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Bathydraconidae
The Bathydraconidae, or the Antarctic dragonfishes, are a family of marine ray-finned fishes, notothenioids belonging to the Perciform suborder Notothenioidei. The family comprises four genera. These fishes are endemic to deep waters off Antarctica. Taxonomy Bathydraconidae was first formally described as a family in 1913 by the English ichthyologist Charles Tate Regan in his report on the fishes collected on the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition to the Royal Society of Edinburgh. He used the genus '' Bathydraco'', which had been described by Albert Gunther in 1878 as a monotypic genus with '' B. antarctica'' as its type species, as the type genus. Molecular analyses have supported the split of bathydraconids into three clades; Bathydraconinae which includes ''Bathydraco'', '' Prionodraco'' and '' Racovitzia''; Gymnodraconinae which includes '' Gymnodraco'', '' Psilodraco'' and '' Acanthodraco''); and Cygnodraconinae including '' Cygnodraco'', '' Gerlachea'' and '' Parach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bathydraco Antarcticus
''Bathydraco'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Bathydraconidae, the Antarctic dragonfishes. They are native to the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Bathydraco'' was first described as a genus in 1878 by the German-born British ichthyologist Albert Günther as a monotypic genus with '' B. antarctica'', which had been collected on the Callenger expedition south of Heard Island, as its type species. The generic name ''Bathydraco'' is a combination of ''bathy'' meaning "deep" and ''draco'' meaning dragon, the type of ''B. antarctica'' was collected at and ''draco'' is a commonly used suffix for Notothenioids. Species There are currently five recognized species in this genus: * '' Bathydraco antarcticus'' Günther, 1878 * '' Bathydraco joannae'' H. H. DeWitt, 1985 * '' Bathydraco macrolepis'' Boulenger, 1907 * '' Bathydraco marri'' Norman Norman or Normans may refer to: Ethnic and cultural identity * The Normans, a people partly descended from Norse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bathydraco
''Bathydraco'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Bathydraconidae, the Antarctic dragonfishes. They are native to the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Bathydraco'' was first described as a genus in 1878 by the German-born British ichthyologist Albert Günther as a monotypic genus with '' B. antarctica'', which had been collected on the Callenger expedition south of Heard Island, as its type species. The generic name ''Bathydraco'' is a combination of ''bathy'' meaning "deep" and ''draco'' meaning dragon, the type of ''B. antarctica'' was collected at and ''draco'' is a commonly used suffix for Notothenioids. Species There are currently five recognized species in this genus: * ''Bathydraco antarcticus'' Günther, 1878 * '' Bathydraco joannae'' H. H. DeWitt, 1985 * '' Bathydraco macrolepis'' Boulenger, 1907 * '' Bathydraco marri'' Norman Norman or Normans may refer to: Ethnic and cultural identity * The Normans, a people partly descended from Norse V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parachaenichthys
''Parachaenichthys'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Bathydraconidae, the Antarctic dragonfishes. They are found in the Southern Ocean around Antarctica. Taxonomy ''Parachaenichthys'' was first described as a genus in 1902 by the Belgian-born British ichthyologist George Albert Boulenger with ''Chaenichthys georgianus'' designated as the type species by monotypy, i.e. it was the only species in the new genus at the time of genus description. ''Chaenichthys georgianus'' had been described in 1885 by the German zoologist J.G. Fischer with the type locality given as South Georgia. The genus name ''Parachaenichthys'' is a compound of ''para'' meaning "near" or "similar to" and ''Chaenichthys'', i.e. ''Channichthys'' the genus ''P. georgianus'' was originally placed in by Fischer. Species There are currently two recognised species in this genus: * '' Parachaenichthys charcoti'' ( Vaillant, 1906) * '' Parachaenichthys georgianus'' ( J. G. Fischer, 18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerlachea Australis
