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Basel Thaler
The ''Basel Thaler'' was a currency denomination worth 3 ''livres'' or 30 ''batzen'' used by the Swiss Canton of Basel until 1798. It was used by both the Canton and the Bishopric of Basel. Basel's basic currency unit was the ''livre'' (later ''franc'' or ''frank''), divided into 10 ''batzen'' or 40 ''kreuzer''. It was worth th the French silver écu or 6.67 g fine silver. The French ''écu'' was also equivalent to 4 Franken of the Helvetic Republic, and afterwards to 4 Basel franken. Coins The first Thaler were issued between 1542 and 1552 by the city of Basel, together with Thaler between 1542 and 1548. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the canton issued , , 1 and 2 Thaler coins, with Thaler only struck between 1764 and 1766. In the late 18th century, the canton issued billon coins for , 1 and 3 Batzen, silver pieces of , , and 1 Thaler, and gold ''Duplone'' and 1 and 2 ''Gulden''. The ''Bistum'' (Bishopric In church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crozier
A crosier or crozier (also known as a paterissa, pastoral staff, or bishop's staff) is a stylized staff that is a symbol of the governing office of a bishop or abbot and is carried by high-ranking prelates of Roman Catholic, Eastern Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and some Anglican, Lutheran, United Methodist and Pentecostal churches. In Western Christianity the usual form has been a shepherd's crook, curved at the top to enable animals to be hooked. In Eastern Christianity, it is found in two common forms: tau-shaped, with curved arms, surmounted by a small cross; or a pair of sculptured serpents or dragons curled back to face each other, with a small cross between them. Other typical insignia of prelates are the mitre, the pectoral cross, and the episcopal ring. History The origin of the crozier as a staff of authority is uncertain, but there were many secular and religious precedents in the ancient world. One example is the lituus, the traditional staf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Currency
A currency, "in circulation", from la, currens, -entis, literally meaning "running" or "traversing" is a standardization of money in any form, in use or circulation as a medium of exchange, for example banknotes and coins. A more general definition is that a currency is a ''system of money'' in common use within a specific environment over time, especially for people in a nation state. Under this definition, the British Pound Sterling (£), euros (€), Japanese yen (¥), and U.S. dollars (US$)) are examples of (government-issued) fiat currencies. Currencies may act as stores of value and be traded between nations in foreign exchange markets, which determine the relative values of the different currencies. Currencies in this sense are either chosen by users or decreed by governments, and each type has limited boundaries of acceptance - i.e. legal tender laws may require a particular unit of account for payments to government agencies. Other definitions of the term "curren ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Switzerland
). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel, St. Gallen a.o.). , coordinates = , largest_city = Zürich , official_languages = , englishmotto = "One for all, all for one" , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , religion = , demonym = , german: Schweizer/Schweizerin, french: Suisse/Suissesse, it, svizzero/svizzera or , rm, Svizzer/Svizra , government_type = Federalism, Federal assembly-independent Directorial system, directorial republic with elements of a direct democracy , leader_title1 = Federal Council (Switzerland), Federal Council , leader_name1 = , leader_title2 = , leader_name2 = Walter Thurnherr , legislature = Fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canton Of Basel
Basel was a canton of Switzerland that was in existence between 1501 and 1833, when it was split into the two half-cantons of Basel-City and Basel-Country. Background Before the Protestant Reformation, Basel was ruled by prince-bishops (see Bishop of Basel, whose memory is preserved in the crosier shown on the Basel coat of arms, as above). In the later 15th century, in the wake of the Council of Basel (1431–49), the city of Basel grew in wealth and importance. The University of Basel was established in 1459, and the city became an intellectual center of the German Renaissance in the years leading up to the Reformation. Erasmus of Rotterdam taught in Basel, and early printshops were set up by Johannes Petri and Johann Froben. In 1495, Basel was incorporated in the Upper Rhenish Imperial Circle, the bishop sitting on the Bench of the Ecclesiastical Princes. Establishment As a direct consequence of the Swabian War, resolved by the 1499 Treaty of Basel, Basel and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cantons Of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland (german: Kanton; french: canton ; it, cantone; Sursilvan and Surmiran: ; Vallader and Puter: ; Sutsilvan: ; Rumantsch Grischun: ) are the member states of the Swiss Confederation. The nucleus of the Swiss Confederacy in the form of the first three confederate allies used to be referred to as the . Two important periods in the development of the Old Swiss Confederacy are summarized by the terms ('Eight Cantons'; from 1353–1481) and ('Thirteen Cantons', from 1513–1798).rendered "the 'confederacy of eight'" and "the 'Thirteen-Canton Confederation'", respectively, in: Each canton of the Old Swiss Confederacy, formerly also ('lieu/locality', from before 1450), or ('estate', from ), was a fully sovereign state with its own border controls, army, and currency from at least the Treaty of Westphalia (1648) until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848, with a brief period of centralised government during the Helvetic Republic ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishopric Of Basel
The Prince-Bishopric of Basel (german: Hochstift Basel, Fürstbistum Basel, Bistum Basel) was an ecclesiastical principality within the Holy Roman Empire, ruled from 1032 by prince-bishops with their seat at Basel, and from 1528 until 1792 at Porrentruy, and thereafter at Schliengen. As an imperial estate, the prince-bishop had a seat and voting rights at the Imperial Diet. The final dissolution of the state occurred in 1803 as part of the German Mediatisation. The Prince-Bishopric comprised territories now in the Swiss cantons of Basel-Landschaft, Jura, Solothurn and Bern, besides minor territories in nearby portions of southern Germany and eastern France. The city of Basel ceased to be part of the Prince-Bishopric after it joined the Swiss Confederacy in 1501. History The Bishopric of Basel was established by the Carolingians, either by Pepin the Short or by Charlemagne himself. The first recorded bishop of Basel is one Walaus, the first entry in the list of bishops prese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batzen
