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Baháʼà Faith In Haiti
The Baháʼà Faith in Haiti began in 1916 when Ê»Abdu'l-Bahá, the head of the religion, cited Haiti as one of the island countries of the Caribbean where BaháʼÃs should establish a religious community. The first Baháʼà to visit the island was Mrs. Harriet Gibbs Marshall, from 1922–1928. Another early Baháʼà to visit Haiti was Leonora Armstrong in 1927. After that, others visited Haiti, and by January 1937 Louis George Gregory visited the island and cited the presence of a small community of BaháʼÃs. The first long term pioneers, Ruth and Ellsworth Blackwell, arrived in 1940. Following their arrival the first Baháʼà Local Spiritual Assembly of Haiti was formed in 1942 in Port-au-Prince. From 1951 the Haitian BaháʼÃs participated in regional organizations of the religion until 1961 when Haitian BaháʼÃs elected their own National Spiritual Assembly and soon took on goals reaching out into neighboring islands. The Association of Religion Data Archives (relyin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ʻAbdu'l-Bahá
ʻAbdu'l-Bahá (; Persian: , ;, 23 May 1844 – 28 November 1921), born ʻAbbás (, ), was the eldest son of Baháʼu'lláh, founder of the Bahá’à Faith, who designated him to be his successor and head of the Baháʼà Faith from 1892 until 1921. ʻAbdu'l-Bahá was later cited as the last of three "central figures" of the religion, along with Baháʼu'lláh and the Báb, and his writings and authenticated talks are regarded as sources of Baháʼà sacred literature. He was born in Tehran to an aristocratic family. At the age of eight, his father was imprisoned during a government crackdown on the Bábà Faith and the family's possessions were looted, leaving them in virtual poverty. His father was exiled from their native Iran, and the family established their residence in Baghdad in Iraq, where they stayed for ten years. They were later called by the Ottoman state to Istanbul before entering another period of confinement in Edirne and finally the prison-city of ʻAk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of God
The concept of the kingship of God appears in all Abrahamic religions, where in some cases the terms kingdom of God and kingdom of Heaven are also used. The notion of God's kingship goes back to the Hebrew Bible, which refers to "his kingdom" but does not include the term "Kingdom of God". The "Kingdom of God" and its equivalent form Kingdom of Heaven (Gospel of Matthew), "Kingdom of Heaven" in the Gospel of Matthew is one of the key elements of the teachings of Jesus in the New Testament. The Gospel of Mark indicates that the gospel is the good news about the Kingdom of God. The term pertains to the Christ the King, kingship of Christ over all creation. The phrase "Kingdom of heaven" appears in Matthew's gospel due primarily to Jewish sensibilities about uttering the "name" (God). Jesus did not teach the kingdom of God ''per se'' so much as the ''return'' of that kingdom. The notion of God's kingdom (as it had been under Moses) returning became an agitation in Roman Palestin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oswald Garrison Villard
Oswald Garrison Villard (March 13, 1872 – October 1, 1949) was an American journalist and editor of the ''New York Evening Post.'' He was a civil rights activist, and along with his mother, Fanny Villard, a founding member of the NAACP. In 1913, he wrote to President Woodrow Wilson to protest his administration's racial segregation of federal offices in Washington, D.C., a change from previous integrated conditions.Kathleen L. Wolgemuth, "Woodrow Wilson and Federal Segregation" ''The Journal of Negro History'' Vol. 44, No. 2 (Apr., 1959), pp. 158-173, accessed 10 March 2016 He was a leading liberal spokesman in the 1920s and 1930s, then turned to the right. Villard was a founder of the American Anti-Imperialist League, favoring independence for territories taken in the Spanish–Ameri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baháʼà House Of Worship
A Baháʼà House of Worship or Baháʼà temple is a place of worship of the Baháʼà Faith. It is also referred to by the name ''Mashriqu'l-Adhkár'', which is Arabic for "Dawning-place of the remembrance of God". All Baháʼà Houses of Worship have a round, nine-sided shape and are surrounded by nine pathways leading outwards and nine gardens, reflecting the number nine's Baháʼà symbols, symbolic significance for BaháʼÃs. Inside, there is a prayer hall with seats facing in the direction of the Shrine of Baháʼu'lláh. The Houses of Worship are open throughout the week to both BaháʼÃs and non-BaháʼÃs for prayer and reflection, and some also have scheduled weekly devotional services. Religious text, Scriptural texts from all religions may be recited inside, but sermons, ritualistic ceremonies, and readings from non-scriptural texts are not allowed. In addition, several Houses of Worship have formed choirs that sing music based on the Baháʼà literature, Baháʼ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baháʼà Administration
The Baháʼà administration is a system of elected and appointed institutions to govern the affairs of the Baháʼà Faith, Baháʼà community. Its supreme body is the Universal House of Justice, elected every five years. Some features set apart the Baháʼà administration from similar systems of governance: elected representatives should follow their conscience, rather than being responsible to the views of electors; political campaigning, nominations and parties are prohibited; and structure and authority of institutions to lead BaháʼÃs flowed directly from the religion's founder, Baháʼu'lláh. The Baháʼà administration has four charter documents, the Kitáb-i-Aqdas, the Tablets of the Divine Plan, the Tablets of Baháʼu'lláh#Lawh-i-Karmil (Tablet of Carmel), Tablet of Carmel and the Will and Testament of Ê»Abdu'l-Bahá. Character Consultation A central and distinct aspect of the administration of the Baháʼà Faith is the approach to decision-making through ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telegraphy
Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus flag semaphore is a method of telegraphy, whereas pigeon post is not. Ancient signalling systems, although sometimes quite extensive and sophisticated as in China, were generally not capable of transmitting arbitrary text messages. Possible messages were fixed and predetermined, so such systems are thus not true telegraphs. The earliest true telegraph put into widespread use was the Chappe telegraph, an optical telegraph invented by Claude Chappe in the late 18th century. The system was used extensively in France, and European nations occupied by France, during the Napoleonic era. The electric telegraph started to replace the optical telegraph in the mid-19th century. It was first taken up in Britain in the form of the Cooke and Wheatstone telegraph, initially used mostly as an aid to railw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shoghi Effendi