''Gerlachea'' is a monotypic genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Bathydraconidae, the Antarctic dragonfishes, its only species is ''Gerlachea australis''. It is found at depths of from over the Antarctic continental shelf. This species is the only known member of its genus. Taxonomy ''Gerlachea'' was first described as a genus in 1900 by the Belgian palaeontologist Louis Dollo when he was describing the only species in this monotypic genus ''Gerlachea australis'', the type of which had been collected by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition at a depth of 500 fathoms at 71°34'S, 89°10'W off Antarctica. The genus name honours the leader of the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, Adrien de Gerlache while the specific name ''australis'' means "southern" commemorating that expedition. Description ''Gerlachea australis'' has its body and cheeks covered in cycloid scales and there are no spines or hooks on the naked operculum. There are bans of small conical teeth in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acanthodraco
''Acanthodraco'' is a monotypic genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Bathydraconidae, the Antarctic dragonfishes, its only species is DeWitt’s dragonfish (''Acanthodraco dewitti''). They are found in the Southern Ocean and the southeastern Pacific Ocean. ''Acanthodraco'' was first formally described as a genus by the Polish ichthyologist in 1995 when he was describing its only species ''Acanthodraco dewitti''. The type locality of ''A. dewitti'' is the South Shetland Islands. The genus name is a compound of ''acanthus'', which means “thorn” or “spine” alluding to the higher number spines on the operculum than related genera, and ''draco'' Meaning “dragon”, a common suffix in the scientific names of notothenioid fishes. The specific name honours the American ichthyologist Hugh Hamilton DeWitt, a renowned worker on notothenioid fishes. ''Acanthodraco'' is a bathydemersal fish found at depths of at least and since the original description has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psilodraco
''Psilodraco'' is a monotypic genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Bathydraconidae, the Antarctic dragonfishes, its only species is ''Psilodraco breviceps''. These fishes are native to the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Psilodraco'' was first described as a genus in 1937 by the British ichthyologist John Roxborough Norman when he was describing the only species in this monotypic genus ''Psilodraco breviceps'', the type of which had been collected by the ''Discovery'' Expedition off South Georgia. The genus name compounds ''psilos'' which means "naked", a reference Norman did not explain but this species lacks any obvious scales, and ''draco'' meaning "dragon", a common suffix used in name notothenioids, while the specific name ''breviceps'' means "short head", this species having a shorter snout than '' Gymnodraco acuticeps''. Description ''Psilodraco'' has a naked, compressed body, the only scales being the imperforated scales that make up the five lateral ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prionodraco Evansii
''Prionodraco'' is a monotypic genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Bathydraconidae, the Antarctic dragonfishes, its only species is ''Prionodraco evansii''. These fishes are native to the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Prionodraco'' was first described as a genus in 1914 by the British ichthyologist Charles Tate Regan when he was describing the only species in this monotypic genus ''Prionodraco evansii'', the type of which had been collected by the ''Terra Nova'' Expedition in the Ross Sea and in McMurdo Sound. The genus name compounds ''prion'' which means "saw", a reference to V-shaped serrated bony plates on the flanks and ''draco'' meaning "dragon", a common suffix used in name notothenioids, while the specific name honours Edward Ratcliffe Garth Russell Evans the captain of the '' Terra Nova''. Description ''Prionodraco'' has a scaleless naked body with a quadrilateral cross-section which has scales only on the lateral lines and bony V-shaped plates ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bathydraco Antarctica
''Bathydraco'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Bathydraconidae, the Antarctic dragonfishes. They are native to the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Bathydraco'' was first described as a genus in 1878 by the German-born British ichthyologist Albert Günther as a monotypic genus with '' B. antarctica'', which had been collected on the Callenger expedition south of Heard Island, as its type species. The generic name ''Bathydraco'' is a combination of ''bathy'' meaning "deep" and ''draco'' meaning dragon, the type of ''B. antarctica'' was collected at and ''draco'' is a commonly used suffix for Notothenioids. Species There are currently five recognized species in this genus: * ''Bathydraco antarcticus'' Günther, 1878 * '' Bathydraco joannae'' H. H. DeWitt, 1985 * '' Bathydraco macrolepis'' Boulenger, 1907 * '' Bathydraco marri'' Norman Norman or Normans may refer to: Ethnic and cultural identity * The Normans, a people partly descended from Norse V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akarotaxis
