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Berengar Fredol The Elder
Berengar Fredol or Bérenger Frédol (1250 – 11 June 1323) was a French canon lawyer and Cardinal-Bishop of Frascati. Celestine V He was canon and precentor of Béziers, secular Abbot of Saint-Aphrodise in the same city, canon and archdeacon of Corbières, and canon of Aix. He later held the chair of canon law at the University of Bologna, and was appointed chaplain to Pope Celestine V, who in 1294 consecrated him Bishop of Béziers. Boniface VIII Fredol was one of those entrusted by Pope Boniface VIII with the compilation of the text of the Decretals, known as the '' Liber Sextus''. He played a prominent role in the negotiations between the pope and Philip the Fair, and attended the council held in Rome in 1302. Clement V In 1305 Pope Clement V made him a cardinal, with the title of Sts. Nereus and Achilleus. The pope appointed him Major Penitentiary in (1306), and in 1309 raised him to the Cardinal-Bishopric of Frascati. The same pontiff employed him in investigatin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Béranger Frédol L&
Béranger or Beranger is a French surname that may refer to *Clara Beranger (1886–1956), American screenwriter *Christine Goitschel, Christine Béranger-Goitschel (born 1944), French alpine skier *François Béranger (1937–2003), French singer *George Beranger (1893–1973), Australian actor and film director *Grégory Béranger (born 1981), French football player *Paul Béranger, French discus thrower *Pierre-Jean de Béranger (1780–1857), French poet and songwriter See also *Bérenger {{Surname ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope John XXII
Pope John XXII ( la, Ioannes PP. XXII; 1244 – 4 December 1334), born Jacques Duèze (or d'Euse), was head of the Catholic Church from 7 August 1316 to his death in December 1334. He was the second and longest-reigning Avignon Pope, elected by the Conclave of Cardinals, which was assembled in Lyon through the work of King Louis X's brother Philip, the Count of Poitiers. Like his predecessor, Clement V, Pope John centralized power and income in the Papacy and lived a princely life in Avignon. John excommunicated the enemies of Edward II of England, while warning Edward of a possible reassessment of the papal grant of Ireland. He opposed the political policies of Louis IV of Bavaria as Holy Roman Emperor, which prompted Louis to invade Italy and set up an antipope, Nicholas V. John opposed the Franciscan understanding of the poverty of Christ and his apostles passing multiple papal bulls to enforce his views. This led William of Ockham to write against unlimited papal power. Fol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Major Penitentiaries Of The Apostolic Penitentiary
Major (commandant in certain jurisdictions) is a military rank of commissioned officer status, with corresponding ranks existing in many military forces throughout the world. When used unhyphenated and in conjunction with no other indicators, major is one rank above captain, and one rank below lieutenant colonel. It is considered the most junior of the field officer ranks. Background Majors are typically assigned as specialised executive or operations officers for battalion-sized units of 300 to 1,200 soldiers while in some nations, like Germany, majors are often in command of a company. When used in hyphenated or combined fashion, the term can also imply seniority at other levels of rank, including ''general-major'' or ''major general'', denoting a low-level general officer, and ''sergeant major'', denoting the most senior non-commissioned officer (NCO) of a military unit. The term ''major'' can also be used with a hyphen to denote the leader of a military band such as i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
14th-century French Cardinals
As a means of recording the passage of time, the 14th century was a century lasting from 1 January 1301 ( MCCCI), to 31 December 1400 ( MCD). It is estimated that the century witnessed the death of more than 45 million lives from political and natural disasters in both Europe and the Mongol Empire. West Africa experienced economic growth and prosperity. In Europe, the Black Death claimed 25 million lives wiping out one third of the European population while the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France fought in the protracted Hundred Years' War after the death of Charles IV, King of France led to a claim to the French throne by Edward III, King of England. This period is considered the height of chivalry and marks the beginning of strong separate identities for both England and France as well as the foundation of the Italian Renaissance and Ottoman Empire. In Asia, Tamerlane (Timur), established the Timurid Empire, history's third largest empire to have been ever establish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deans Of The College Of Cardinals
Deans may refer to: People * Austen Deans (1915–2011), New Zealand painter and war artist * Colin Deans (born 1955), Scottish rugby union player * Craig Deans (born 1974), Australian football (soccer) player * Diane Deans (born 1958), Canadian politician * Dixie Deans (born 1946), Scottish football player (Celtic) * Ian Deans (1937–2016), Canadian politician * Kathryn Deans, Australian author * Mickey Deans (1934–2003), fifth and last husband of Judy Garland * Ray Deans (born 1966), Scottish football player * Robbie Deans (born 1959), New Zealand rugby coach and former player * Steven Deans (born 1982), ice hockey player * Tommy Deans (1922–2000), Scottish football (soccer) player * More than one Dean Places * Deans, New Jersey Deans is an Local government in New Jersey#Unincorporated communities, unincorporated community located within South Brunswick, New Jersey, South Brunswick Township in Middlesex County, New Jersey, Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canon Law Jurists
