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Balc
Balc ( hu, Balk) was, according to many historians (''e.g.'', Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol, Ştefan Pascu), the third ''voivode'' of Moldavia, ruling in ca. 1359 or 1364, but the sequence of the ''voivode''s listed in the Slavo-Romanian chronicles does not refer to him. He was the son of Sas, the second ''voivode'' of Moldavia. Although Balc was the legitimate pretender to the throne, Bogdan, who had been ''voivode'' in Maramureș, crossed the Carpathian Mountains into Moldavia possibly immediately after the death of Sas, before Balc was able to consolidate his reign. In Moldavia, Bogdan joined local forces opposed to the Hungarian monarchy. Balc fought valiantly at the head of his men, but he was severely wounded and lost several members of his family and retinue. Following his defeat, Balc fled Moldavia for Hungary. According to a diploma issued on February 2, 1365, King Louis I of Hungary (1342–1382) gave Cuhea and other possessions in Maramureș to Balc and his brothers fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voivodeship Of Maramureș
The Voivodeship of Maramureș ( ro, Voievodatul Maramureșului, or ), was a Romanian voivodeship centered in the region of the same name. It was the most powerful Romanian entity in or around Transylvania during its time. The Voivodeship of Maramureș was established in 1343. It was ultimately disestablished around 1402 and supplanted with Máramaros County. The Voivodeship of Maramureș was subdivided into the keneziates of Bârjava, Bogdăneștilor (at the valley of the Tisza and Vișeu rivers), Câmpulung, Cosău, Mara, Talabor and Varalia. Two noblemen from the voivodeship, Dragoș and Bogdan were crucial in the founding of the Principality of Moldavia and overthrowing Hungarian rule east of the Carpathians, respectively. Background Maramureș, a mountainous region west of the Carpathian Mountains, had likely been included in the Kingdom of Hungary from an early date, even if only as part of the Gyepűelve, a sparsely populated no man's land, which could take multiple ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sas Of Moldavia
Sas was, according to the Slavo-Romanian chronicles, the second ''voivode'' of Moldavia (''c.'' 1353/1360 – ''c.'' 1357/1364). He followed his father Dragoş who had been sent to Moldavia as a representative of king Louis I of Hungary to establish a line of defense against the Golden Horde. All chronicles show that he reigned four years. According to the sequence of the ''voivode''s listed in the Slavo-Romanian chronicles, he was followed by Bogdan (who would become the first independent ruler of Moldavia), but several historians (''e.g.'', Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol, Ştefan Pascu) consider Balc as his successor. Victor Spinei thinks that Bogdan came to Moldavia immediately after the death of Sas, before Balc was able to consolidate his reign. The Drágfi of Béltek family, whose estates would encompass over a hundred villages in the Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bogdan I Of Moldavia
Bogdan I, or Bogdan the Founder ( ro, Bogdan Întemeietorul), was the first independent ruler, or voivode, of Moldavia in the 1360s. He had initially been the voivode, or head, of the Vlachs in the Voivodeship of Maramureș in the Kingdom of Hungary. However, when the first certain record was made of him in 1343, he was mentioned as a former voivode who had become disloyal to Louis I of Hungary. He invaded the domains of a Vlach landowner who remained loyal to the king in 1349. Four years later, he was again mentioned as voivode in a charter, which was the last record of his presence in Maramureș. Bogdan and his retainers left Maramureș for Moldavia between 1359 and 1365. Moldavia had been under the rule of Sas of Moldavia, a vassal of Louis I of Hungary, but the local Vlachs were opposed to the Hungarian suzerainty. Bogdan expelled Sas's son, Balc, by force and seized the throne. In retaliation, Louis I confiscated Bogdan's estates in Maramureș in 1365. Bogdan reigned as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Count Of The Székelys
The Count of the Székelys ( hu, székelyispán, la, comes Sicolorum) was the leader of the Hungarian-speaking Székelys in Transylvania, in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. First mentioned in royal charters of the 13th century, the counts were the highest-ranking royal officials in Székely Land. From around 1320 to the second half of the 15th century, the counts' jurisdiction included four Transylvanian Saxon districts, in addition to the seven Székely seats (or administrative units). The counts also held important castles outside the territories under their administration, including their seat at Görgény (now Gurghiu in Romania). They were the supreme commanders of the Székely troops; their military campaigns against Bulgaria and the Golden Horde were mentioned in royal charters and medieval chronicles. The counts presided over the general assemblies of both the individual Székely seats and the entire Székely community. They also heard appeals of the decisions of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voivode Of Moldavia
This is a list of rulers of Moldavia, from the first mention of the medieval polity east of the Carpathians and until its disestablishment in 1862, when it united with Wallachia, the other Danubian Principality, to form the modern-day state of Romania. Notes Dynastic rule is hard to ascribe, given the loose traditional definition of the ruling family (on principle, princes were chosen from any branch, including a previous ruler's bastard sons – being defined as ''os de domn'' – "of domn marrow", or as having ''hereghie'' – "heredity" (from the Latin ''hereditas''); the institutions charged with the election, dominated by the boyars, had fluctuating degrees of influence). The system itself was challenged by usurpers, and became obsolete with the Phanariote epoch, when rulers were appointed by the Ottoman Sultans. Between 1821 and 1862, various systems combining election and appointment were put in practice. Moldavian rulers, like Wallachian and other Eastern European rule ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Dragoș
