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Beet Armyworm
The beet armyworm or small mottled willow moth (''Spodoptera exigua'') is one of the best-known agricultural pest insects. It is also known as the asparagus fern caterpillar. It is native to Asia, but has been introduced worldwide and is now found almost anywhere its many host crops are grown. The voracious larvae are the main culprits. In the British Isles, where it is an introduced species and not known to breed, the adult moth is known as the small mottled willow moth. Discovery Thought to have originated in south-east Asian countries, it was first discovered in North America about 1876, when it was found in Oregon, and it reached Florida in 1924. Description The adult is a drab brown or grey moth with a wingspan of . Forewing is greyish ochreous in color, washed with dull yellow and sprinkled with black scales. Inner and outer lines are double, indistinct, filled in with pale yellowish color. A dark waved median shade visible before lower half of outer line. Cell is dark b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacob Hübner
Jacob Hübner (20 June 1761 – 13 September 1826, in Augsburg) was a German entomologist. He was the author of ''Sammlung Europäischer Schmetterlinge'' (1796–1805), a founding work of entomology. Scientific career Hübner was the author of ''Sammlung Europäischer Schmetterlinge'' (1796–1805), a founding work of entomology. He was one of the first specialists to work on the European Lepidoptera. He described many new species, for example ''Sesia bembeciformis'' and ''Euchloe tagis'', many of them common. He also described many new genus, genera. He was a designer and engraver and from 1786 he worked for three years as a designer and engraver at a cotton factory in Ukraine. There he collected Butterfly, butterflies and moths including descriptions and illustrations of some in ''Beiträge zur Geschichte der Schmetterlinge'' (1786–1790) along with other new species from the countryside around his home in Augsburg. Hübner's masterwork "Tentamen" was intended as a discussion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cereals
A cereal is a grass cultivated for its edible grain. Cereals are the world's largest crops, and are therefore staple foods. They include rice, wheat, rye, oats, barley, millet, and maize (Corn). Edible grains from other plant families, such as amaranth, buckwheat and quinoa, are pseudocereals. Most cereals are annuals, producing one crop from each planting, though rice is sometimes grown as a perennial. Winter varieties are hardy enough to be planted in the autumn, becoming dormant in the winter, and harvested in spring or early summer; spring varieties are planted in spring and harvested in late summer. The term cereal is derived from the name of the Roman goddess of grain crops and fertility, Ceres. Cereals were domesticated in the Neolithic around 8,000 years ago. Wheat and barley were domesticated in the Fertile Crescent; rice and some millets were domesticated in East Asia, while sorghum and other millets were domesticated in West Africa. Maize was domesticated by In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nabis (bug)
''Nabis''Latreille PA (1802) ''Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes. rédigé par C. S. Sonnini. F. Dufart, Paris.'' Vol. 3: i-xii; 13-467. is a genus of damsel bugs in the family Nabidae. Species ''Nabis'' contains the following species: * '' Nabis argentinus'' Meyer-Dür, 1870 * '' Nabis blackburni'' White, 1978 * '' Nabis chinai'' Kerzhner, 1970 * '' Nabis chinensis'' Ren & Hsiao, 1981 * '' Nabis curtipennis'' Blackburn, 1888 * '' Nabis ealapaeoensis'' Kerzhner, 1968 * '' Nabis faminei'' Stål, 1859 * '' Nabis gagneorum'' Polhemus, 1999 * '' Nabis galapagoensis'' Kerzhner, 1968 * '' Nabis giffardi'' Van Duzee, 1936 * '' Nabis gracillimus'' Heer, 1865 * '' Nabis heissi'' Kerzhner, 2006 * '' Nabis himalayensis'' Ren, 1988 * '' Nabis hsiaoi'' Kerzhner, 1992 * '' Nabis kaohinani'' (Kirkaldy, 1909) * '' Nabis kavahalu'' (Kirkaldy, 1907) * '' Nabis kerasphoros'' (Kirkaldy, 1907) * '' Nabis koelensis'' Blackburn, 1888 * '' Nabis lividus'' H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geocoris
