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Bathyacmaea Secunda
''Bathyacmaea secunda'' is a species of very small (adults are typically about 6 mm in length), deep-sea true limpet, limpet, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pectinodontidae. This species inhabits the dark, chemosynthesis-based marine vent community, communities of ocean vents and cold seeps near Japan (e.g. the Okinawa Trough). It is distinct from other true limpets in the following ways, among others: its intestine runs through its Ventricle (heart), ventricle, it has a pair of radular "teeth" with long shafts, and its statocysts are isolated from the pleural ganglia and pedal ganglia. It also has a ctenidium (mollusc), ctenidium rather than the usual set of circumpallial gills, lacks osphradium, osphradia, and does not have even rudimentary eyes. For these reasons, along with a comparison of the development of the shell at the microscopic level, it has been argued that ''B. secunda'' is not closely related to the Patelloidea or the Neolepetopsida ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animal
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the Kingdom (biology), biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals Heterotroph, consume organic material, Cellular respiration#Aerobic respiration, breathe oxygen, are Motility, able to move, can Sexual reproduction, reproduce sexually, and go through an ontogenetic stage in which their body consists of a hollow sphere of Cell (biology), cells, the blastula, during Embryogenesis, embryonic development. Over 1.5 million Extant taxon, living animal species have been Species description, described—of which around 1 million are Insecta, insects—but it has been estimated there are over 7 million animal species in total. Animals range in length from to . They have Ecology, complex interactions with each other and their environments, forming intricate food webs. The scientific study of animals is known as zoology. Most living animal species are in Bilateria, a clade whose members have a Symmetry in biology#Bilate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radula
The radula (, ; plural radulae or radulas) is an anatomical structure used by molluscs for feeding, sometimes compared to a tongue. It is a minutely toothed, chitinous ribbon, which is typically used for scraping or cutting food before the food enters the esophagus. The radula is unique to the molluscs, and is found in every class of mollusc except the bivalves, which instead use cilia, waving filaments that bring minute organisms to the mouth. Within the gastropods, the radula is used in feeding by both herbivorous and carnivorous snails and slugs. The arrangement of teeth ( denticles) on the radular ribbon varies considerably from one group to another. In most of the more ancient lineages of gastropods, the radula is used to graze, by scraping diatoms and other microscopic algae off rock surfaces and other substrates. Predatory marine snails such as the Naticidae use the radula plus an acidic secretion to bore through the shell of other molluscs. Other predatory marine snails ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torsion (gastropod)
Torsion is a gastropod synapomorphy which occurs in all gastropods during larval development. Torsion is the rotation of the visceral mass, mantle, and shell 180˚ with respect to the head and foot of the gastropod. This rotation brings the mantle cavity and the anus to an anterior position above the head. In some groups of gastropods ( Opisthobranchia) there is a degree of secondary detorsion or rotation towards the original position; this may be only partial detorsion or full detorsion. The torsion or twisting of the visceral mass of larval gastropods is not the same thing as the spiral coiling of the shell, which is also present in many shelled gastropods. Development There are two different developmental stages which cause torsion. The first stage is caused by the development of the asymmetrical velar/foot muscle which has one end attached to the left side of the shell and the other end has fibres attached to the left side of the foot and head. At a certain point in larva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemocoel
The blood circulatory system is a organ system, system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate. It includes the cardiovascular system, or vascular system, that consists of the heart and blood vessels (from Greek ''kardia'' meaning ''heart'', and from Latin ''vascula'' meaning ''vessels''). The circulatory system has two divisions, a systemic circulation, systemic circulation or circuit, and a pulmonary circulation, pulmonary circulation or circuit. Some sources use the terms ''cardiovascular system'' and ''vascular system'' interchangeably with the ''circulatory system''. The network of blood vessels are the great vessels of the heart including large elastic arteries, and large veins; other arteries, smaller arterioles, capillaries that join with venules (small veins), and other veins. The Closed circulatory system, circulatory system is closed in vertebrates, which means that the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aorta
The aorta ( ) is the main and largest artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart and extending down to the abdomen, where it splits into two smaller arteries (the common iliac arteries). The aorta distributes oxygenated blood to all parts of the body through the systemic circulation. Structure Sections In anatomical sources, the aorta is usually divided into sections. One way of classifying a part of the aorta is by anatomical compartment, where the thoracic aorta (or thoracic portion of the aorta) runs from the heart to the diaphragm. The aorta then continues downward as the abdominal aorta (or abdominal portion of the aorta) from the diaphragm to the aortic bifurcation. Another system divides the aorta with respect to its course and the direction of blood flow. In this system, the aorta starts as the ascending aorta, travels superiorly from the heart, and then makes a hairpin turn known as the aortic arch. Following the aortic arch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ventricle (heart)
