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Bat-Ochiryn Eldev-Ochir
Bat-Ochiryn Eldev-Ochir ( mn, Бат-Очирын Элдэв-Очир; 1905–1937) was a prominent political figure in early years of the Mongolian People's Republic who, between 1928 and 1937, was one of three secretaries of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP). He served as the party's First Secretary from 1929 to 1930 and again for a month in 1932. As party leader, Eldev-Ochir pushed for rapid implementation of socialist policies (forced collectivization and property confiscation) during the “Leftist” period of the early 1930s, led the persecution of institutional Buddhism in Mongolia, and backed Soviet-sponsored purges of counterrevolutionary elements, particularly Buryat-Mongols, during the Lkhümbe affair in 1934-1935. He died in 1937 after being injured in a car accident. Early life and career Eldev-Ochir was born in 1905 in Zasagt Khan Province where, from 1922 to 1925, he was leader of the local cell of the Mongolian Revolu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Secretary Of The Central Committee Of The Mongolian People's Party
The General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Party ( mn, Монгол Ардын Намын Төв Хорооны Ерөнхий нарийн бичгийн дарга) is the leader of the Mongolian People's Party (previously the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party). With some exceptions, the office was synonymous with leaders of the Mongolian People's Republic The Mongolian People's Republic ( mn, Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс, БНМАУ; , ''BNMAU''; ) was a socialist state which existed from 1924 to 1992, located in the historical region of Outer Mongolia in East Asia. It w .... Throughout its history the office had three other names: Chairman, Secretary, and First Secretary. List References Mongolian People's Party Mongolian politicians Communism in Mongolia {{Mongolia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist University Of The Toilers Of The East
The Communist University of the Toilers of the East (KUTV) (russian: link=no, Коммунистический университет трудящихся Востока; also known as the Far East University) was a revolutionary training school for important communist political leaders. The school operated under the umbrella of the Communist International and was in existence from 1921 until the late 1930s. Part of the university was split into the Moscow Sun Yat-sen University. History The Communist University of the Toilers of the East (KUTV) was established in 1921 in Moscow by the Communist International (Comintern) as a technical college for communist cadres from the Soviet periphery, though it also matriculated students from the Arab world, Africa, and East and South Asia. The school officially opened on 21 October 1921. It performed a similar function to the International Lenin School, which mainly accepted students from Europe and the Americas. It was headed in it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banzarjavyn Baasanjav
Banzarjavyn Baasanjav ( mn, Банзаржавын Баасанжав; 1906–1940) was leader of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party from 1936 to 1940. Prime Minister Khorloogiin Choibalsan arranged for his arrest and subsequent execution on charges of counterrevolution in 1940 to free up the party leadership role for Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal. Career Baasanjav was born in 1906 in present-day Myangad district, Khovd Province. He joined Mongolian Revolutionary Youth League (MRYL) in 1923 and from 1927 to 1928 he was a school teacher near Ulaangom. After 1928 he devoted himself full-time to the MRYL, becoming secretary of its district committee. He joined the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) in 1930 and a year later was sent to Ulaanbaatar to be first a MPRP Central Committee instructor and then, from 1932 to 1936, Chairman of the Khovd Provincial MPRP Committee. In October 1936 he was elected member of the Presidium and Secretary of the MPRP. He was also c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khas-Ochiryn Luvsandorj
Khas-Ochiryn Luvsandorj ( mn, Хас-Очирын Лувсандорж; 1910 – November 16, 1937) was leader of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) from 1934 to 1936. He was arrested in the summer of 1937 on charges of counterrevolution and was executed the following November. Career Luvsandorj was born in 1910 in Tüsheet Khan Province (present-day Shaamar district of Selenge Province). In 1926 he started work as a scribe in the local seal (administration) office. He became Chairman of the Provincial Committee Mongolian Revolutionary Youth League in 1932, Chairman of the Selenge MPRP Committee in 1933, and Member of the Presidium and Secretary of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party in 1934. In 1936 he was sent to the Soviet Institute of Oriental Studies. He returned to Mongolia in the summer of 1937 on holiday and found himself swept up in the country's Stalinist purges The Great Purge or the Great Terror (russian: Большой террор ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorjjavyn Luvsansharav
Dorjjavyn Luvsansharav ( mn, Доржжавын Лувсаншарав; 1900 – July 30, 1941) was Secretary of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) from 1932 to 1937 and served as Chief Secretary from 1933 to 1934. A central figure during the violent Stalinist repressions in Mongolia, Luvsansharav presided over arrests, torture, and executions of over 25,000 “enemies of the revolution” between 1937 and 1939Baabar 1999, p. 362 and was instrumental in the violent purges of Prime Ministers Peljidiin Genden and Anandyn Amar. He ultimately fell victim to the purges himself, was arrested in 1939 on charges of counterrevolution and executed in Moscow in 1941.Sanders 2010, p. 426 Early life and career Luvsansharav was born in 1900 in Zasagt Khan Province (present day Ikh-Uul) district of Khövsgöl Province. At the age of 10 he was sent to Möröngiin Khuree monastery to become a lama, but fled in 1921. He joined the MPRP in 1925, first heading up a local MPRP ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josef Stalin
