Bahumono People
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Bahumono People
The Bahumono (Ehumono, Kohumono) people are the ethnic group in Nigeria located primarily in the Abi local government area of Cross River State. They are the largest ethnic group in the region. They speak the Kohumono language. History The Ehumono live along the Cross River and are known to have migrated from Hotumusa around the region of a rock called Ekpon á Rara, which they claim to be their spiritual and ancestral home. The tribe consists of eight villages namely; Ebijakara (Ebriba), Ebom, Ediba, Usumutong, Anong, Igonigoni, Afafanyi, and Abeugo. They are closely related to the Efik, Waawa , Yakurr , Akunakuna, Ekoi people and Annang people. The Bahumono people during the pre colonial period were adamant to accept the laws of the British administration. They and other upper Cross River tribes foiled the Cross River expedition of 1895, 1896 and 1898 leading to the massacre of several British personnel. They were once part of the Aro Confederacy. Culture and traditi ...
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Abi, Cross River
Abi is a Local Government Area in Cross River State, Nigeria. It contains several Igbo and Bahumono villages and is home to an annual cultural festival. Geography Abi is situated along the Cross River and it is bounded to the west by Ebonyi State, to the south by Biase local government and to the east by Yakurr local government. Subdivisions Communes of Abi include: * Ebijakara * Ediba * Usumutong History and background Most people from Abi come from the Bahumono tribe or Agbo subgroup of Igbo. Bahumono One of the largest tribes within Abi Local Government is Bahumono, which includes eight villages: Anong, Ediba, Usumutong, Abeugo, Afafanyi, Igonigoni, Ebom, and Ebijakara(Ebriba). There are linguistic differences among the Bahumono people with the major variant being the Kohumono language. They are all historically known to have migrated from a place within the hills of Ruhura (ekpon a ruhura) called Hotumusa (old town) which lies in a region between the present ...
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Ebijakara
Ebijakara is a commune in Abi local government area of Cross River State, Nigeria Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf o .... History Ebijakara is one of the original seven village which form the Bahumono nation and they migrated from Hotumusa along with other Bahumono communities. Communal war There have been a series of communal wars and conflicts in the area between them and the neighboring Ebom community. References Villages in Cross River State {{CrossRiverNG-geo-stub ...
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Fufu
Fufu (or fufuo, foofoo, foufou ) is a dough-like food found in West African cuisine. In addition to Ghana, it is also found in Sierra Leone, Guinea, Liberia, Cote D'Ivoire, Benin, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of Congo, the Central African Republic, the Republic of Congo, Angola and Gabon. It is often made in the traditional Ghanaian, Ivorian, Liberian, and Cuban method of separately mixing and pounding equal portions of boiled cassava with green plantain or cocoyam, or by mixing cassava/plantains or cocoyam flour with water and stirring it on a stove. Its thickness is then adjusted to personal preference, and it is eaten with broth-like soups. Some countries, particularly the Igbo tribe in Nigeria, have a version of fufu (Akpu) made from fermented cassava dough that is eaten with thick textured stews. Other flours, such as semolina, maize flour, or mashed plantains, may take the place of cassava flour. FuFu is traditionally eaten with the fingers, and a smal ...
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Ekpe
Ekpe, also known as Mgbe/Egbo (Ekoi language: ''leopard''; derived from the Ibibio term for the same), is a West African secret society in Nigeria and Cameroon flourishing chiefly among the Efiks. It is also found among a number of other ethnic groups, including the Bahumono of the Cross River State, the Ibibio, the Uruan and the Oron of Akwa Ibom State, Arochukwu and some other parts of Abia State, as well as in the diaspora, such as in Cuba and Brazil. The society is still active at the beginning of the 21st century, now playing more of a ceremonial role. There are two distinct but related societies. The primary society is located in the Cross River, Akwa Ibom and Arochukwu areas of Nigeria, and the secondary society consists of members from the Southern and Eastern Igbo groups of the same country. Ekpe ''Ekpe'' is a mysterious spirit who is supposed to live in the jungle and to preside at the ceremonies of the society. Members of the Ekpe society are said to act as ...
