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Bosman Language
Bosman (Bosmun, Bosngun) is a Ramu language of Papua New Guinea. It is spoken five villages of Dongan ward, Yawar Rural LLG, Madang Province (). Like Watam, it shares a number of irregular plural markers with the Lower Sepik languages The Lower Sepik a.k.a. Nor–Pondo languages are a small language family of East Sepik Province in northern Papua New Guinea. They were identified as a family by K Laumann in 1951 under the name Nor–Pondo, and included in Donald Laycock's now-d ..., supporting the proposal of a Ramu – Lower Sepik language family. References External links Rosetta Project: Bosmun Swadesh List Ottilien languages Languages of Madang Province Languages of East Sepik Province {{papuan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madang Province
Madang is a province of Papua New Guinea. The province is on the northern coast of mainland Papua New Guinea and has many of the country's highest peaks, active volcanoes and its biggest mix of languages. The capital is the town of Madang. Districts and LLGs Each province in Papua New Guinea has one or more districts, and each district has one or more Local Level Government (LLG) areas. For census purposes, the LLG areas are subdivided into wards and those into census units. Education Tertiary educational institutions in Madang Province include: *Madang Technical College *Madang Marine Time College *Madang Teachers College *Divine Word University (DWU) is a national university and a leading tertiary institution in Papua New Guinea. Formerly Divine Word Institute, it was established by an Act of Parliament in 1980 and was established as a University in 1996. DWU It is ecumenical, coeducational and privately governed with government support. Provincial leaders The provin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramu Languages
The Ramu languages are a family of some thirty languages of Northern Papua New Guinea. They were identified as a family by John Z'graggen in 1971 and linked with the Sepik languages by Donald Laycock two years later. Malcolm Ross (2005) classifies them as one branch of a Ramu – Lower Sepik language family. Z'graggen had included the Yuat languages, but that now seems doubtful. With no comprehensive grammar yet available for any of the Ramu languages, the Ramu group remains one of the most poorly documented language groups in the Sepik-Ramu basin. Classification The small families listed below in boldface are clearly valid units. The first five, sometimes classified together as ''Lower Ramu,'' are relatable through lexical data, so their relationship is widely accepted. Languages of the Ottilien family share plural morphology with Nor–Pondo. Late 20th century Laycock (1973) included the Arafundi family, apparently impressionistically, but Arafundi is poorly known. Ross ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Ramu Languages
The Lower Ramu or Ottilien–Misegian languages consist of two branches in the Ramu language family. They are all spoken in Yawar Rural LLG, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. Classification The Lower Ramu languages as classified by Usher and by Foley (2018) are:Timothy Usher, New Guinea WorldLower Ramu River/ref> ;Lower Ramu languages * Ottilien languages ** Watam, Kaian **Gamay ( Borei) ** Bosmun, Awar *Misegian languages (Ruboni languages) ** Mikarew ( Aruamu) ** Sepen, Kirei Lower Ramu as presented in Foley (2018) has been reduced in scope from the classification given in Foley (2005), which is as follows. ;Lower Ramu *Watam-Awar-Gamay (WAG) = Ottilien ** Watam, Kaian **Gamay ** Bosmun, Awar Awar ( ar-at, اعور) is one of the five sons of Iblis, mentioned by Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj. He is a devil who encourages debauchery. His four brothers are named: Dasim (داسم), Zalambur (زلنبور), Sut In Islamic demonology, Sut (مس٠... * Mikarew- Kire (MK) = Misegia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottilien Languages
The Ottilien or Watam-Awar-Gamay languages languages are a small family of clearly related languages, : Watam– Kaian, Gamei (Mbore), and Bosman–Awar. They are generally classified among the Ramu languages of northern Papua New Guinea. The Ottilien languages are all spoken in Yawar Rural LLG, in locations mostly along the coast of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. Watam and Bosman share plural morphology with Lower Sepik (Nor–Pondo), supporting the Ramu – Lower Sepik language-family proposal. The family is named for the mouth of the Ottilien River, now known as the Ramu. Phonemes Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows: : : Pronouns Pronouns in proto-Watam-Awar-Gamay (proto-Ottilien) reconstructed by Foley (2005) are: : See also Lower Ramu languages#Pronouns. Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Proto-Ottilien A phonological reconstruction of proto-Watam-Awar-Gamay (proto-Ottilien) has been proposed by Foley (2005). ;proto-W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramu Language
The Ramu languages are a family of some thirty languages of Northern Papua New Guinea. They were identified as a family by John Z'graggen in 1971 and linked with the Sepik languages by Donald Laycock two years later. Malcolm Ross (2005) classifies them as one branch of a Ramu – Lower Sepik language family. Z'graggen had included the Yuat languages, but that now seems doubtful. With no comprehensive grammar yet available for any of the Ramu languages, the Ramu group remains one of the most poorly documented language groups in the Sepik-Ramu basin. Classification The small families listed below in boldface are clearly valid units. The first five, sometimes classified together as ''Lower Ramu,'' are relatable through lexical data, so their relationship is widely accepted. Languages of the Ottilien family share plural morphology with Nor–Pondo. Late 20th century Laycock (1973) included the Arafundi family, apparently impressionistically, but Arafundi is poorly known. Ross ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia (a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia). Its capital, located along its southeastern coast, is Port Moresby. The country is the world's third largest island country, with an area of . At the national level, after being ruled by three external powers since 1884, including nearly 60 years of Australian administration starting during World War I, Papua New Guinea established its sovereignty in 1975. It became an independent Commonwealth realm in 1975 with Elizabeth II as its queen. It also became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations in its own right. There are 839 known languages of Papua New Guinea, one of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yawar Rural LLG
