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Brigade De Répression Du Proxénétisme
The Brigade de répression du proxénétisme (BRP) is a judicial police service of the French National Police, responsible for the surveillance of prostitution and the repression of procuring. The service has had various forms of organization during the course of its history. It previously had been designated as the ''Brigade of Manners'' and the ''Brigade de Mondaine'' (Social Brigade), expressions that remain popular to this day. There are several brigades of this type; the most important is that of the Paris judicial police. History The history of the BRP can be traced back to the creation of the ''general police lieutenant'' under the command of Gabriel Nicolas de la Reynie. Based on a network of paid informers and provocateurs (known as ''les mouches'', or "flies"), he succeeded in dismantling the "court of miracles". However, the first mention of a department devoted to the "policing of morals" dates from 1747, with the creation of the "Office of the discipline of manners ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judicial Police (France)
Judicial police in France are responsible for the investigation of criminal offenses and identification of perpetrators. This is in contrast to Administrative police in France, whose goal is to ensure the maintenance of public order and to prevent crime. Article 14 of the provides the legal basis for the authority of the Judicial police. The separation of administrative and judicial policing functions dates to the 1795 Code of Offences and Penalties, and is still in force today. It is a functional distinction, which does not necessarily imply an organizational separation: a single organization may be charged with carrying out both types of police functions: one example is the National Gendarmerie. History Origins The judicial police was formed by Georges Clémenceau, who was Minister of the Interior, in order to create a "police force responsible for assisting the judicial authority in the repression of crimes and misdemeanors". During the Belle Époque, under the Third ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yves Guyot
Yves Guyot (6 September 184322 February 1928) was a French politician and economist. Biography He was born at Dinan. Educated at Rennes, he took up the profession of journalism, coming to Paris in 1867. He was for a short period editor-in-chief of ''L'Independent du midi'' of Nîmes, but joined the staff of '' Le Rappel'' on its foundation, and worked subsequently on other journals. He took an active part in municipal life, and waged a keen campaign against the prefecture of police, for which he suffered six months' imprisonment. He entered the chamber of deputies in 1885 as representative of the 1st arrondissement of Paris and was rapporteur general of the budget of 1888. He became minister of public works under the premiership of P.E. Tirard in 1889, retaining his portfolio in the cabinet of Charles de Freycinet until 1892. Of strong liberal views, he lost his seat in the election of 1893 owing to his militant attitude against socialism. Yves Guyot was president of the Sociét ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Law Enforcement In France
Law enforcement in France has a long history dating back to AD 570 when night watch systems were commonplace.Dammer, H. R. and Albanese, J. S. (2014). ''Comparative Criminal Justice Systems'' (5th ed.). Wadesworth Cengage learning: Belmont, CA. Policing is centralized at the national level. Recently, legislation has allowed local governments to hire their own police officers which are called the "'' police municipale''. There are two national police forces called "''Police nationale'' and "''Gendarmerie nationale''. The Prefecture of Police of Paris provides policing services directly to Paris as a subdivision of France's Ministry of the Interior. Within these national forces, only certain designated police officers have the power to conduct criminal investigations which are supervised by investigative magistrates. Organizations National agencies France has two national police forces: * The ''Police nationale'', formerly called the "''Sûreté''", is considered a civili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michel Poniatowski
Michel Poniatowski (16 May 1922 – 15 January 2002) was a French politician, member of a legitimized line of Poland's princely Poniatowski family. He was a founder of the Independent Republicans and a part of the administration for President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing. Poniatowski served as Minister of Health from 1973 to 1974 and Minister of the Interior in the Giscard d'Estaing government from 1974 to 1977. He was a founder and honorary president of the Union for French Democracy (Union pour la Démocratie Française, UDF). Biography and early career Poniatowski was the 7th great-grandson of Prince Kazimierz Poniatowski, older brother of Stanisław August Poniatowski, who reigned as king of Poland from 1764 to 1795. Kasimierz had a son, Stanisław Poniatowski 1754–1833, whose son, Giuseppe Luci (1816–1873), by his mistress Cassandra Luci, was recognized and ennobled in the Austrian Empire on 19 November 1850 as Joseph Michel, Prince Poniatowski, a name and title recog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drug Trafficking
A drug is any chemical substance that causes a change in an organism's physiology or psychology when consumed. Drugs are typically distinguished from food and substances that provide nutritional support. Consumption of drugs can be via insufflation (medicine), inhalation, drug injection, injection, smoking, ingestion, absorption (skin), absorption via a dermal patch, patch on the skin, suppository, or sublingual administration, dissolution under the tongue. In pharmacology, a drug is a chemical substance, typically of known structure, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect. A pharmaceutical drug, also called a medication or medicine, is a chemical substance used to pharmacotherapy, treat, cure, preventive healthcare, prevent, or medical diagnosis, diagnose a disease or to promote well-being. Traditionally drugs were obtained through extraction from medicinal plants, but more recently also by organic synthesis. Pharmaceutical drugs may be used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pederasty