The House of Dragoș, also known as the House of Drăgoșești ( hu, Drágfy, Drágffy, Drágffi, Drágfi), was founded by Dragoș (also known as ''Dragoș Vodă''Brezianu, Andrei and Spânu, Vlad (2007) "Dragoş Vodă (?–ca. 1353)" ''Historical Dictionary of Moldova'' (2nd ed.) Scarecrow Press, Lanham, Maryland, USA, pages 124-125, or ''Dragoș of Bedeu''), who was traditionally considered the first ruler or prince of Moldavia and who was ''Voivode#Moldavia and Wallachia, Voivode'' in Voivodeship of Maramureș, Maramureș.Ro: http://www.probasarabiasibucovina.ro/Carti/IstoriaMaramuresului.pdf Notable members *Dragoș, Voivode of Moldavia *Sas of Moldavia *Giula of Giulești *Balc of Moldavia *Drág, Count of the Székelys *Bartolomeu Dragfi (Bertalan Drágffy) *John Drágfi *Gáspár Drágffy (1506-1545), főispán of Kraszna (comitat), Közép-Szolnok. *Anna Drágffy (1522-1527), spouse of Kristóf Frankopan, Frangepán / Frankopan (†1527), Ban (title), Ban of Croatia in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rulers Of Moldavia
This is a list of rulers of Moldavia, from the first mention of the medieval polity east of the Carpathians and until its disestablishment in 1862, when it united with Wallachia, the other Danubian Principality, to form the modern-day state of Romania. Notes Dynastic rule is hard to ascribe, given the loose traditional definition of the ruling family (on principle, princes were chosen from any branch, including a previous ruler's bastard sons – being defined as ''os de domn'' – "of domn marrow", or as having ''hereghie'' – "heredity" (from the Latin ''hereditas''); the institutions charged with the election, dominated by the boyars, had fluctuating degrees of influence). The system itself was challenged by usurpers, and became obsolete with the Phanariote epoch, when rulers were appointed by the Ottoman Sultans. Between 1821 and 1862, various systems combining election and appointment were put in practice. Moldavian rulers, like Wallachian and other Eastern European rule ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carpathian Mountains
The Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians () are a range of mountains forming an arc across Central Europe. Roughly long, it is the third-longest European mountain range after the Urals at and the Scandinavian Mountains at . The range stretches from the far eastern Czech Republic (3%) and Austria (1%) in the northwest through Slovakia (21%), Poland (10%), Ukraine (10%), Romania (50%) to Serbia (5%) in the south. "The Carpathians" European Travel Commission, in The Official Travel Portal of Europe, Retrieved 15 November 2016 The Carpathian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Máramaros County
Máramaros County (german: Komitat Maramuresch; hu, Máramaros vármegye; la, Comitatus Maramarosiensis; ro, Comitatul Maramureș; rue, Комітат Марамарош; uk, Kомітат Мармарош; ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in north-western Romania and western Ukraine. The capital of the county was Máramarossziget (present-day Sighetu Marmației). Geography Máramaros county shared borders with the Austrian crownlands Galicia (now in Poland and Ukraine) and Bukovina (now in Romania and Ukraine) and the Hungarian counties Bereg, Ugocsa, Szatmár, Szolnok-Doboka and Beszterce-Naszód. It was situated on both sides of the river Tisza, and in the Carpathian mountains. Its area was 9,716 km2 around 1910. History The first mention of the region in the written sources is from 1199 ("''cum in Maramorisio tempore venationis venatum ivissemus''"). In the 13th century, it was almost uninhabited or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanians In Hungary
hu, Magyarországi románok , flag = , flag_caption = , image = , image_caption = , population = 35,641 , genealogy = , regions = , region1 = , pop1 = 6,189 , ref1 = , region2 = , pop2 = 5,137 , ref2 = , region3 = , pop3 = 4,000 , ref3 = , region4 = , pop4 = 2,000 , ref4 = , region5 = , pop5 = 1,500 , ref5 = , region6 = , pop6 = 500 , ref6 = , region7 = , pop7 = 500 , ref7 = , languages = Hungarian, Romanian , religions = Romanian Orthodox Church, Roman Catholicism, Lutheranism , related_groups = Romanians , footnotes = The Romanians in Hungary ( ro, Românii din Ungaria, hu, Magyarországi románok) constituted a small minority. According to the most recent Hungarian census of 2011 (based on self-determination), the population of Romanians was 35,641 or 0.3%, a significant increase from 8,482 or 0.1% of 2001. The community is concentrated in towns and villages close to the Romania ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counts Of The Székelys
Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1992. p. 73. . The etymologically related English term "county" denoted the territories associated with the countship. Definition The word ''count'' came into English from the French ''comte'', itself from Latin ''comes''—in its accusative ''comitem''—meaning “companion”, and later “companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor”. The adjective form of the word is "comital". The British and Irish equivalent is an earl (whose wife is a "countess", for lack of an English term). In the late Roman Empire, the Latin title ''comes'' denoted the high rank of various courtiers and provincial officials, either military or administrative: before Anthemius became emperor in the West in 467, he was a military ''comes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
14th-century Hungarian People
As a means of recording the passage of time, the 14th century was a century lasting from 1 January 1301 ( MCCCI), to 31 December 1400 ( MCD). It is estimated that the century witnessed the death of more than 45 million lives from political and natural disasters in both Europe and the Mongol Empire. West Africa experienced economic growth and prosperity. In Europe, the Black Death claimed 25 million lives wiping out one third of the European population while the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France fought in the protracted Hundred Years' War after the death of Charles IV, King of France led to a claim to the French throne by Edward III, King of England. This period is considered the height of chivalry and marks the beginning of strong separate identities for both England and France as well as the foundation of the Italian Renaissance and Ottoman Empire. In Asia, Tamerlane (Timur), established the Timurid Empire, history's third largest empire to have been ever establish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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