Canon or Canons may refer to: Arts and entertainment * Canon (fiction), the conceptual material accepted as official in a fictional universe by its fan base * Literary canon, an accepted body of works considered as high culture ** Western canon, the body of high culture literature, music, philosophy, and works of art that is highly valued in the West * Canon of proportions, a formally codified set of criteria deemed mandatory for a particular artistic style of figurative art * Canon (music), a type of composition * Canon (hymnography), a type of hymn used in Eastern Orthodox Christianity. * ''Canon'' (album), a 2007 album by Ani DiFranco * ''Canon'' (film), a 1964 Canadian animated short * ''Canon'' (game), an online browser-based strategy war game * ''Canon'' (manga), by Nikki * Canonical plays of William Shakespeare * ''The Canon'' (Natalie Angier book), a 2007 science book by Natalie Angier * ''The Canon'' (podcast), concerning film Brands and enterprises * Canon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cardinal-nephews
A cardinal-nephew ( la, cardinalis nepos; it, cardinale nipote; es, valido de su tío; pt, cardeal-sobrinho; french: prince de fortune)Signorotto and Visceglia, 2002, p. 114. Modern French scholarly literature uses the term "cardinal-neveu'". was a cardinal elevated by a pope who was that cardinal's relative. The practice of creating cardinal-nephews originated in the Middle Ages, and reached its apex during the 16th and 17th centuries. The last cardinal-nephew was named in 1689 and the practice was abolished in 1692.Bunson, Matthew. 1995.Cardinal Nephew. ''The Pope Encyclopedia''. Crown Trade Paperbacks. . The word ''nepotism'' originally referred specifically to this practice, when it appeared in the English language about 1669. From the middle of the Avignon Papacy (1309–1377) until Pope Innocent XII's anti-nepotism bull (a papal charter), ''Romanum decet pontificem'' (1692), a pope without a cardinal-nephew was the exception to the rule. Every Renaissance pope who create ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishops Of Maguelonne
A bishop is an ordained clergy member who is entrusted with a position of Episcopal polity, authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance of dioceses. The role or office of bishop is called episcopacy. Organizationally, several Christian denominations utilize ecclesiastical structures that call for the position of bishops, while other denominations have dispensed with this office, seeing it as a symbol of power. Bishops have also exercised political authority. Traditionally, bishops claim apostolic succession, a direct historical lineage dating back to the original Twelve Apostles or Saint Paul. The bishops are by doctrine understood as those who possess the full Priest#Christianity, priesthood given by Jesus in Christianity, Jesus Christ, and therefore may ordain other clergy, including other bishops. A person ordained as a deacon, priest (i.e. presbyter), and then bishop is understood to hold the fulln ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishops Of Béziers
A bishop is an ordained clergy member who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance of dioceses. The role or office of bishop is called episcopacy. Organizationally, several Christian denominations utilize ecclesiastical structures that call for the position of bishops, while other denominations have dispensed with this office, seeing it as a symbol of power. Bishops have also exercised political authority. Traditionally, bishops claim apostolic succession, a direct historical lineage dating back to the original Twelve Apostles or Saint Paul. The bishops are by doctrine understood as those who possess the full priesthood given by Jesus Christ, and therefore may ordain other clergy, including other bishops. A person ordained as a deacon, priest (i.e. presbyter), and then bishop is understood to hold the fullness of the ministerial priesthood, given responsibility by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Durand, Bishop Of Mende
Guillaume Durand, or William Durand (c. 1230 – 1 November 1296), also known as Durandus, Duranti or Durantis, from the Italian form of Durandi filius, as he sometimes signed himself, was a French canonist and liturgical writer, and Bishop of Mende. Life Durand was born at Puimisson, near Béziers, of a noble family of Languedoc. He studied law at Bologna, with Bernard of Botone, and by about 1264 was teaching canon law with success at Modena. Pope Clement IV, another Frenchman, called him to the pontifical court as a chaplain and auditor of the palace, and in 1274 he accompanied Clement's successor, Pope Gregory X, to the Second Council of Lyons, the constitutions of which he helped draw up. As spiritual and temporal legate of the patrimony of St. Peter, he received in 1278, in the pope's name, the homage of Bologna and the other cities of Romagna. Pope Martin IV made him vicar spiritual in 1281, then governor of Romagna and of the March of Ancona (1283). In the midst of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Of Segusio
Henry of Segusio, usually called Hostiensis, (c. 1200 – 6 or 7 November 1271) was an Italian canonist of the thirteenth century, born at Susa (Segusio), in the ancient Diocese of Turin. He died at Lyon. Life He undertook the study of Roman law and canon law at Bologna, where he seems to have taught Canon Law, and to have taken his degree ''utriusque juris''. He taught canon law at Paris, and spent some time in England, whence King Henry III sent him on a mission to Innocent IV. Later he became Provost of the Cathedral Chapter of Antibes, and chaplain to the pope. He was promoted to the See of Sisteron in 1244, afterwards to the Archdiocese of Embrun in 1250. In 1259 he replaced the captured Filippo da Pistoia as papal legate in Lombardy. He became Cardinal Bishop of Ostia and Velletri on 22 May 1262, whence his name ''Hostiensis''. His health forced him to leave the conclave of 1268-1271, though he remained at Viterbo. He was not present at the compromise election of Ted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
