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Baladna
''Baladna'' ( ar, بلدنا, lit=Our Country) is a privately owned, government-aligned Arabic daily newspaper published in Syria. The paper has also an English edition which was launched in December 2009 but later shut down. History and profile The owner and publisher of ''Baladna'' is the United Group for Publishing Advertising and Marketing, United Group for Publishing, Advertising and Marketing, the Syrian media conglomerate seen as the media arm of the Assad regime in various Arab countries owned by sons of former intelligence chief Major General Bahjat Suleiman (Majd Bahjat Suleiman and Haidara Suleiman) and Muhammad Bashar Kiwan. Haidara Bahjat Suleiman serves as the editor in chief. In October 2009, ''Baladna'' launched and English edition with a UK-educated chief editor. Since English is not understood by a wide audience in Syria, the aim was to transmit a positive image of Syria to foreign observers and diplomats. The English edition was subsequently shut down. ''Bala ...
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United Group For Publishing Advertising And Marketing
United Group for Publishing Advertising and Marketing (UG) ( ar, المجموعة المتحدة للنشر والدعاية والتسويق) also known as ''United Group (Syria)'' or ''United Group (UG)'', is the largest private sector media group in the Syria. Overview Regarded as the media arm of the Assad regime in various Arab countries, United Group (UG) publishes the government-aligned ''Baladna'' newspaper in Syria, and published the defunct ''Al-Balad'' newspaper in Lebanon, Kuwait, and the Comoros. ''Baladna'' is one of two private daily newspapers covering political topics that have succeeded in staying open after the Syrian civil war, due to close ties to the Syrian government. Ownership The company is publicly listed on the Damascus Securities Exchange and majority owned by Majid Bahjat Suleiman, Bachar Kiwan Muhammad Bashar Kiwan (; born November 30, 1966), known as ''Bachar Kiwan'', is a Syrian-French convicted felon, fraudster and international fugitive ...
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Al-Balad (newspaper)
''Al-Balad'' ( ar, البلد, lit=The Country) officially ''Sada Al-Balad'' ( ar, صدى البلد, lit=The Echo of the Country) was an Arabic-language daily newspaper in Lebanon. It was headquartered in Beirut and was published as a tabloid commercial paper. History ''Al Balad'' was first published on 15 December 2003, offering a myriad of prizes to lure subscribers "in exchange for largely insipid centrist news and popular society pages." The first editor-in-chief was Béchara Charbel, a former graphic designer. The first CEO was Bachar Kiwan, one of the owners of the newspaper. The paper had a liberal-centrist stance. In 2004, the newspaper started charging a subscription fee. Soon after, a series of crises (United Nations Security Council Resolution 1559 and the assassination of Rafic Hariri) left Lebanese citizens thirsting for political and security-related news which ''Al Balad'' hadn't provided, which led to the newspaper dismissing its staff and shutting down in 2005. ...
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Majd Bahjat Suleiman
Majd Bahjat Suleiman ( ar, مجد بهجت سليمان, born 28 October 1974), also known as ''Majd Suleiman'' or ''Majid Suleiman'', is a Dubai-based Syrian businessman and son of the former Syrian ambassador to Jordan and intelligence chief Bahjat Suleiman. He is the owner of Syria's largest media conglomerate, United Group (UG) which also operates under the trade name AWI Company and is affiliated with Al Waseet International. Background Majd Suleiman is the son of former Syrian ambassador to Jordan and head of the internal branch of the Syrian General Intelligence Directorate (GID) Bahjat Suleiman, and was identified by the United States Congressional Research Service as a "Key member of the Asad Family & Other Elites". His media conglomerate, United Group, owns and publishes ''Baladna'', one of two private daily newspapers covering political topics that have succeeded in staying open after the Syrian civil war, due to close ties to the Syrian government. His younger bro ...
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Bahjat Suleiman
Bahjat Suleiman ( ar, بهجت سليمان; 194925 February 2021), also known as Bahjat Sulayman, was a Syrian Ambassador to Jordan and head of the internal branch of the Syrian General Intelligence Directorate (GID), also known as Branch 251, in Syria. He was instrumental in the accession of Syrian President Bashar Al-Assad to the presidency and was considered to be his confidant and mentor, and in his "inner circle." Early life and education Bahjat Suleiman was born in the city of Lattakia, a graduate of the Homs Military Academy, with a BA in military sciences from the 1968/1970 class. He holds a master's degree in command and staff from the Syrian Command and Staff College. He holds a Ph.D. in Political Economy from Romania. Early experience He was a company commander, battalion, regiment, and tank brigade in the Defense Companies, the paramilitary force in Syria that was commanded by Rifaat al-Assad, and then in the Syrian Arab Army. While in the Defense Companies ...