''Geocoris'' is a genus of insects in the family Geocoridae (although in the past the geocorids were subsumed as a subfamily under the family "Lygaeidae"). Commonly known as big-eyed bugs, the species in ''Geocoris'' are beneficial predators, but are often confused with the true chinch bug, which is a pest. There are more than 140 described species in ''Geocoris''. Description Big-eyed bugs are true bugs in the order Hemiptera. The two most common North American species are '' Geocoris pallens'' and ''Geocoris punctipes''. Both are predators and occur in many habitats, including fields, gardens, and turf grass. Big-eyed bugs are considered an important predator in many agricultural systems and feed on mites, insect eggs, and small insects such as pink bollworm, cabbage loopers, and whiteflies. Adult big-eyed bugs are small (about ) black, gray, or tan with proportionately large eyes. Eggs are deposited singly or in clusters on leaves near potential prey. They develop with inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orius
The genus ''Orius'' (commonly called minute pirate bug) consists of omnivorous bugs in the family Anthocoridae (pirate bugs). Adults are 2–5 mm long and feed mostly on smaller insects, larva and eggs, such as spider mites, thrips, jumping plant lice, and white fly, but will also feed on pollen and vascular sap. These predators are common in gardens and landscapes. They have a fairly painful bite, but are not venomous. Some species are raised commercially and sold to growers as a form of biological control. In laboratory conditions, the larval development of ''Orius niger'' takes 14 days at a temperature of 25°; females have a longevity of 60 days and can lay up to 150 eggs.Jean-Lou Justine (1978) ontribution to the study of the influence of alimentation on the development and reproduction of ''Orius niger'' Wolff, 1811 (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae)Contribution à l'étude de l'influence de l'alimentation sur le développement et la reproduction dOrius niger'' Wolff, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lespesia Archippivora
''Lespesia archippivora'' is a species of tachinid fly, which, like all tachinids, are parasitoids of other arthropods. ''L. archippivora'' lives in the body of its host resulting in its death. This is not uncommon since it is estimated that about 10% of all insects are parasitoids. ''L. archippivora'' is a generalist and able to infect at least 25 lepidopteran species in addition to one species of Hymenoptera. It is common in North America and other species exist worldwide. One study suggests the species is bivoltine. It is used as a biological control of a number of pests, such the army worm (''Mythimna unipuncta''), sugarcane leaf roller ('' Omiodes accepta''), corn earworm ('' Heliothis zea''), black cutworm (''Agrotis ipsilon''), and variegated cutworm (''Peridroma saucia''). It is a concern in the morbidity of monarch butterflies. Researchers do not all agree that a high census of ''L. archippivora'' may regulate the population or have an effect on the fall migration of e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meteorus Autographae
''Meteorus'' is a genus of parasitoid wasps in the family Braconidae. It comprises over 330 species worldwide. ''Meteorus'' wasps are distinguished from other braconid wasps by the presence of a second submarginal cell in the forewing and a petiolate first tergite A ''tergum'' (Latin for "the back"; : ''terga'', associated adjective tergal) is the Anatomical terms of location#Dorsal and ventral, dorsal ('upper') portion of an arthropod segment other than the head. The Anatomical terms of location#Anterior .... Selected species *'' Meteorus andreae'' Aguirrer & Shaw, 2011 *'' Meteorus gyrator'' Thunberg, 1922 * ''Meteorus hyphantriae'' Riley, 1887 *'' Meteorus laphygmae'' Viereck 1913 *'' Meteorus pulchricornis'' Wesmael, 1835 *'' Meteorus rubens'' Nees, 1811 *'' Meteorus stellatus'' Fujie et al., 2021 *'' Meteorus trachynotus'' Viereck, 1912 References Euphorinae Braconidae genera Taxa named by Alexander Henry Haliday {{Ichneumonoidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cotesia Marginiventris
''Cotesia marginiventris'' is a species of parasitoid wasp that develops in Noctuidae The Noctuidae, commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms, are a family (biology), family of moths. Taxonomically, they are considered the most controversial family in the superfamily Noctuoidea because many of the clades are constantly ... caterpillars. It can be found in the Americas. The wasp finds caterpillar hosts to rear its young in by detecting the volatiles produced by the plants that the herbivorous caterpillars feed on. References Microgastrinae Biological pest control wasps Hymenoptera of North America Hymenoptera of South America Insects described in 1865 {{Braconidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chelonus Insularis