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Aro Confederacy
The Aro Confederacy (1690–1902) was a political union orchestrated by the Aro people, Igbo subgroup, centered in Arochukwu in present-day southeastern Nigeria. Their influence and presence was all over Eastern Nigeria, lower Middle Belt, and parts of present-day Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea during the 18th and 19th centuries. The Arochukwu Kingdom was an economic, political, and an oracular center as it was home of the Ibini Ukpabi oracle, High Priests, the Aro King ''Eze Aro'', and central council (Okpankpo). Rise By the mid-18th century, several Aro business families had migrated to the Igbo hinterland and to adjacent areas as a result of the rise of the demand for slaves by Europe and for palm oil. This migration and their military power supported by their alliances with several related neighboring Igbo and eastern Cross River militarized states (particularly Ohafia, Edda, Abam, Abiriba, Afikpo, Ekoi, Bahumono, Amasiri etc.), quickly established the Aro Confederacy ...
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Annang
The Anaang (also spelled Annang) are a sub-ethnic group of the larger Ibibio people, whose land is primarily within 8 of the present 31 local government areas in Akwa Ibom State: Abak, Essien Udim, Etim Ekpo, Ika, Ikot Ekpene, Obot Akara, Oruk Anam, Ukanafun in Akwa Ibom State, and 3 of the 17 Local government areas in Abia State: Ugwunagbo, Obi Ngwa,and Ukwa East of Abia State. The Anaang were formerly located in the former Abak and Ikot Ekpene Divisions of the Anaang Province, as well as part of the former Opobo Division of Uyo Province, in the former Eastern Region of Nigeria. The proper name for the Ika of Akwa Ibom is Ika-Annang. Based on 2018 estimates, there are about 4 million Annang speakers in Akwa Ibom, Abia state and over a million speakers living outside these states. History Oral history According to oral tradition, the Abiakpo came to the northern range of Anaang from Eka Abiakpo. They were quickly followed by the Ukana clan, the Utu, Ekpu, Ebom and Nyama (th ...
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Akunakuna
The Akunakuna are an ethnic group of Nigeria and Cameroon, closely related to the Efik, Bahumono and Ibibio people, mostly inhabiting the area around the Cross River. Recent figures have indicated there are over three hundred fifty thousand Akunakuna people. Name The Igbo word ''akwünaakwüna'', originally referring to a town where the Akunakuna people live, was Anglicized to ''Akunakuna''. This exonym takes no account for what the Akunakuna people actually call themselves in the Gwune language, ''agwaGwunɛ'', though, they are related. According to the book ''New Dimensions in African Linguistics and Languages'', During World War I, married and unmarried women were recruited to serve in the West African Frontier Force and later in the Expeditionary Force into Igboland as cooks and as soldiers' comfort. Ever since then, the word ''akwüna'', shortened from ''akwünaakwüna'', has referred to a prostitute. The name ''akunakuna'' can be alternatively spelled as ''Agwa'agune'', ...
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Waawa
The Waawa clan of Northern Igboland, also referred to as ''Ndi Waawa, Wawa People'', are a unique sub-group of the Igbo people in Enugu state, Enugu and Ebonyi State, Nigeria, consisting of several communities, who all speak a unique dialect of Igbo language, Igbo called ''Waawa''. The most notable among these are the Agbaja and Ngwo which consist of peoples between the wooded lands of Awka (capital of Anambra State) to the rocky valleys of Enugu (capital of Enugu State). The Agbaja are made up of communities in present-day Udi, Nigeria, Ngwo clan, Udi, Ezeagu, Umulokpa, Igbo-Etiti, Oji River, greater Awgu, Odume, Ndiagbor, Nenwe, Mpu, Okpanku and Enugu East Local Government Areas. Other notable parts of the Waawa clan include Nkanu East, Nkanu, Nsukka, Abia (not be confused with people from Abia State), Ogui, Nike, Agbani, Owo, Enugu, Owo, and other communities in Enugu State. The Waawa are most notably associated with Chief Onyeama's people from Eke, Nigeria, Eke, who was the ...
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Afafanyi
Afafanyi is a village in Abi local government area of Cross River State, Nigeria Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf o .... References Villages in Cross River State {{CrossRiverNG-geo-stub ...
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Usumutong
Usumutong is a community situated in Abi local government area of Cross River State, Nigeria. They are from the Bahumono The Bahumono (Ehumono, Kohumono) people are the ethnic group in Nigeria located primarily in the Abi local government area of Cross River State. They are the largest ethnic group in the region. They speak the Kohumono language. History The E ... ethnic group and they speak the Kohumono language References Villages in Cross River State {{CrossRiverNG-geo-stub ...
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