Yawar Rural LLG is a local-level government (LLG) of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. The Lower Ramu languages (Ottilien–Misegian) are all spoken in this LLG. Wards *01. Marangis ( Marangis language speakers) *02. Kaiyan (Kaian language speakers) *03. Boroi ( Mbore language speakers) *04. Buliva *05. Daiden *06. Dongan ( Bosmun language speakers) *07. Awar ( Awar language speakers) *08. Nubia *09. Birap *10. Rugusak *11. Ambu *13. Sepa ( Sepen language speakers) *14. Rugasak *15. Banag *16. Giri Tung (Giri language speakers) *17. Damangap *18. Kumnung *19. Minung *20. Kuarak *21. Mikarew ( Mikarew language speakers) *22. Abegini *23. Dinam Adui *24. Apengan *25. Ariangon *26. Amba Arep *27. Aringen Gun *28. Dimuk Sirin *29. Giar Wazamb *30. Andeamarup *31. Duapmung *32. Andarum *33. Ingamuk *34. Barit *35. Kayoma *36. Bang Wokam (Gorovu language Gorovu is a nearly extinct Ramu language of Papua New Guinea. It is spoken in the two villages of: *Bangapela village, Bang Wokam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethnologue
''Ethnologue: Languages of the World'' (stylized as ''EthnoloÉ ue'') is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world. It is the world's most comprehensive catalogue of languages. It was first issued in 1951, and is now published by SIL International, an American Christian non-profit organization. Overview and content ''Ethnologue'' has been published by SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics), a Christian linguistic service organization with an international office in Dallas, Texas. The organization studies numerous minority languages to facilitate language development, and to work with speakers of such language communities in translating portions of the Bible into their languages. Despite the Christian orientation of its publisher, ''Ethnologue'' isn't ideologically or theologically biased. ''Ethnologue'' includes alternative names and autonyms, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SIL International
SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics) is an evangelical Christian non-profit organization whose main purpose is to study, develop and document languages, especially those that are lesser-known, in order to expand linguistic knowledge, promote literacy, translate the Christian Bible into local languages, and aid minority language development. Based on its language documentation work, SIL publishes a database, ''Ethnologue'', of its research into the world's languages, and develops and publishes software programs for language documentation, such as FieldWorks Language Explorer (FLEx) and Lexique Pro. Its main offices in the United States are located at the International Linguistics Center in Dallas, Texas. History William Cameron Townsend, a Presbyterian minister, founded the organization in 1934, after undertaking a Christian mission with the Disciples of Christ among the Kaqchikel Maya people in Guatemala in the early 1930s.George Thomas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Watam Language
Marangis a.k.a. Watam is a Ramu language The Ramu languages are a family of some thirty languages of Northern Papua New Guinea. They were identified as a family by John Z'graggen in 1971 and linked with the Sepik languages by Donald Laycock two years later. Malcolm Ross (2005) classi ... of Papua New Guinea. Like Bosmun language, Bosmun, it shares a number of irregular plural markers with the Lower Sepik languages, supporting the proposal of a Ramu – Lower Sepik languages, Ramu – Lower Sepik language family. It is spoken in the two villages of: *Watam village, Marienberg Rural LLG, East Sepik Province () *Marangis village, Yawar Rural LLG, Madang Province () Pronouns The pronominal system of Watam has a four-way distinction, with there being a paucal ("a few", "more than two") number for pronouns in addition to singular, dual, and plural. : Nouns Nominal plural formatives include: : Verbs Watam verbal conjugation for the verb ''ndo'' ‘to see’: : References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Sepik Languages
The Lower Sepik a.k.a. Nor–Pondo languages are a small language family of East Sepik Province in northern Papua New Guinea. They were identified as a family by K Laumann in 1951 under the name Nor–Pondo, and included in Donald Laycock's now-defunct 1973 Sepik–Ramu family. Classification The original conception of the family, under the name ''Nor–Pondo'', is as follows: Malcolm Ross (2005) broke up the Nor branch (and thus renamed the family ''Lower Sepik'') because Murik does not share the characteristic s of the first- and second-person pronouns of Kopar and the Pondo languages, so the latter may form a group: Murik vs Kopar–Pondo. Ross classified Lower Sepik as one branch of a Ramu–Lower Sepik language family. Foley (2005) tentatively proposes that Chambri and Angoram may be primary branches: Nor, Chambari, Karawari–Yimas, Angoram. Usher, following Foley, keeps Nor together and breaks up Pondo. Neither accept the connection to Ramu. Foley (2018) and Usher ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramu – Lower Sepik Languages
The Ramu River is a major river in northern Papua New Guinea. The headwaters of the river are formed in the Kratke Range from where it then travels about northwest to the Bismarck Sea. Along the Ramu's course, it receives numerous tributaries from the Bismarck Range to the south and the Finisterre and Adelbert. History For many millennia, people have lived along the river, and the river has formed the basis for food, transport, and culture. German exploration The area encompassed by the Ramu was part of Kaiser-Wilhelmsland when Germany established German New Guinea in 1884. The Germans were quick to explore their territory, and the mouth of the Ramu was discovered in 1886 by Vice-Admiral Freiherr von Schleinitz after returning to Finschhafen from an expedition to the nearby Sepik.Souter (1963) p. 73 Schleinitz called the Ramu, ''Ottilien'' after his ship the ''Ottilie''. The course of the river was first discovered 10 years later in 1896 after Dr Carl Lauterbach, a bot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
