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Buellia Subeffigurata
''Buellia subeffigurata'' is a species of crustose lichen in the family Caliciaceae. Found in South Africa, it was formally described as a new species in 2021 by John Alan Elix, Helmut Mayrhofer, and Wolfgang Wetschnig. The type specimen was collected in the Knersvlakte ( Namaqualand, northern Cape Province), at an altitude of . Here the saxicolous lichen was found growing on quartziferous rock. The species epithet Specific name may refer to: * in Database management systems, a system-assigned name that is unique within a particular database In taxonomy, either of these two meanings, each with its own set of rules: * Specific name (botany) A botanical name ... refers to its subeffigurate marginal lobes (i.e., more or less irregular or without form). The results of standard chemical spot tests are: thallus K+ (yellow), P+ (yellow-orange), and C−. ''Buellia subeffigurata'' contains thiophanic acid as a major secondary chemical, and isoarthothelin and atranorin a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Alan Elix
John Alan (Jack) Elix (born 1941) emeritus professor in chemistry at the Australian National University, is an organic chemist who has contributed in many fields: lichenology, lichen chemotaxonomy, plant physiology and biodiversity and natural product chemistry. He has authored 2282 species names, and 67 genera in the field of mycology. Education His first degree, B.Sc., and his Ph.D were both in organic chemistry from the University of Adelaide. This was followed by post-doctoral years at the University of Cambridge and then a D.Sc. in natural products chemistry from the Australian National University. Career Elix spent a post doctoral year in 1966 at Cambridge, returning to Australia in 1967 to a lectureship in chemistry at the ANU. He retired as professor of chemistry in 2002, becoming professor emeritus. By 1975 he had already published several papers on the organic chemistry of lichens, and ultimately leading to work on the evolution, taxonomy and phylogeny of liche ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thallus
Thallus (plural: thalli), from Latinized Greek (), meaning "a green shoot" or "twig", is the vegetative tissue of some organisms in diverse groups such as algae, fungi, some liverworts, lichens, and the Myxogastria. Many of these organisms were previously known as the thallophytes, a polyphyletic group of distantly related organisms. An organism or structure resembling a thallus is called thalloid, thallodal, thalliform, thalline, or thallose. A thallus usually names the entire body of a multicellular non-moving organism in which there is no organization of the tissues into organs. Even though thalli do not have organized and distinct parts (leaves, roots, and stems) as do the vascular plants, they may have analogous structures that resemble their vascular "equivalents". The analogous structures have similar function or macroscopic structure, but different microscopic structure; for example, no thallus has vascular tissue. In exceptional cases such as the Lemnoideae, where ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichens Of South Africa
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichens Described In 2021
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
Lichen Species
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
Buellia
''Buellia'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Caliciaceae. The fungi are usually part of a crustose lichen. In this case, the lichen species is given the same name as the fungus. But members may also grow as parasites on lichens (lichenicolous). The algae in the lichen (the photobiont partner) is always a member of the genus ''Trebouxia''. Lichens in the genus are commonly called disc lichens, or button lichens.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, The genus has a widespread distribution and contains about 450 species. Genetic studies indicate that the genus ''Amandinea'' and ''Buellia'' may be the same,Scheidegger, C. 2009. Amandinea Choisy ex Scheid. & H. Mayrhofer (1993). In: C. W. Smith, A. Aptroot, B. J. Coppins, A. Fletcher, O. L. Gilbert, P. W. James and P. A. Wosley (eds.) The Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland. The British Lichen Society, Natural History Museum Publications, United Kingdom, pp. 142– ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Buellia Species
This is a list of species in the predominantly crustose lichen genus ''Buellia''. They are commonly known as "button lichens" due to the characteristic shape of their apothecia. A 2020 estimate placed about 300 species in the genus. , Species Fungorum accepts 201 species (including 9 varieties) in ''Buellia''. A *'' Buellia adjuncta'' *'' Buellia aequata'' *'' Buellia aeruginascens'' *'' Buellia aeruginosa'' – Australia *'' Buellia aethalea'' *'' Buellia akatorensis'' – New Zealand *'' Buellia albulella'' – Australia *'' Buellia alectorialica'' – New Zealand *''Buellia amandineiformis'' – Australia *'' Buellia amblyogona'' *'' Buellia arborea'' *'' Buellia arenaria'' *''Buellia arnoldii'' *''Buellia asterella'' *''Buellia atroflavella'' *''Buellia austera'' – Australia *''Buellia austroabstracta'' – Australia *''Buellia austroalpina'' – Australia B *''Buellia badia'' *''Buellia billewersii'' – New Zealand *''Buellia bogongensis'' – A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atranorin
Atranorin is a chemical substance produced by some species of lichen. It is a secondary metabolite belonging to a group of compounds known as depsides. Atranorin has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antiviral, and immunomodulatory properties. In rare cases, people can react allergic Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, refer a number of conditions caused by the hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances in the environment. These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic derma ... to atranorin. References Further reading * * * * Polyphenols Lichen products {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secondary Metabolite
Secondary metabolites, also called specialised metabolites, toxins, secondary products, or natural products, are organic compounds produced by any lifeform, e.g. bacteria, fungi, animals, or plants, which are not directly involved in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of the organism. Instead, they generally mediate ecological interactions, which may produce a selective advantage for the organism by increasing its survivability or fecundity. Specific secondary metabolites are often restricted to a narrow set of species within a phylogenetic group. Secondary metabolites often play an important role in plant defense against herbivory and other interspecies defenses. Humans use secondary metabolites as medicines, flavourings, pigments, and recreational drugs. The term secondary metabolite was first coined by Albrecht Kossel, a 1910 Nobel Prize laureate for medicine and physiology in 1910. 30 years later a Polish botanist Friedrich Czapek described secondary metabolit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spot Test (lichen)
A spot test in lichenology is a spot analysis used to help identify lichens. It is performed by placing a drop of a chemical on different parts of the lichen and noting the colour change (or lack thereof) associated with application of the chemical. The tests are routinely encountered in dichotomous keys for lichen species, and they take advantage of the wide array of lichen products produced by lichens and their uniqueness among taxa. As such, spot tests reveal the presence or absence of chemicals in various parts of a lichen. They were first proposed by the botanist William Nylander in 1866. Three common spot tests use either 10% aqueous KOH solution (K test), saturated aqueous solution of bleaching powder or calcium hypochlorite (C test), or 5% alcoholic ''p''-phenylenediamine solution (P test). The colour changes occur due to presence of particular secondary metabolites in the lichen. There are several other less frequently used spot tests of more limited use that are employed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