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Muhammad Bashar Kiwan
Muhammad Bashar Kiwan (; born November 30, 1966), known as ''Bachar Kiwan'', is a Syrian-French convicted felon, fraudster and international fugitive. He is sought by the authorities in the Comoros Islands for criminal convictions relating to money laundering, fraud, and embezzlement in connection with the Comoros passport sales scandal and in Kuwait for criminal convictions relating to various white collar crimes including criminal fraud, forgery and bribery. He is a former businessman, having founded and invested in companies in the media and advertising industry operating in the Arab world, including Al-Waseet International Company. He previously held the positions of chairman of the Syrian Business Council in Kuwait, Honorary Consul of Comoros for Kuwait, and was a member of the Syrian-Iranian Business Council. Early life and education Muhammad Bashar Kiwan was born in 1966 to Syrian parents and grew up in Kuwait. He received a master's degree in economics from the Universi ...
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Publications With Year Of Establishment Missing
To publish is to make content available to the general public.Berne Convention, article 3(3)
URL last accessed 2010-05-10.
Universal Copyright Convention, Geneva text (1952), article VI
. URL last accessed 2010-05-10.
While specific use of the term may vary among countries, it is usually applied to text, images, or other audio-visual content, including paper (

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Arabic-language Newspapers
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston, 2011. Having emerged in the 1st century, it is named after the Arab people; the term "Arab" was initially used to describe those living in the Arabian Peninsula, as perceived by geographers from ancient Greece. Since the 7th century, Arabic has been characterized by diglossia, with an opposition between a standard prestige language—i.e., Literary Arabic: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Classical Arabic—and diverse vernacular varieties, which serve as mother tongues. Colloquial dialects vary significantly from MSA, impeding mutual intelligibility. MSA is only acquired through formal education and is not spoken natively. It is the language of literature, official documents, and formal written med ...
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General Intelligence Directorate (Syria)
The General Intelligence Directorate ( ar, إِدَارَةُ الْمُخَابَرَاتِ الْعَامَّةِ, ''ʾIdārat al-Mukhābarāt al-ʿAmmāh''), also known as the ''General Security Directorate'' or ''Syrian GID'', is the most important civil intelligence service of Syria and plays an important role in quelling internal dissent. The General Intelligence Directorate conducts surveillance of the Syrian population, directs foreign intelligence, and monitors activities in Lebanon. Organization The General Intelligence Directorate is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Interior. It is divided into three branches: * Internal Security Division (Branch 251) *External Security Division *Palestinian Affairs Division The internal security division is responsible for the internal surveillance of the population. The external security division is responsible for foreign intelligence work. And, the Palestinian division is responsible for monitoring the activities of ...
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Government Of Syria
Government of the Syrian Arab Republic is the union government created by the constitution of Syria where by the President of Syria, president is the head of state and the Prime Minister of Syria, prime minister is the head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Syria has a People's Assembly of Syria, legislative council with 250 members. The country has been in a Syrian civil war, civil war since 2011 against various domestic and foreign forces that oppose both the Syrian government and each other, in varying combinations. The seat of the government is located in Damascus, Syria. Administration The executive branch consists of the president, two Vice President of Syria, vice presidents, the prime minister, and the Council of Ministers of Syria, Council of Ministers (cabinet). The constitution requires the president to be a Muslim. , List of heads of state of Syria, President , Bashar al-Assad , Ba'ath Party (Syrian-led faction), Ba'ath Party , 17 July 2 ...
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Daily Newspaper
A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background. Newspapers can cover a wide variety of fields such as politics, business, sports and art, and often include materials such as opinion columns, weather forecasts, reviews of local services, obituaries, birth notices, crosswords, editorial cartoons, comic strips, and advice columns. Most newspapers are businesses, and they pay their expenses with a mixture of subscription revenue, newsstand sales, and advertising revenue. The journalism organizations that publish newspapers are themselves often metonymically called newspapers. Newspapers have traditionally been published in print (usually on cheap, low-grade paper called newsprint). However, today most newspapers are also published on websites as online newspapers, and some have even abandoned their print versions entirely. Newspapers developed in the 17th century ...
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Assad Regime
Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant. It is a unitary republic that consists of 14 governorates (subdivisions), and is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east and southeast, Jordan to the south, and Israel and Lebanon to the southwest. Cyprus lies to the west across the Mediterranean Sea. A country of fertile plains, high mountains, and deserts, Syria is home to diverse ethnic and religious groups, including the majority Syrian Arabs, Kurds, Turkmens, Assyrians, Armenians, Circassians, Albanians, and Greeks. Religious groups include Muslims, Christians, Alawites, Druze, and Yazidis. The capital and largest city of Syria is Damascus. Arabs are the largest ethnic group, and M ...
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