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Barbara Giza
Barbara Giza ( pl, Barbara Gizanka; c. 1550 – May 1589), was a mistress of King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland during 1570–72. She was a daughter of a Warsaw burgher Jan Giza, a merchant and usurer, and his wife Anna, whose origins are unknown. Barbara was a Protestant, and she is sometimes given credit for influencing the King towards religious tolerance of Protestants. Near the end of King Sigismund II Augustus' life, after the death of his wife, he expressed a desire to marry Barbara with the hope of producing an heir. However, he died before a marriage could take place. Life According to tradition, she was born in a tenement house at 5 Świętojańska Street in a Warsaw patrician family from Franconia. She had a sister who was married to Krzysztof Szawłowski. She grew up in a convent of Bernardine nuns outside Warsaw. Young Barbara was met by the royal servant, Mikołaj Mniszech. The Jewish merchant Egidius made his visits to Gizanka easier. Mniszech visited Barbara ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tadeusz Popiel - Zygmunt August I Barbara Giżanka
''Tadeusz'' is a Polish first name, derived from Thaddaeus. Tadeusz may refer to: * Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski (1895–1966), Polish military leader * Tadeusz Borowski (1922–1951), Polish writer and The Holocaust survivor * Tadeusz Boy-Żeleński (1874–1941), Polish gynaecologist, writer, poet, art critic, translator of French literary classics and journalist * Tadeusz Brzeziński (1896–1991), Polish consular official and the father of President Jimmy Carter's national security adviser, Zbigniew Brzezinski * Tadeusz Czeżowski (1889–1981), Polish philosopher and logician * Tadeusz Dołęga-Mostowicz (1898–1939), Polish journalist and author of over a dozen popular novels * Tadeusz Drzazga (born 1975), Polish weightlifter * Tadeusz Hollender (1910–1943), Polish poet, translator and humorist * Tadeusz Jordan-Rozwadowski (1866 – 1928) was a Polish military commander, diplomat, and politician, a founder of the modern Polish Republic * Tadeusz Kantor (1915–1990), P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catherine Of Austria, Queen Of Poland
Catherine of Austria ( pl, Katarzyna Habsburżanka; lt, Kotryna Habsburgaitė; 15 September 1533 – 28 February 1572) was one of the fifteen children of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary. In 1553, she married Polish King Sigismund II Augustus and became Queen consort of Poland and Grand Duchess consort of Lithuania. Their marriage was not happy and they had no children together. After a likely miscarriage in 1554 and a bout of illness in 1558, Sigismund became increasingly distant. He tried but failed to obtain a divorce from the pope. In 1565, Catherine returned to Austria and lived in Linz until her death. Sigismund died just a few months after her, bringing the male line of the Jagiellon dynasty to its end. The dynasty would continue, strictly speaking, for one more reign—that of Sigismund Augustus’ sister, Anna Jagiellonka, who was crowned with the male title of Rex Poloniae. Early life and Duchess of Mantua Catherine was one of the fifteen c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1550s Births
Year 155 ( CLV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Severus and Rufinus (or, less frequently, year 908 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 155 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Births * Cao Cao, Chinese statesman and warlord (d. 220) * Dio Cassius, Roman historian (d. c. 235) * Tertullian, Roman Christian theologian (d. c. 240) * Sun Jian, Chinese general and warlord (d. 191) Deaths * Pius I, Roman bishop * Polycarp, bishop of Smyrna (b. AD 65 AD 65 ( LXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Nerva and Vestinus (or, less frequently, year 818 ''Ab urbe condita''). ...) References {{DEFAULTSORT:155 [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
16th-century Polish Women
