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Battle Of Salt River
The Battle of Salt River was a small military engagement between the crew of a Portuguese fleet led by Francisco de Almeida and the indigenous ÇUriÇÊŒaekua ("Goringhaiqua" in Dutch approximate spelling), notable for being the first military encounter between Europeans and indigenous people in what would later become South Africa. The battle resulted in a massacre of Portuguese forces and a victory for the ÇUriÇÊŒaekua. Background After winning the Battle of Diu in the Indian Ocean, Almeida sailed for Portugal in December 1509 and reached Table Bay near the Cape of Good Hope, where the ''Garcia'', ''BelĂ©m'' and ''Santa Cruz'' dropped anchor late February 1510, to replenish water. There they encountered the local indigenous people, the ÇUriÇÊŒaekua Khoikhoi clan. After friendly trade with the ÇUriÇÊŒaekua, a group of 12 or 13 of the crew members visited their nearby village, situated in modern-day Observatory or Mowbray. Accounts differ on what happened in the ÇUr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Willem Steenkamp
Willem Steenkamp is a South African author, journalist, historian, military analyst and citizen soldier. He has published a number of books and consults widely in military affairs. Awards * Cited in 1967 and 1968 in United Press International's annual selection of its best news feature articles worldwide. * Awarded the Settlers' Prize for Enterprising Journalism in 1982. * Awarded the Maskew Miller Prize (co-winner with James Ambrose Brown) in 1983 for the Anglo-Boer War novel "The Blockhouse". * Awarded the Lady Usher Memorial Prize in 1985 for the historical novel "The Horse Thief". * Awarded the Barcom Prize for Professional Military Writing in 1988 for an essay on future amphibious assault personnel requirements. Appointments * Justice of the peace (appointed 1993). *UN international election observer (appointed 1994). * Member of the Ceremonial Staff Board (advisory body to the SANDF's Director of Ceremonial and Military Music) up to 2004. * Member of the VOC Foundation. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1510 In Portugal ...
Events in the year 1510 in Portugal. Incumbents * King of Portugal and the Algarves: Manuel I Events *Portuguese conquest of Goa Births *Paulo Dias de Novais, Captain-Governor of Portuguese Angola (died 1589) *SimĂŁo Rodrigues, Jesuit priest (died 1579) Deaths *1 March - Francisco de Almeida, nobleman, soldier and explorer (born c.1450) See also * History of Portugal (1415â1578) References {{DEFAULTSORT:1510 In Portugal Years of the 16th century in Portugal Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, RepĂșblica Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thabo Mbeki
Thabo Mvuyelwa Mbeki KStJ (; born 18 June 1942) is a South African politician who was the second president of South Africa from 14 June 1999 to 24 September 2008, when he resigned at the request of his party, the African National Congress (ANC). Before that, he was deputy president under Nelson Mandela between 1994 and 1999. The son of Govan Mbeki, a renowned ANC intellectual, Mbeki has been involved in ANC politics since 1956, when he joined the ANC Youth League, and has been a member of the party's National Executive Committee since 1975. Born in the Transkei, he left South Africa aged twenty to attend university in England, and spent almost three decades in exile abroad, until the ANC was unbanned in 1990. He rose through the organisation in its information and publicity section and as Oliver Tambo's protégé, but he was also an experienced diplomat, serving as the ANC's official representative in several of its African outposts. He was an early advocate for and leader o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Julius Mickle
William Julius Mickle (29 September 1734 in Langholm, in Dumfrieshire â 28 October 1788 in Forest Hill) was a Scottish poet. Son of the minister of Langholm, Dumfriesshire, he was for some time a brewer in Edinburgh, but failed. He moved to England where he worked as a corrector for the Clarendon Press at Oxford. In 1771â75 Mickle lodged at the manor house in Forest Hill, Oxfordshire. Mickle had various literary failures and minor successes until, while at Forest Hill, he produced his translation of the '' Lusiad'', from the Portuguese of LuĂs de CamĂ”es. This was a success that brought him both fame and money. In 1777 he went to Portugal, where he was received with distinction. In 1784 he published the ballad of ''Cumnor Hall'', which suggested to Scott the writing of ''Kenilworth Kenilworth ( ) is a market town and civil parish in the Warwick District in Warwickshire, England, south-west of Coventry, north of Warwick and north-west of London. It lies on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Herbert (seaman)
Thomas Herbert (15 May 1597 â 1642?) was a Welsh seaman and author. Biography Herbert was the sixth and posthumous son of Richard Herbert, Lord of Cherbury and his mother Magdalen, daughter of Sir Richard Newport, and brother of Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury and poet George Herbert. He was born at Montgomery Castle on 15 May 1597. He served as page to Sir Edward Cecil in Germany, and distinguished himself by his gallantry at the siege of Juliers in 1610, when aged 13. In 1616 he took service under Captain Benjamin Joseph, commander of ''Globe'', East Indiaman. When Joseph was killed in an engagement with a Portuguese carrack, Herbert assumed the command, and eventually beat off and disabled the enemy. He pursued his voyage to Surat, arriving there in March 1617. Thence he went up the country to Mandow ( Mandu), where the great mogul kept his court. He returned in the autumn to Surat, and to England next year. Herbert served under Sir Robert Mansell, in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LuĂs De CamĂ”es