''Chelonus'' is a wasp genus in the subfamily Cheloninae. Their larvae feed chiefly on larvae of moths in superfamilies Tortricoidea and Pyraloidea.Shaw, S.R. 1997. Subfamily Cheloninae. Species * '' Chelonus abditus'' * '' Chelonus abductor'' * '' Chelonus aberrans'' * '' Chelonus abnormalis'' * '' Chelonus absonus'' * '' Chelonus abstrusus'' * '' Chelonus aciculatus'' * '' Chelonus aculeatus'' * '' Chelonus acuminatus'' * '' Chelonus acutigaster'' * '' Chelonus acutiusculus'' * '' Chelonus acutulus'' * '' Chelonus adjunctus'' * '' Chelonus aelleniae'' * ''Chelonus agathis'' * '' Chelonus agilis'' * '' Chelonus ahngeri'' * '' Chelonus akmolensis'' * '' Chelonus alaicus'' * ''Chelonus albicinctus'' * ''Chelonus albofasciatus'' * ''Chelonus albomacula'' * ''Chelonus albor'' * ''Chelonus alexeevi'' * ''Chelonus algiricus'' * ''Chelonus aligarhensis'' * ''Chelonus alius'' * ''Chelonus alpinus'' * '' Chelonus alter'' * '' Chelonus alternator'' * '' Chelonus alticinctus'' * '' C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parasitoid
In evolutionary ecology, a parasitoid is an organism that lives in close association with its host (biology), host at the host's expense, eventually resulting in the death of the host. Parasitoidism is one of six major evolutionarily stable strategy, evolutionary strategies within parasitism, distinguished by the fatal prognosis for the host, which makes the strategy close to predation. Among parasitoids, strategies range from living inside the host (''endoparasitism''), allowing it to continue growing before emerging as an adult, to Paralysis, paralysing the host and living outside it (''ectoparasitism''). Hosts can include other parasitoids, resulting in hyperparasitism; in the case of oak galls, up to five levels of parasitism are possible. Some parasitoids Behavior-altering parasite, influence their host's behaviour in ways that favour the propagation of the parasitoid. Parasitoids are found in a variety of Taxon, taxa across the insect superorder Endopterygota, whose compl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hawaii
Hawaii ( ; ) is an island U.S. state, state of the United States, in the Pacific Ocean about southwest of the U.S. mainland. One of the two Non-contiguous United States, non-contiguous U.S. states (along with Alaska), it is the only state not on the North American mainland, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only state in the tropics. Hawaii consists of 137 volcanic islands that comprise almost the entire Hawaiian Islands, Hawaiian archipelago (the exception, which is outside the state, is Midway Atoll). Spanning , the state is Physical geography, physiographically and Ethnology, ethnologically part of the Polynesian subregion of Oceania. Hawaii's ocean coastline is consequently the List of U.S. states and territories by coastline, fourth-longest in the U.S., at about . The eight main islands, from northwest to southeast, are Niihau, Niihau, Kauai, Kauai, Oahu, Oahu, Molokai, Molokai, Lanai, Lānai, Kahoʻolawe, Kahoolawe, Maui, and Hawaii (island), Hawaii, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Florida
Florida ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders the Gulf of Mexico to the west, Alabama to the northwest, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the Straits of Florida to the south, and The Bahamas to the southeast. About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. It has the List of U.S. states by coastline, longest coastline in the contiguous United States, spanning approximately , not including its many barrier islands. It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. With a population of over 23 million, it is the List of U.S. states and territories by population, third-most populous state in the United States and ranks List of states and territories of the United States by population density, seventh in population density as of 2020. Florida spans , ranking List of U.S. states ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