The 16th century begins with the Julian year 1501 ( MDI) and ends with either the Julian or the Gregorian year 1600 ( MDC) (depending on the reckoning used; the Gregorian calendar introduced a lapse of 10 days in October 1582). The 16th century is regarded by historians as the century which saw the rise of Western civilization and the Islamic gunpowder empires. The Renaissance in Italy and Europe saw the emergence of important artists, authors and scientists, and led to the foundation of important subjects which include accounting and political science. Copernicus proposed the heliocentric universe, which was met with strong resistance, and Tycho Brahe refuted the theory of celestial spheres through observational measurement of the 1572 appearance of a Milky Way supernova. These events directly challenged the long-held notion of an immutable universe supported by Ptolemy and Aristotle, and led to major revolutions in astronomy and science. Galileo Galilei became a champion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mistresses Of Sigismund II Augustus
Mistress is the feminine form of the English word "master" (''master'' + ''-ess'') and may refer to: Romance and relationships * Mistress (lover), a term for a woman who is in a sexual and romantic relationship with a man who is married to a different woman Title or form of address * Mistress (form of address), an old-fashioned term for the lady of the house * Ms., original abbreviation * Mistress (college), a female head of a college * Mistress of the Robes, the senior lady of the British Royal Household * Female schoolmaster, also called a schoolmistress or "schoolmarm" In ancient religions * Isis, Egyptian goddess known as the mistress of the house of life * Hathor, Egyptian goddess known as the mistress of the west * Nepthys, Egyptian goddess of the underworld, known as the mistress of the temple * Despoina, a Greek title for the mistress of the house, applied to various women and goddesses * Potnia theron, or mistress of the animals, a title applied by Homer to the Gre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanisław Szenic
Stanisław Szenic (13 January 1904, Pakość - 28 November 1987, Warsaw) was a Polish lawyer and writer. He graduated from the Gymnasium at Inowrocław and the Department of Law and Economics at the University of Poznan A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, t ..., before working as a judge for Poland's Foreign Ministry and Justice Ministry. From October 1944 Szenic, Bolesław Rumiński and Alfred Wiślicki prepared an operational group and he was a representative of the Economic Council of Ministers sent to acquire industrial facilities in Poznań province in 1945. At Poznan he was elected the president of the Polish Union of Western Affairs. From 1945 to 1948 he was a member of the Polish Military Mission in Berlin, at the rank of lieutenant, and was later the Head of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Preachers
The Order of Preachers ( la, Ordo Praedicatorum) abbreviated OP, also known as the Dominicans, is a Catholic mendicant order of Pontifical Right for men founded in Toulouse, France, by the Spanish priest, saint and mystic Dominic of Caleruega. It was approved by Pope Honorius III via the papal bull ''Religiosam vitam'' on 22 December 1216. Members of the order, who are referred to as ''Dominicans'', generally carry the letters ''OP'' after their names, standing for ''Ordinis Praedicatorum'', meaning ''of the Order of Preachers''. Membership in the order includes friars, nuns, active sisters, and lay or secular Dominicans (formerly known as tertiaries). More recently there has been a growing number of associates of the religious sisters who are unrelated to the tertiaries. Founded to preach the Gospel and to oppose heresy, the teaching activity of the order and its scholastic organisation placed the Preachers in the forefront of the intellectual life of the Middle Age ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volhynia
