|
Bernart Arnaut D'Armagnac
Bernart Arnaut d'Armagnac (died 1226), also Bernard Arnaud, was a troubadour and from 1217 the Count of Armagnac in opposition to his brother, Gerald V, who inherited it from the childless Gerald IV. Joseph Vaissète, ''Histoire générale de Languedoc'', vol. 5, p. 598. Bruckner, Shepard, and White, p. 170. Bernart and Gerald were both sons of Bernard de Fézensaguet. Sometime before 1217, Bernart Arnaut had a literary correspondence with the trobairitz Lombarda. The background (''razo'') to this exchange (''tenso'') is described in Lombarda's ''vida''. Bernart, after visiting and befriending Lombarda, left her (probably in Toulouse) without seeing her for a last time. He then sent her his song ''Lombards volgr'eu eser per Na Lombarda''. Lombarda responded with ''Nom volgr' aver per Bernard Na Bernarda''. Their exchange has inspired many feminist readings. Bernart begins by taking the name "Lombards" in honour of his lady; Lombarda responds by calling herself "Bernarda". If Bernar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Troubadour
A troubadour (, ; oc, trobador ) was a composer and performer of Old Occitan lyric poetry during the High Middle Ages (1100–1350). Since the word ''troubadour'' is etymologically masculine, a female troubadour is usually called a ''trobairitz''. The troubadour school or tradition began in the late 11th century in Occitania, but it subsequently spread to the Italian and Iberian Peninsulas. Under the influence of the troubadours, related movements sprang up throughout Europe: the Minnesang in Germany, ''trovadorismo'' in Galicia and Portugal, and that of the trouvères in northern France. Dante Alighieri in his ''De vulgari eloquentia'' defined the troubadour lyric as ''fictio rethorica musicaque poita'': rhetorical, musical, and poetical fiction. After the "classical" period around the turn of the 13th century and a mid-century resurgence, the art of the troubadours declined in the 14th century and around the time of the Black Death (1348) it died out. The texts of troubadou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vida (Occitan Literary Form)
''Vida'' () is the usual term for a brief prose biography, written in Old Occitan, of a troubadour or trobairitz. The word ''vida'' means "life" in Occitan languages; they are short prose biographies of the troubadours, and they are found in some chansonniers, along with the works of the author they describe. Vidas are notoriously unreliable: Mouzat, while complaining that some scholars still believe them, says they represent the authors as "ridiculous bohemians, and picaresque heroes"; Alfred Jeanroy calls them "the ancestors of modern novels". Most often, they are not based on independent sources, and their information is deduced from literal readings of details of the poems. Most of the ''vidas'' were composed in Italy, many by Uc de Saint Circ. Additionally, some individual poems are accompanied by ''razo A ''razo'' (, literally "cause", "reason") was a short piece of Occitan prose detailing the circumstances of a troubadour composition. A ''razo'' normally introduced an in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counts Of Armagnac
The following is a list of rulers of the county of Armagnac: House of Armagnac *William Count of Fézensac and Armagnac ?– 960 * Bernard the Suspicious, First count privative of Armagnac 960– ? * Gerald I Trancaléon ? –1020 * Bernard I Tumapaler 1020–1061 * Gerald II 1061–1095 * Arnauld-Bernard II (associated 1072 for about ten years) * Bernard III 1095–1110 * Gerald III 1110–1160 * Bernard IV 1160–1188 * Gerald IV Trancaléon 1188–1215 *Gerald V 1215–1219 **Bernart Arnaut d'Armagnac 1217–1226, in opposition * Pierre-Gerald 1219–1241 * Bernard V 1241–1245 * Mascarose I (countess) 1245 * Arnauld II count of Lectoure and Lomagne 1245–1249 * Mascarose II 1249–1256 *Eskivat de Chabanais, lord of Chabannais 1249–1256 * Gerald VI 1256–1285 * Bernard VI 1285–1319 * Jean I 1319–1373 * Jean II the Hunchbacked 1373–1384 * Jean III 1384–1391 * Bernard VII 1391–1418 * Jean IV 1418–1450 * Jean V 1450–1473 *Charles I 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1226 Deaths
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of ''unit length'' is a line segment of length 1. In conventions of sign where zero is considered neither positive nor negative, 1 is the first and smallest positive integer. It is also sometimes considered the first of the infinite sequence of natural numbers, followed by 2, although by other definitions 1 is the second natural number, following 0. The fundamental mathematical property of 1 is to be a multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. Most if not all properties of 1 can be deduced from this. In advanced mathematics, a multiplicative identity is often denoted 1, even if it is not a number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number; this was not universally accepted until the mid-20th century. Additionally, 1 is the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matilda Bruckner
Matilda Tomaryn Bruckner is an American scholar of medieval French literature. She is an authority on French romance from the twelfth and thirteenth century, and author and editor of four books on romance, Chrétien de Troyes, and the women troubadours. Professional career Bruckner received her A.B. from Bryn Mawr College and her M.Phil. and Ph.D. from Yale University. She taught at Princeton University for eight years, before accepting a position at Boston College Boston College (BC) is a private Jesuit research university in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts. Founded in 1863, the university has more than 9,300 full-time undergraduates and nearly 5,000 graduate students. Although Boston College is classifie ... in 1983, where she is a professor of French. Publications *''Chrétien Continued: A Study of the Conte du Graal and its Verse Continuations''. New York: Oxford UP, 2009. *''Songs of the Women Troubadours'', with Laurie Shepard and Sarah White. New York: Garland, 1995 (rev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jordan III Of L'Isle-Jourdain
Jordan ( ar, الأردن; Romanization of Arabic, tr. ' ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,; Romanization of Arabic, tr. ' is a country in Western Asia. It is situated at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe, within the Levant region, on the Transjordan (region), East Bank of the Jordan River. Jordan is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south and east, Iraq to the northeast, Syria to the north, and the State of Palestine, Palestinian West Bank, Israel, and the Dead Sea to the west. It has a coastline in its southwest on the Gulf of Aqaba's Red Sea, which separates Jordan from Egypt. Amman is Jordan's capital and largest city, as well as its economic, political, and cultural centre. Modern-day Jordan has been inhabited by humans since the Paleolithic period. Three stable kingdoms emerged there at the end of the Bronze Age: Ammon, Moab and Edom. In the third century BC, the Arab Nabataeans established their Nabataean Kingdom, Kingdom with Petra as the capital. La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Troubadour")
.jpg "Click for more on -> Vida (Occitan Literary Form)")