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet political leader who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1952) and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1941–1953). Initially governing the country as part of a collective leadership, he consolidated power to become a dictator by the 1930s. Ideologically adhering to the Leninist interpretation of Marxism, he formalised these ideas as Marxism–Leninism, while his own policies are called Stalinism. Born to a poor family in Gori in the Russian Empire (now Georgia), Stalin attended the Tbilisi Spiritual Seminary before joining the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. He edited the party's newspaper, ''Pravda'', and raised funds for Vladimir Lenin's Bolshevik faction via robberies, kidnappings and protection rac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khorloogiin Choibalsan
Khorloogiin Choibalsan ( mn, Хорлоогийн Чойбалсан, spelled ''Koroloogiin Çoibalsan'' before 1941; 8 February 1895 – 26 January 1952) was the leader of Mongolia (Mongolian People's Republic) and Marshal (general chief commander) of the Mongolian People's Army from the 1930s until his death in 1952. His rule marked the first and last time in modern Mongolian history that an individual had complete political power. Sometimes referred to as the "Stalin of Mongolia", Choibalsan oversaw purges in the late 1930s that resulted in the deaths of an estimated 30,000 to 35,000 Mongolians. Most of the victims were Buddhist clergy, intelligentsia, political dissidents, ethnic Buryats and Kazakhs, and others perceived as "enemies of the revolution." While Choibalsan's alliance with Joseph Stalin helped preserve his country's fledgling independence during the early years of the Mongolian People's Republic (MPR), it also brought Mongolia closer to the Soviet Union. Throu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsengeltiin Jigjidjav
Tsengeltiin Jigjidjav ( mn, Цэнгэлтийн Жигжиджав), (1894-May 22, 1933) was prime minister of Mongolia from 1930 to 1932. Jigjidjav was born in present-day Halzan district, in Sükhbaatar Province. He graduated from the Finance Ministry’s school of accountancy in 1924. The same year he joined the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) and was appointed accountant of the Mongolian Central Cooperative (Montsenkoop) in 1925. In 1928 he was elected chairman of the General Committee of the Mongolian Central Cooperative. Jigjidjav went on to become a member of the Presidium of the MPRP Central Committee as well as a member of the State Small Hural (Bag Hural). He was appointed prime minister on April 27, 1930. Some believe Jigjidjav was only an acting prime minister, while others consider him to have been a prime minister in full. The Mongolian government takes the latter view. 1932 armed uprising In April 1932 a group of lamas, angered by heavy-han ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1932 Armed Uprising In Mongolia
The 1932 armed uprising ( mn, 1932 оны зэвсэгт бослого, translit=1932 ony zevsegt boslogo) in Mongolia, also known as the Khuvsgul Uprising ( mn, Хөвсгөлийн бослого, translit=Khөvsgөliyn boslogo) was a popular revolt against the "left course" policies of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) as directed by Soviet Bolsheviks and Comintern agents in the People's Republic of Mongolia. Principally led by lamas, the uprisings covered the northwest part of the country and lasted from April–November 1932. Most rebels consisted of common herders but even many party members and the local bureaucrats joined the rebellion. The insurgents were spurred on by rumors of support from the Panchen Lama and the Japanese. More than 1,500 people were killed in the violenceD. Tserenbaljir, ''1932 ony zevsegt boslogo'', Ulaanbaatar 1990, p. 94f. as both insurgents and Soviet-backed Mongolian troops sent to quell the rebellion engaged in atrocities. Speci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khovd (city)
Khovd ( mn, Ховд, Howd, ), formerly known as Kobdo or Khobdo, is the capital of the Khovd Province of Mongolia. It is officially known as Jargalant sum. Geography and climate It is situated at the foot of the Mongol Altay Mountains, on the Buyant River. The Khar-Us Lake is located approximately 25 km east of Khovd and is the location of a Strictly Protected Area (Mongolian Government designation), called the Mankhan Nature Preserve. As a result of administrative reforms in 1992, Khovd was accorded the status of Jargalant sum. City area is 80 km2. Khovd has a cold desert climate (Köppen climate classification ''BWk'') with long, dry, frigid winters and short warm summers. Precipitation is minimal and very heavily concentrated in summer. History The city was established by Galdan Boshogtu Khan of Dzungaria in the 17th century on the bank of the river Khovd in what is now Erdenebüren sum. Horticulture was developed around city Khovd using the land cultiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uvs Province
Uvs (; mn, Увс аймаг, Uws aimag, ; xal, Увс әәмг, Uws äämg, ), is one of the 21 aimags (provinces) of Mongolia. It is located in the west of the country, away from the national capital Ulaanbaatar. Its capital is Ulaangom which lies above sea level. The province is named after Mongolia’s biggest lake, Uvs Lake. Geography Parts of the steppe in this province are protected as the World Heritage Site ''Ubsunur Hollow''. In the north the province borders Russia for , whilst in the east of border lies between Uvs and Zavkhan province. In the south and west it borders for each of Khovd and Bayan-Ölgii provinces for. The province occupies 4.45 percent of the national territory, totalling . Of the total area of the province, sixty percent belongs to the mountainous climatic zone, and forty percent to the Gobi semi-desert. Population Mongols and their proto-peoples have lived in the province since antiquity. Currently, 42.3% of population is Dörbet, 34. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulaangom
Ulaangom (; mn, Улаангом, ; xal, Уланһом, ) is the capital of Uvs Province in Mongolia. It is located on the slopes of the Kharkhiraa mountain, southwest from the lake Uvs Nuur shore and south from the Russian border. Description The city has a population of 30,688 (2016 census), 26,319 (2000 census), 23,000 (2006 est.), 22,300 (end of 2008 est.) or 37.8% of the total population of Uvs aimag. It is divided into two suburban areas named Chandmani () and Uliasny Khev (). A Consulate of Tuva Republic of Russia is located in Ulaangom, and a Representative Office of Uvs Province in Kyzyl, the capital of Tuva. History Ulaangom is believed to have been founded in 1686. The foundation of the Ulaangom Monastery was erected in 1871 as Dechinravjaa Monastery. Historical evidence indicates that there were grain plantations in operation in late 17th century in the area of Ulaangom. Climate Ulaangom experiences a cold arid climate (Köppen ''BWk'') with long, dry, fri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