A ventricle is one of two large chambers toward the bottom of the heart that collect and expel blood towards the peripheral beds within the body and lungs. The blood pumped by a ventricle is supplied by an atrium, an adjacent chamber in the upper heart that is smaller than a ventricle. Interventricular means between the ventricles (for example the interventricular septum), while intraventricular means within one ventricle (for example an intraventricular block). In a four-chambered heart, such as that in humans, there are two ventricles that operate in a double circulatory system: the right ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary circulation to the lungs, and the left ventricle pumps blood into the systemic circulation through the aorta. Structure Ventricles have thicker walls than atria and generate higher blood pressures. The physiological load on the ventricles requiring pumping of blood throughout the body and lungs is much greater than the pressure generated by the atria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pericardium
The pericardium, also called pericardial sac, is a double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels. It has two layers, an outer layer made of strong connective tissue (fibrous pericardium), and an inner layer made of serous membrane (serous pericardium). It encloses the pericardial cavity, which contains pericardial fluid, and defines the middle mediastinum. It separates the heart from interference of other structures, protects it against infection and blunt trauma, and lubricates the heart's movements. The English name originates from the Ancient Greek prefix "''peri-''" (περί; "around") and the suffix "''-cardion''" (κάρδιον; "heart"). Anatomy The pericardium is a tough fibroelastic sac which covers the heart from all sides except at the cardiac root (where the great vessels join the heart) and the bottom (where only the serous pericardium exists to cover the upper surface of the central tendon of diaphragm). The fibrous pericardiu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bathyacmaea Secunda-en
''Bathyacmaea'' is a genus of deep-sea limpet, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pectinodontidae. Species in this genus inhabit the dark, chemosynthesis-based marine communities of ocean vents and cold seeps near Japan. Species Species within the genus ''Bathyacmaea'' include:Bouchet, P. (2013). Bathyacmaea Okutani, Tsuchida & Fujikura, 1992. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=391494 on 2013-09-26 * '' Bathyacmaea jonassoni'' Beck, 1996 * '' Bathyacmaea lactea'' S. Q. Zhang, J. L. Zhang & S. P. Zhang, 2016 * '' Bathyacmaea nipponica'' Okutani, Tsuchida & Fujikura, 1992 * ''Bathyacmaea secunda ''Bathyacmaea secunda'' is a species of very small (adults are typically about 6 mm in length), deep-sea true limpet, limpet, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pectinodontidae. This species inhabits the dark, chemosynt ...'' Okutani, Fujikura & Sasaki, 1993 * '' Bathyacmaea subnipp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acmaeidae
Acmaeidae is a family of sea snails, specifically true limpets, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Lottioidea and the subclass Patellogastropoda (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2014). Acmaeidae Forbes, 1850. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=114 on 2014-10-31 Taxonomy Listed as valid family in Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) but this classification revised following the molecular phylogeny of Nakano & Ozawa (2007). Acmaeinae, including '' Erginus'', was found to be paraphyletic. However, this synonymy was subsequently found incorrect, having been the result of contaminated samples, and ''Acmaea mitra'' and a related species, '' Niveotectura pallida'' form a well-supported clade outside of the Lottiidae Lottiidae is a family of sea snails, specifically true limpets, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Lottioidea and the cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neolepetopsidae
Neolepetopsidae is a family of small deep sea sea snails or true limpets, marine gastropod mollusks in the subclass Patellogastropoda (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). This family has no subfamilies. Etymology The name of the family Neolepetopsidae is composed of the prefix ''neo'', which means "new", and the word Lepetopsidae, which is the name of an extinct family of true limpets, from which the species within Neolepetopsidae probably evolved. Taxonomy Two Neolepetosidae species '' Eulepetopsis vitrea'' and '' Paralepetopsis floridensis'' were genetically analyzed by Harasewych & McArthur (2000),Harasewych M. G. & McArthur A. G. (2000). "A Molecular Phylogeny of the Patellogastropoda (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Eogastropoda)". ''Marine Biology'' 137(2): 183-194. http://hdl.handle.net/10088/4613 who confirmed placement of Neolepetopsidae within Acmaeoidea/Lottioidea based on analysis of partial 18S rDNA. Neolepetopsidae belongs to s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patelloidea
Patelloidea is a taxonomic superfamily of sea snails or true limpets, marine gastropod molluscs in the subclass PatellogastropodaWoRMS (2020). Patelloidea Rafinesque, 1815. Accessed at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=156481 on 2020-07-31 Genera Families within the superfamily Patelloidea include: * Nacellidae Thiele, 1891 * Patellidae Patellidae is a taxonomic family of sea snails or true limpets, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Patellogastropoda. (The superfamily Patelloidea should not be confused with the similar-sounding genus of true limpets ''Patelloida'' which ... Rafinesque, 1815 References * Bouchet, P., Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia. 47(1-2): 1-397 . {{Taxonbar, from=Q606711 Patellogastropoda Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osphradium
The osphradium is a pigmented chemosensory epithelium patch in the mantle cavity present in six of the eight extant classes of molluscs (it is absent in the scaphopoda and monoplacophora; among cephalopoda, only the nautilus has what appears to be a set of osphradia), on or adjacent to the ctenidia (gills). The main function of this organ is disputed but it is believed to be used to test incoming water for silt and possible food particles or, in some species, for sensing the presence of light. It is a popular idea among malacologists that the presence of an osphradium should be a molluscan synapomorphy. However, an osphradium is absent in monoplacophorans and scaphopods. Moreover, the differences in enervation of these patches suggest that the osphradium (as a patch enervated from the ctenidial nerve) may be different from another organ sometimes called the posterior sensory organ (PSO) with separate enervation from the lateral nerve cords. Both types of sensory organs are foun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