Shoghà Effendi (; ;1896 or 1897 – 4 November 1957) was Guardian of the Baháʼà Faith from 1922 until his death in 1957. As the grandson and successor of Ê»Abdu'l-Bahá, he was charged with guiding the development of the Baháʼà Faith, including the creation of its global administrative structure and the prosecution of Baháʼà teaching plans, a series of teaching plans that oversaw the expansion of the religion to a number of new countries. As the authorized interpreter of the Baháʼà writings, Baháʼà Writings his translations of the primary written works of the Faith's central figures, provided unity of understanding about essential teachings of the Faith and safeguarded its followers from division. Upon his death in 1957, leadership passed to the Hands of the Cause, and in 1963 the BaháʼÃs of the world elected the Universal House of Justice, an institution which had been described and planned by Baháʼu’llah. Effendi, an Afnán, was born Shoghà Rabbánà i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keith Ransom-Kehler
Keith Ransom-Kehler (February 14, 1876 – October 27, 1933) was an American leader within the Baháʼà Faith, posthumously deemed a Hand of the Cause of God. She is believed to have been the Baháʼà Faith's first American martyr A martyr (, ''mártys'', 'witness' Word stem, stem , ''martyr-'') is someone who suffers persecution and death for advocating, renouncing, or refusing to renounce or advocate, a religious belief or other cause as demanded by an external party. In ..., having died from general malnourishment and illness while in the fourth year of non-stop Baháʼà pioneering across the world. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Ransom-Kehler, Keith 1876 births 1933 deaths Hands of the Cause Bahá'à martyrs American Bahá'Ãs 20th-century Bahá'Ãs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martha Root
Martha Louise Root (August 10, 1872 – September 28, 1939) was an American traveling teacher of the Baháʼà Faith in the early 20th century. From the declaration of her belief in 1909 until her death thirty years later, she went around the world four times. Shoghi Effendi, then head of the Baháʼà Faith, called her "the foremost travel teacher in the first Baháʼà Century", and named her a Hand of the Cause posthumously. Known for her numerous visits with heads of state and other public figures, of special importance was her interaction with Queen Marie of Romania, considered the first royal to accept Baháʼu'lláh. Early life Martha Root was born on August 10, 1872, to Timothy and Nancy Root in Richwood, Ohio, who raised her in the Baptist church. She had two older brothers, Clarence and Claude. Shortly after her birth, the family moved to Cambridge Springs, Pennsylvania, where her father ran a dairy farm. Martha, known as Mattie, was not a typical girl, since her i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Watling Island
San Salvador Island, previously Watling's Island, is an island and district of The Bahamas, famed for being the probable location of Christopher Columbus's first landing of the Americas on 12 October 1492 during his first voyage. This historical importance, the island's tropical beaches, and its proximity to the United States have made tourism central to the local economy. The island has a population of 824 (2022) and is under the administration of Gilbert C. Kemp. Its largest settlement and seat of local government is Cockburn Town. Names ''Watling's Island'' was named for George or John Watling, an Englishman who settled it in the 17th century. The name was used officially from the 1680s until 1926. It is still used unofficially in discussions of the actual location of Columbus's first landfall. ''San Salvador'' derives from the Spanish ("Island of the Holy Savior"), bestowed by Christopher Columbus in honor of Jesus Christ in thanks for his fleet's safe arrival. in what ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bahama Islands
The Bahamas, officially the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is an archipelagic and island country within the Lucayan Archipelago of the Atlantic Ocean. It contains 97 per cent of the archipelago's land area and 88 per cent of its population. It comprises more than 3,000 islands, cays and islets in the Atlantic Ocean, and is located north of Cuba and north-west of the island of Hispaniola (split between the Dominican Republic and Haiti) and the Turks and Caicos Islands, southeast of the U.S. state of Florida and east of the Florida Keys. The capital and largest city is Nassau on the island of New Providence. The Royal Bahamas Defence Force describes the Bahamas' territory as encompassing of ocean space. The Bahama islands were inhabited by the Arawak and Lucayans, a branch of the Arawakan-speaking TaÃno, for many centuries. Christopher Columbus was the first European to see the islands, making his first landfall in the "New World" in 1492 when he landed on the island of San ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lesser Antilles
The Lesser Antilles is a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea, forming part of the West Indies in Caribbean, Caribbean region of the Americas. They are distinguished from the larger islands of the Greater Antilles to the west. They form an arc which begins east of Geography of Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico at the Virgin Islands, archipelago of the Virgin Islands, swings southeast through the Leeward Islands, Leeward and Windward Islands towards South America, and turns westward through the Leeward Antilles along the Geography of Venezuela, Venezuelan coast. Most of them are part of a long, partially volcanic arc, volcanic island arc between the Greater Antilles to the north-west and the continent of South America."West Indies." ''Merriam-Webster's Geographical Dictionary'', 3rd ed. 2001. () Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster Inc., p. 1298. The islands of the Lesser Antilles form the eastern boundary of the Caribbean Sea where it meets the Atlantic Ocean. Together, the Lesser Antilles a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