LuĂs Vaz de CamĂ”es (; sometimes rendered in English as Camoens or CamoĂ«ns, ; c. 1524 or 1525 â 10 June 1580) is considered Portugal's and the Portuguese language's greatest poet. His mastery of verse has been compared to that of Shakespeare, Milton, Vondel, Homer, Virgil and Dante. He wrote a considerable amount of lyrical poetry and drama but is best remembered for his epic work '' Os LusĂadas'' (''The Lusiads''). His collection of poetry ''The Parnasum of LuĂs de CamĂ”es'' was lost during his life. The influence of his masterpiece ''Os LusĂadas'' is so profound that Portuguese is sometimes called the "language of CamĂ”es". The day of his death, 10 June OS, is Portugal's national day. Life Origins and youth Much of the information about LuĂs de CamĂ”es' biography raises doubts and, probably, much of what circulates about him is nothing more than the typical folklore that is formed around a famous figure. Only a few dates are documented that guide its trajectory. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JoĂŁo De Barros
JoĂŁo de Barros () (1496 â 20 October 1570), called the ''Portuguese Livy'', is one of the first great Portuguese historians, most famous for his ''DĂ©cadas da Ăsia'' ("Decades of Asia"), a history of the Portuguese in India, Asia, and southeast Africa. Early years Educated in the palace of Manuel I of Portugal, he composed, at the age of twenty, a romance of chivalry, the ''Chronicle of the Emperor Clarimundo'', in which he is said to have had the assistance of Prince John (later King John III). Upon ascending the throne, King John III awarded Barros the captaincy of the fortress of St George of Elmina, to which he proceeded in 1524. In 1525, he obtained the post of treasurer of the India House, which he held until 1528. To escape from an outbreak of bubonic plague in 1530 Barros moved from Lisbon to his country house near Pombal, where he finished a moral dialogue, ''Rho pica Pneuma'', which was praised by Juan LuĂs Vives. On his return to Lisbon in 1532 the king appoi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French East India Company
The French East India Company (french: Compagnie française pour le commerce des Indes orientales) was a colonial commercial enterprise, founded on 1 September 1664 to compete with the English (later British) and Dutch trading companies in the East Indies. Planned by Jean-Baptiste Colbert, it was chartered by King Louis XIV for the purpose of trading in the Eastern Hemisphere. It resulted from the fusion of three earlier companies, the 1660 Compagnie de Chine, the Compagnie d'Orient and Compagnie de Madagascar. The first Director General for the Company was François de la Faye, who was adjoined by two Directors belonging to the two most successful trading organizations at that time: François Caron, who had spent 30 years working for the Dutch East India Company, including more than 20 years in Japan, and Marcara Avanchintz, an Armenian trader from Isfahan, Persia. History In 1604, French king Henry IV authorized the first ''Compagnie des Indes Orientales'', granting the fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East India Company
The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia), and later with East Asia. The company seized control of large parts of the Indian subcontinent, colonised parts of Southeast Asia and Hong Kong. At its peak, the company was the largest corporation in the world. The EIC had its own armed forces in the form of the company's three Presidency armies, totalling about 260,000 soldiers, twice the size of the British army at the time. The operations of the company had a profound effect on the global balance of trade, almost single-handedly reversing the trend of eastward drain of Western bullion, seen since Roman times. Originally chartered as the "Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East-Indies", the company rose to account for half of the world's trade duri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch East India Company
The United East India Company ( nl, Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the VOC) was a chartered company established on the 20th March 1602 by the States General of the Netherlands amalgamating existing companies into the first joint-stock company in the world, granting it a 21-year monopoly to carry out trade activities in Asia. Shares in the company could be bought by any resident of the United Provinces and then subsequently bought and sold in open-air secondary markets (one of which became the Amsterdam Stock Exchange). It is sometimes considered to have been the first multinational corporation. It was a powerful company, possessing quasi-governmental powers, including the ability to wage war, imprison and execute convicts, negotiate treaties, strike its own coins, and establish colonies. They are also known for their international slave trade. Statistically, the VOC eclipsed all of its rivals in the Asia trade. Between 1602 and 1796 the VOC sent almost a million Eur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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