Volhynia (also spelled Volynia) ( ; uk, Воли́нь, Volyn' pl, Wołyń, russian: Волы́нь, Volýnʹ, ), is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between south-eastern Poland, south-western Belarus, and western Ukraine. The borders of the region are not clearly defined, but the territory that still carries the name is Volyn Oblast, in western Ukraine. Volhynia has changed hands numerous times throughout history and been divided among competing powers. For centuries it was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Russian annexation, all of Volhynia was part of the Pale of Settlement designated by Imperial Russia on its south-western-most border. Important cities include Lutsk, Rivne, Volodymyr, Ostroh, Ustyluh, Iziaslav, Peresopnytsia, and Novohrad-Volynskyi (Zviahel). After the annexation of Volhynia by the Russian Empire as part of the Partitions of Poland, it also included the cities of Zhytomyr, Ovruch, Korosten. The city of Zviahel was r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Knyszyn
Knyszyn ( be, Кнышин, yi, קנישין, translit=Knishin, lt, Knišinas) is a town in north-eastern Poland, northwest of Białystok. It is situated in the Podlaskie Voivodeship (since 1999), and was formerly in the Białystok Voivodeship (1975-1998). It is located within the historic region of Podlachia. History In 1358 the territory became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, soon afterwards in personal union with Poland. It was the property of Court Marshal of Lithuania Michael Glinski until confiscated and passed to the Grand Chancellor of Lithuania Mikołaj Radziwiłł in 1507. In 1569 it was re-incorporated into the Crown of the Polish Kingdom. Royal residence of King Sigismund II Augustus In 1568 Polish King Sigismund II Augustus granted Knyszyn town rights, and subsequently a town hall, public baths and a weigh house were built. Knyszyn was the favorite residence of the King, and was the Polish court's main base for hunting expeditions into the nearby virgin fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Voivodes Of Kraków
The List of voivodes of Kraków includes the positions in both Kraków Land ('' ziemia krakówska'') and Krakow Voivodeship * Skarbimir (Skarbek) * Klemens 1123-1168 * Mikołaj Gryfita ?-1202 * Marek z Brzeźnicy 1176-? 1226 * Teodor Gryfita ?-1237 * Włodzimierz of Cracow 1191-1241 * Klement of Ruszcza ?-1256 * Klemens Latoszyński 1213-1265 * Sulisław z Branic 1232-1283 * Piotr Bogoria 1240-1290 * Mikołaj Łagiewnicki 1245-1290 * Wierzbięta z Ruszczy 1246-1324 * Tomisław Mokrski 1276-1326 * Mikołaj Bogoria 1291-1346 * Andrzej 1309-1354 * Mścigniew Czelej 1298-1357 * Imram 1312-1357 * Andrzej Tęczyński 1318-1368 * Dobiesław Kurozwęcki 1306-1397 * Spytko II of Melsztyn 1351-1399 * Jan z Tarnowa przed 1349-1409 * Piotr Kmita 1348-1409 * Jan Tarnowski 1367 -1433 * Piotr Szafraniec ?-1437 * Jan Czyżowski 1373-1459 * Jan z Tęczyna między (1408- 1410) - 1470 * Jan Pilecki 1410-1476 * Dziersław Rytwiański 1414-1478 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maurycy Gottlieb - Zygmunt August I Barbara Giżanka
Maurycy is a given name. Notable people with the name include: *Jan Maurycy Pawel Cardinal Puzyna de Kosielsko (1842–1911), Polish Roman Catholic Cardinal *Maurycy Beniowski or Maurice Benyovszky (1746–1786), explorer, colonizer, writer, chess player, soldier * Maurycy Gottlieb (1856–1879), Jewish painter of Polish-speaking Galician Jews from the western part of Ukraine *Maurycy Hauke, also known as John Maurice Hauke, (1775–1830), professional soldier *Maurycy Klemens Zamoyski (1871–1939), Polish nobleman, politician, social activist, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Poland * Maurycy Mochnacki (1803–1834), Polish literary, theatre and music critic, publicist, journalist, pianist, historian and independence activist * Maurycy Orzech (1891–1943), Polish-Jewish economist, journalist, politician and a leader of the Jewish Bund in interwar Poland *Maurycy Pius Rudzki (born 1862), the first person to call himself a professor of geophysics * Maurycy Stefanowicz (born 1976), Po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Firlej
Jan Firlej (c. 1521, Dąbrowica, Lublin County – 1574, Kock) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic), and Calvinist activist. Jan became Great Marshal of the Crown in 1563 and starost of Kraków in 1572. He agreed with the candidature of Henryk Walezy for the Polish throne only on the condition that Henryk signing the Henrican articles. Voivode of Bełz, Lublin and Kraków. Around 1555 he founded a Calvinist church in Kock, and build a family residence there. References 1521 births 1574 deaths People from Lublin County[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