Pederasty or paederasty ( or ) is a sexual relationship between an adult man and a pubescent or adolescent boy. The term ''pederasty'' is primarily used to refer to historical practices of certain cultures, particularly ancient Greece and ancient Rome. In most countries today such relationships are illegal. The local age of consent determines whether a person is considered legally competent to consent to sexual acts, and whether such contact is child sexual abuse or statutory rape. An adult engaging in sexual activity with a minor may be considered abusive by medical authorities for a variety of reasons, including the age of the minor, the likelihood of the minor developing one or more mental disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, physical injury to the minor, and the minor's propensity for further victimization in adulthood. Etymology and usage ''Pederasty'' derives from the combination of grc, παίδ-, paid-, boy, child (stem) with grc, ἐραστής, er ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White Slavery
White slavery (also white slave trade or white slave trafficking) refers to the slavery of Europeans, whether by non-Europeans (such as West Asians and North Africa, North Africans), or by other Europeans (for example naval galley slaves or the Vikings' thralls). Slaves of European origin were present in ancient Rome and the Ottoman Empire. Many different types of white people were enslaved. On the European continent under feudalism, there were various forms of status applying to people (such as serfdom, serf, bordar, villein, Vagrancy (people)#United Kingdom, vagabond and Serfdom#Slaves, slave) who were indentured servitude, indentured or forced to labor without pay. Under History of slavery under Muslim rule, Muslim rule, the Arab slave trades that included Caucasian race, Caucasian captives were often fueled by raids into European territories or were taken as children in the form of a Devshirme, blood tax from the families of citizens of Ottoman territories in Europe, conqu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soliciting
Solicitation is the act of offering, or attempting to purchase, goods and/or services. Legal status may be specific to the time or place where it occurs. The crime of "solicitation to commit a crime" occurs when a person encourages, "solicits, requests, commands, importunes or otherwise attempts to cause" another person to attempt or commit a crime, with the purpose of thereby facilitating the attempt or commission of that crime.''Criminal Law - Cases and Materials'', 7th ed. 2012, Wolters Kluwer Law & Business; John Kaplan (law professor), Robert Weisberg, Guyora Binder, /ref> England and Wales In England and Wales, the term soliciting is usually "for a person (whether male or female) persistently to loiter or solicit in a street or public place for the purpose of prostitution" under the Street Offences Act 1959 as amended. The crime of soliciting should not be confused with the profession of a solicitor, which under UK law is typically that of a lawyer, who may also function a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Célestin Hennion
Célestin Hennion CVO (8 September 1862 – 14 March 1915) was a French police officer who rose to head the Prefecture of Police (french: Préfecture de Police). He was responsible for the reorganisation of the Préfecture and the introduction of The Tiger Brigades, ancestor of the French judicial police. In France, he is considered to be one of the pioneers of modern policing. Early life Hennion was born in Gommegnies in 1862, to Joseph Ghislain Hannion, a farm labourer, and Marie-Catherine Basilaire and he was educated at Lycée Le Quesnoy. After leaving grammar school he joined the French Army, and was posted to Tunisia as part of the 110th Infantry Regiment, from 1880 until 1885 during which time Tunisia became a French Protectorate. Police career On returning to France he joined the police force and in 1886 was an inspector in a specialised railways squad. Hennion had a rapid rise through the force, and was moved into intelligence work where he investigated organisatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Directory
The Directory (also called Directorate, ) was the governing five-member committee in the French First Republic from 2 November 1795 until 9 November 1799, when it was overthrown by Napoleon, Napoleon Bonaparte in the Coup of 18 Brumaire and replaced by the French Consulate, Consulate. ''Directoire'' is the name of the final four years of the French Revolution. Mainstream historiography also uses the term in reference to the period from the dissolution of the National Convention on 26 October 1795 (4 Brumaire) to Napoleon's coup d’état. The Directory was continually at war with foreign coalitions, including Kingdom of Great Britain, Britain, Habsburg monarchy, Austria, Kingdom of Prussia, Prussia, the Kingdom of Naples, Russian Empire, Russia and the Ottoman Empire. It annexed Austrian Netherlands, Belgium and the left bank of the Rhine, while Bonaparte conquered a large part of Italy. The Directory established 196 short-lived sister republics in Italy, Old Swiss Confederacy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French National Police
The National Police (french: Police nationale), formerly known as the , is one of two national police forces of France, the other being the National Gendarmerie. The National Police is the country's main civil law enforcement agency, with primary jurisdiction in cities and large towns. By contrast, the National Gendarmerie has primary jurisdiction in smaller towns, as well as in rural and border areas. The National Police comes under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Interior and has about 145,200 employees (as of 2015). Young French citizens can fulfill their mandatory service (''Service national universel'') in the police force. The National Police operates mostly in cities and large towns. In that context, it conducts security operations such as patrols, traffic control and identity checks. Under the orders and supervision of investigating magistrates of the judiciary, it conducts criminal inquiries and serves search warrants. It also maintains specific services ('judic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vice
A vice is a practice, behaviour, or habit generally considered immoral, sinful, criminal, rude, taboo, depraved, degrading, deviant or perverted in the associated society. In more minor usage, vice can refer to a fault, a negative character trait, a defect, an infirmity, or a bad or unhealthy habit. Vices are usually associated with a transgression in a person's character or temperament rather than their morality. Synonyms for vice include fault, sin, depravity, iniquity, wickedness, and corruption. The antonym of vice is virtue. Etymology The modern English term that best captures its original meaning is the word ''vicious'', which means "full of vice". In this sense, the word ''vice'' comes from the Latin word '' vitium'', meaning "failing or defect". Law enforcement Depending on the country or jurisdiction, vice crimes may or may not be treated as a separate category in the criminal codes. Even in jurisdictions where vice is not explicitly delineated in the legal code, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
