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Banat Of Severin
The Banate of Severin or Banate of Szörény ( hu, Szörényi bánság; ro, Banatul Severinului; la, Banatus Zewrinensis; bg, Северинско банство, ; sr, Северинска бановина, ) was a Hungarian political, military and administrative unit with a special role in the initially anti-Bulgarian, latterly anti- Ottoman defensive system of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. It was founded by Prince Béla in 1228. Territory The Banate of Severin was a march (or a border province) of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary between the Lower Danube and the Olt River (in present-day Oltenia in Romania). A charter of grant, issued on 2 June 1247 to the Knights Hospitallers, mentioned the Olt as its eastern border. The Knights received the "Land of Severin" ''(Terra de Zeurino)'', along with the nearby mountains, from Béla IV of Hungary. The king had described the same region as a "deserted and depopulated" land in a letter to Pope Gregory IX on 7 June 1238. Moder ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ban (title)
Ban () was a noble title used in several states in Central and Southeastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century. The most common examples have been found in Croatia. Sources The first known mention of the title ''ban'' is in the 10th century by Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus, in the work '' De Administrando Imperio'', in the 30th and 31st chapter "Story of the province of Dalmatia" and "Of the Croats and of the country they now dwell in", dedicated to the Croats and the Croatian organisation of their medieval state. In the 30th chapter, describing in Byzantine Greek, how the Croatian state was divided into eleven (; župas), the ban (), (rules over) (Krbava), ( Lika) (and) (Gacka). In the 31st chapter, describing the military and naval force of Croatia, " Miroslav, who ruled for four years, was killed by the () (, i.e. Pribina)", and after that followed a temporary decrease in the military force of the Croatian Kingdom. In 1029, a Latin charter was publ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farcaș
Farcaș, also Farkas, Farkaș or Farcas, was a ''cneaz'' (local chieftain or ruler) mentioned in the Diploma of the Joannites issued by king Béla IV of Hungary (1235–1270) on 2 July 1247; the diploma granted territories to the Knights Hospitaller in the Banate of Severin and ''Cumania''. Farcaş held a '' kenazate'' which was given to the knights by the king. His ''kenazate'' lay in the northeast of modern Oltenia (in Romania). The diploma of Béla IV also refers to the ''kenazate''s of John and ''voivode'' Litovoi and to ''voivode'' Seneslau. Seneslau and Litovoi are expressly said to be Vlachs ''(Olati)'' in the king's diploma. Farcaş ''(Farkas)'' is a typical Hungarian name meaning ‘wolf’. The Romanian historian Ioan Aurel Pop suggests that his name is mentioned in Hungarian translation in the diploma, and Farcaş's ''kenazate'' was one of the incipient Romanian states south of the Carpathian Mountains. According to the Hungarian historian István Vásáry, Farcaş ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siret (river)
The Siret or Sireth ( uk, Сірет or Серет, ro, Siret , hu, Szeret, russian: Сирет) is a river that rises from the Carpathians in the Northern Bukovina region of Ukraine, and flows southward into Romania before it joins the Danube. It is long,Planul de management al spațiului hidrografic Siret Administrația Națională Apele Române of which in Romania, and its basin area is , of which in Romania. Its average discharge is . [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Carpathians
The Southern Carpathians (also known as the Transylvanian Alps; ro, Carpații Meridionali ; hu, Déli-Kárpátok) are a group of mountain ranges located in southern Romania. They cover the part of the Carpathian Mountains located between the Prahova River in the east and the Timiș and Cerna Rivers in the west. To the south they are bounded by the Balkan mountain range in eastern Serbia. Heights The Southern Carpathians are the second highest group of mountains in the Carpathian Mountain range (after Tatra), reaching heights of over 2,500 meters. Although considerably smaller than the Alps, they are classified as having an alpine landscape. Their high mountain character, combined with great accessibility, makes them popular with tourists and scientists. The highest peaks are: * Moldoveanu Peak, 2,544 metres – Făgăraș Mountains * Negoiu, 2,535 metres – Făgăraș Mountains * Parângu Mare, 2,519 metres – Parâng Mountains * Omu Peak 2,514 metres – Bucegi Mounta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerna (Danube)
The Cerna ( hu, Cserna) is a river in Romania, a left tributary of the river Danube. The Cerna has its source on the south-east side of the Godeanu Mountains and flows into the Danube near the town Orșova. e-calauza.ro The upper reach of the river is sometimes called Cernișoara. With a length of and its basin of , it carves an erosive tectonic valley with numerous gorges, quite deep sometimes. There is a man-made lake on it (Tierna), just before it crosses the spa, to perpetuate the old toponimic od Dierna. The upper course of the Cerna is part of the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaloyan Of Bulgaria
Kaloyan or Kalojan, also known as Ioannitsa or Johannitsa ( bg, Калоян, Йоаница; 1170 – October 1207), was emperor or tsar of Bulgaria from 1196 to 1207. He was the younger brother of Theodor and Asen, who led the anti-Byzantine uprising of the Bulgarians and Vlachs in 1185. The uprising ended with the restoration of Bulgaria as an independent state. He spent a few years as a hostage in Constantinople in the late 1180s. Theodor, crowned Emperor Peter II, made him his co-ruler after Asen was murdered in 1196. A year later, Peter was also murdered, and Kaloyan became the sole ruler of Bulgaria. To obtain an imperial title from the Holy See, Kaloyan entered into correspondence with Pope Innocent III, offering to acknowledge papal primacy. His expansionist policy brought him into conflict with the Byzantine Empire, Hungary, and Serbia. In 1204, King Emeric of Hungary allowed the papal legate who was to deliver a royal crown to Kaloyan to enter Bulgaria only at th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timiș River