The batzen is an historical Swiss, south German and Austrian coin. It was first produced in Berne, Switzerland, from 1492 and continued in use there until the mid-19th century. Name Bernese chronicler Valerius Anshelm explained the word from a folk etymology perspective saying that it came from ''Bëtz'' ("bear"), the heraldic animal of the Swiss canton, which was embossed on the reverse of the coin. The word probably goes back to Upper German (particularly Bavarian) ''batzen'' ("stick together") or ''Batzen'' ("lump, thick piece"), since it referred to a ''Dickpfennig'' ("fat pfennig"). History A double ''Plappart'', which soon became known as a ''Batzen'', was minted in Berne from 1492. The minting of ''Batzen'' in Salzburg is also attested early on, in 1495. The ''Batzen'' was originally minted in silver, but from the 17th century in billon. The value of the ''Batzen'' varied over time depending on where it was minted. The value of a Bernese ''Batzen'' initially corr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kreuzer
The Kreuzer (), in English usually kreutzer ( ), was a coin and unit of currency in the southern German states prior to the introduction of the German gold mark in 1871/73, and in Austria and Switzerland. After 1760 it was made of copper. In south Germany the ''kreuzer'' was typically worth 4 ''pfennigs'' and there were 60 ''kreuzers'' to a ''gulden''. Early history The ''kreuzer'' goes back to a ''groschen'' coin minted in Merano in South Tyrol in 1271 (the so-called ''Etscher Kreuzer''). Because of the double cross (German: ''Kreuz'') on the face of the coin, it was soon given the name ''Kreuzer''. It spread in the 15th and 16th centuries throughout the south of the German-speaking area. The Imperial Coinage Act of 1551 made them the unit for small silver coins. In 1559 a value of 60 ''kreuzer'' to 1 ''gulden'' had been adopted throughout the southern states of the Holy Roman Empire, but the northern German states declined to join, and used ''groschen'' instead of ''kreuze ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Écu
The term ''écu'' () may refer to one of several French coins. The first ''écu'' was a gold coin (the ''écu d'or'') minted during the reign of Louis IX of France, in 1266. The value of the ''écu'' varied considerably over time, and silver coins (known as ''écu d'argent'') were also introduced. ''Écu'' (from Latin ''scutum'') means shield, and the coin was so called because its design included the coat of arms of France. The word is related to Catalan '' escut'', Italian '' scudo'' or Portuguese Castilian ''escudo''. In English, the ''écu'' was often referred to as the crown. History Origin When Louis IX took the throne, France still used small silver deniers (abbreviated ''d''.), which had circulated since the time of Charlemagne to the exclusion of larger silver or gold coins. Over the years, French kings had granted numerous nobles and bishops the right to strike coins and their “feudal” coinages competed with the royal coinage. Venice and Florence had already ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basel Frank
The Basel frank (German ''Franken'', French ''franc'') was the currency of the Swiss canton of Basel between 1798 and 1850. It was worth th the French silver ''écu'' or 6.67 g fine silver. History The Frank was the currency of the Helvetian Republic from 1798, replacing the Thaler in Basel. The Helvetian Republic ceased issuing coins in 1803. Basel issued coins between 1805 and 1826, with the Frank subdivided into 10 ''Batzen'', each of 10 ''Rappen''. In 1850, the Swiss franc was introduced, with 1 Basel Frank = 1.4597 Swiss franc The Swiss franc is the currency and legal tender of Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It is also legal tender in the Italian exclave of Campione d'Italia which is surrounded by Swiss territory. The Swiss National Bank (SNB) issues banknotes and the f ...s. Coins Bullion coins were issued in denominations of 1, 2 and 5 Rappen, and 1 Batzen, with silver coins for 3 and 5 Batzen. All bore the arms of the canton. References * External links {{fran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duplone
The duplone was a currency used in various Swiss cantons in the late 1700s and early 1800s. Although there is a wide range of conversions due to the differing sizes and gold contents of different canton's duplones, 1 duplone is generally equal to 16 franken. This conversion is exact in both the cantons of Graubünden and Berne german: Berner(in)french: Bernois(e) it, bernese , neighboring_municipalities = Bremgarten bei Bern, Frauenkappelen, Ittigen, Kirchlindach, Köniz, Mühleberg, Muri bei Bern, Neuenegg, Ostermundigen, Wohlen bei Bern, Zollikofen , website .... Duplones had a consistent gold fineness of 0.900 (just below 22 karats) across Switzerland. References Currencies of Switzerland Modern obsolete currencies {{Money-unit-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Obsolete Currencies
Modern may refer to: History * Modern history ** Early Modern period ** Late Modern period *** 18th century *** 19th century *** 20th century ** Contemporary history * Moderns, a faction of Freemasonry that existed in the 18th century Philosophy and sociology * Modernity, a loosely defined concept delineating a number of societal, economic and ideological features that contrast with "pre-modern" times or societies ** Late modernity Art * Modernism ** Modernist poetry * Modern art, a form of art * Modern dance, a dance form developed in the early 20th century * Modern architecture, a broad movement and period in architectural history * Modern music (other) Geography *Modra, a Slovak city, referred to in the German language as "Modern" Typography * Modern (typeface), a raster font packaged with Windows XP * Another name for the typeface classification known as Didone (typography) * Modern, a generic font family name for fixed-pitch serif and sans serif fonts (f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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