly embodied the highest point of papal endeavor "to make crusading a universal Christian undertaking." Gregory IX called for a crusade in France, England, and Hungary with different degrees of success. Although the crusaders did not achieve any glorious military victories, they used diplomacy to successfully play the two warring factions of the Ayyubid dynasty ( as-Salih Ismail in Damascus and as-Salih Ayyub in Egypt) against one another for even more concessions than Frederick II had gained during the more well-known Sixth Crusade. For a few years, the Barons' Crusade returned the Kingdom of Jerusalem to its largest size since 1187. This crusade to the Holy Land is sometimes discussed as two separate crusades: that of King Theobald I of Nav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