Timiș may refer to: *Timiș County, a county in western Romania *Timiș (river), a river in western Romania and Serbia *Ținutul Timiș, a former administrative unit of Romania *Temes County, a former administrative county (comitatus) in the historic Kingdom of Hungary *Timiș-Torontal County, a former county in the historic Kingdom of Romania *Timiș-Cerna Gap, a mountain pass in south-western Romania *Slatina-Timiș, a commune in Caraș-Severin County, Romania *Timiș (Olt), a tributary of the Olt River in central Romania *Canalul Timiș, a canal linking the Timiș and the Ghimbășel rivers in Romania * Frank Timiș (born 1965), Romanian-Australian businessman living in London *Timiș 2, a series of tramcars built by the Timișoara Transport and Tram Carriage Construction Company See also *Timișoara, a city in western Romania, in Timiș County *Timișu de Jos Predeal (; hu, Predeál) is a town in Brașov County, Transylvania, Romania. Predeal, a mountain resort town, is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanian District
A Romanian district ( la, districtus Valachorum) was an autonomous administrative unit of the Vlachs (or Romanians) in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. Origins According to scholars who say that the Romanians (or Vlachs) descended from the inhabitants of the Roman province of "Dacia Traiana", the Romanians' territorial organization can be traced back to Roman patterns. Their cohabitation with the Slavs, who settled in the region during the Early Middle Ages, also influenced the Romanians' local administration, as it is demonstrated by the title '' knez'' of the Romanians' leaders. However, no firm territorial structures developed before the Kingdom of Hungary incorporated Crișana, Banat, Transylvania and other regions inhabited by the Romanians. The territorial units of the Romanians were mentioned as ''terrae'' ("lands"), ''kneziatus'' ("a territory under a knez's rule"), ''provinciae'', ''sedes'' ("seats") in medieval royal charters, but most commonly as ''districtus Valach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orșova
Orșova (; german: Orschowa, hu, Orsova, sr, Оршава/Oršava, bg, Орсово, pl, Orszawa, cs, Oršava, tr, Adakale) is a port city on the Danube river in southwestern Romania's Mehedinți County. It is one of four localities in the county located in the Banat historical region. It is situated just above the Iron Gates, on the spot where the Cerna River meets the Danube. Demographics At the 2011 census, 95.2% of inhabitants were Romanians, 1.3% Czechs, 1% Roma, 0.9% Germans, 0.7% Serbs and 0.5% Hungarians. History * The locality was the site of a Roman port in Dacia Malvensis, and the site of a ''castrum'' named ''Dierna''. * In 1925, a confusion by the scholar Nándor Fettich misplaced the important Magyar burial site discovered at Cheglevici into the Orșova region. Later, the location of that discovery, testifying to the presence of the Magyars since the early 10th century, was clarified for the archeological community. * King Ladislaus I of Hungary decis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mehadia
Mehadia ( hu, Mehádia; german: Mehadia; tr, Mehadiye) is a small market town and commune in Caraș-Severin County, Banat, Romania. It lies on the European route E70, in the Cerna River valley. The town is located on the site of the ancient Roman colony Ad Mediam and was noted for its Hercules baths. It had a population of 2,492 in 1900, and of 4,118 in 2011. The commune is prone to major recurring flooding. The 1838 floods destroyed some 2,000 houses in the valley and the 1841 floods in Mehadia were also devastating. It experienced major flooding more recently in May 2005. The commune is composed of four villages: Globurău (''Golbor''), Mehadia, Plugova (''Ekés''), and Valea Bolvașnița (''Bolvásvölgy''). Etymology The Romanian historian, Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol, stated that the name of the town had been derived from the ancient Roman name ''Ad Mediam''. Linguist Cicerone Poghirc proposed that the Romans had adopted a hypotethical (non-attested) native ''*Mehedia'' or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drobeta-Turnu Severin
Drobeta-Turnu Severin (), colloquially Severin, is a city in Mehedinți County, Oltenia, Romania, on the northern bank of the Danube, close to the Iron Gates. "Drobeta" is the name of the ancient Dacian and Roman towns at the site, and the modern town of Turnu Severin received the additional name of Drobeta during Nicolae Ceaușescu's national-communist dictatorship as part of his myth-making efforts. The city administers three villages: Dudașu Schelei, Gura Văii, and Schela Cladovei. The city's population is 92,617 (2011), up from 18,628 in 1900. Etymology Drobeta Drobeta was a Dacian town.Drobeta–Turnu Severin at britannica.com, accessed 2021-10-14. The Roman castrum built by Emperor Trajan at the site preserved the Dacian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seneslau
Seneslau, also Seneslav or Stănislau, was a Vlach ''voivode'' mentioned in the Diploma of the Joannites issued by king Béla IV of Hungary (1235–1270) on 2 July 1247. The diploma granted territories to the Knights Hospitaller in the Banate of Severin and ''Cumania''. According to the diploma, the king gave the territories east of the Olt River to the knights, with the exception of the territory of ''voivode'' Seneslau. The name of Seneslav is of Slavic origin. Seneslau held central and southern Muntenia (''i.e.'', the territories along the rivers Argeş and Dâmboviţa). The Romanian historian Ioan Aurel Pop suggests that Seneslau was quasi independent of the king of Hungary. According to the Hungarian historian István Vásáry, his title ''(voivode)'' suggests that he had a territorial unit under his jurisdiction. The diploma of Béla IV also refers to the '' kenazate''s of John, Farcaş and ''voivode'' Litovoi. Although the names of Seneslau and Litovoi are of Slavic ori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