''Akarotaxis'' is a monotypic genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Bathydraconidae, the Antarctic dragonfish, its only species is ''Akarotaxis nudiceps''. They are found in the Southern Ocean along the continental shelf of Antarctica. Taxonomy ''Akarotaxis'' was first described as a genus in 1980 by the American ichthyologist Hugh Hamilton DeWitt and the French ichthyologist Jean-Claude Hureau. Its only species is ''Akarotaxis nudiceps'' which was described in 1916 as ''Bathydraco nudiceps'' by the British-born Australian zoologist Edgar Ravenswood Waite with the type locality given as Queen Mary Land off the Shackleton Ice Shelf. The type was collected by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition. The generic name compounds ''akaro'' meaning "short" or "small" with "taxis" which means "line" or "row", a reference to the short upper lateral line, which comprises lees than 10 tubular scales. The specific name ''nudiceps'' means "naked head", thought to be a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Racovitzia
''Racovitzia'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Bathydraconidae, the Antarctic dragonfishes. They are found in the Southern Ocean around Antarctica. Taxonomy ''Racovitzia'' was formally described as a genus in 1900 by the Belgian palaeontologist Louis Dollo when he was describing the only species in what was then considered to be a monotypic genus, ''Racovitzia glacialis'' the type of which had been collected by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition off the Antarctic at 71°23'S, 87°32'W or 71°19'S, 87°37'W. In 1916 Edgar Ravenswood Waite described ''Aconichthys harrisoni'' which has since been determined to be the second species in the genus, however some authorities consider that ''R harrisoni'' is a junior synonym of ''R. glacialis''. The genus name honours the Romanian biologist Emil Racoviță who was the naturalist aboard the '' Belgica'' the ship which carried and supported the Belgian Antarctic Expedition. Species There are currently two rec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cygnodraco Mawsoni
Mawson's dragonfish (''Cygnodraco mawsoni'') is a species of Antarctic dragonfish native to the Southern Ocean around Antarctica. It is found at depths of from over the continental shelf. This species is the only known member of its genus. Taxonomy Mawson’s dragonfish was first formally described in 1916 by the British-born Australian ichthyologist Edgar Ravenswood Waite with the type locality given as Queen Mary Land off Drygalski Island where it was collected by the Australian Antarctic Expedition. Waite described it as the only species in a monotypic genus. The genus name is a combination of ''cygnus'' meaning “swan”, an allusion Waite did not explain but may be a reference to the somewhat duck-bill shaped snout, and ''draco'' which means “dragon”, a common suffix used In Notothenioid fishes. The specific name honours the Australian geologist Douglas Mawson who led the Australasian Antarctic Expedition. Description Mawson’s dragonfish has a slender, naked b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Notothenioidei
Notothenioidei is one of 19 suborders of the order Perciformes. The group is found mainly in Antarctic and Subantarctic waters, with some species ranging north to southern Australia and southern South America. Notothenioids constitute approximately 90% of the fish biomass in the continental shelf waters surrounding Antarctica. Evolution and geographic distribution The Southern Ocean has supported fish habitats for 400 million years; however, modern notothenioids likely appeared sometime after the Eocene epoch. This period marked the cooling of the Southern Ocean, resulting in the stable, ice-cold conditions that have persisted to the present day. Another key factor in the evolution of notothenioids is the preponderance of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), a large, slow-moving current that extends to the seafloor and precludes most migration to and from the Antarctic region. These unique environmental conditions in concert with the key evolutionary innovation of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |